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Lunar Habitats
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Lunar habitats were usually for early lunar exploration or as modules for fixed-location base buildup. Mobile habitats were the more logical solution for extended exploration (see Lunar Rovers).
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DLB Module
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Basic module developed by Barmin's OKB from 1962 for the Zvezda Lunar Base. Cancelled, together with the N1 booster, in 1974.
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Apollo CMLS
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In 1966 North American concluded that the Apollo Command Module (CM) could be converted into a lunar shelter by removal of the heat shield, interior modification, addition of a fuel cell power supply, storage facilities for fuel cell reactants and life support expendables, and possibly some type of airlock. When compared to an LM derivative shelter, the greatest advantage of the CM was the 36% greater available volume-- 8.7 m3 compared to 6.4 m3.
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Apollo LM Shelter
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The LM Shelter was essentially an Apollo LM lunar module with ascent stage engine and fuel tanks removed and replaced with consumables and scientific equipment for 14 days extended lunar exploration. Work was planned to begin in 1966, with 1-2 missions per year beginning in 1970 after accomplishment of the manned lunar landing goal. In the event, only the Lunar Rover vehicle, used in the later Apollo missions, ever saw actual use.
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LESA Shelter
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LESA (Lunar Exploration System for Apollo) was an advanced lunar surface shelter. It would provide the maximum Saturn V-launched lunar base module by using a high efficiency LLV Lunar Landing Vehicle which used RL10 Lox/LH2 engines for the direct landing on the lunar surface. The LESA consisted of a circular inner cabin and annular outer cabin with control stations, bunks, and an airlock.
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Apollo ELS
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The capabilities of a lunar shelter not derived from Apollo hardware were surveyed in the Early Lunar Shelter Study (ELS), completed in February 1967 by AiResearch. The study was an evaluation of configurations suitable for use with LM Truck capability (4700 kg).
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Apollo LASS
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In the LASS (LM Adapter Surface Station) lunar shelter concept, the LM ascent stage was replaced by an SLA 'mini-base' and the position of the Apollo Service Module (SM) was reversed. In comparison to the LM Shelter concept, this provided a lunar mini-base of superior capacity and capability. The SM was used for lunar orbit insertion and the first portion of descent to the lunar surface. The LM descent stage was used for final touchdown.
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LZhM
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Laboratory-living module. Three story lunar surface residence and laboratory for Vulkan-launched Lunar Expedition.
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LZM
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Laboratory-Factory Module for the Vulkan surface base. Single story, four-lobed facility dedicated to lunar surface biological and physics research and production of oxygen from lunar soil for long-duration stay on the lunar surface.
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Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site..
To contact astronauts or cosmonauts.
© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.
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