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Short Description
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Apollo vs N1-L3
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Apollo CSM / LM vs L3 Lunar Complex
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apolvsl3.gif
350 x 187
16.2 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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Apollo vs N1-L3
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LK landing leg
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View of the landing leg to the cosmonaut's front left. Note the solid rocket motors mounted above each leg that fired DOWN to settle the LK securely on the surface once the lander was near the surface. Yangel OKB tests proved such rockets greatly improved the chances of the rocket not toppling if landing on a 30 degree slope or with one leg on a moon rock. The descent ladder is seen to the right of the picture.
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lkfrontl.jpg
481 x 400
44.8 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK landing leg
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LK Overhead
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Overhead view of the LK lander, showing Kontakt docking system hexagonal grid docking structure. Exit hatch and ladder are to the right; scallop for main view port at front. Two high gain antennae at either side provided transmission of television from the lunar surface to earth.
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lkoverhd.jpg
260 x 350
21.1 kb
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LK Overhead
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N1 Cutaway
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Dimensioned Russian cutaway drawing of N1 launch vehicle.
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n1cut4.gif
433 x 123
23.8 kb
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N1 Cutaway
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L3 Cutaway
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Dimensioned Russian cutaway drawing of L3 manned lunar landing complex.
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l3cut1.gif
223 x 965
15.5 kb
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L3 Cutaway
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Orbital Module, view down from top of spacecraft toward Soyuz descent module.
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lokoml.jpg
195 x 292
21.6 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Orbital Module, docking control station. The manoeuvring panel and controls were located where the grey dummy panel is. It is flanked by hand controllers. The cosmonaut would look through the cupola to accomplish manual docking with the LK after its return from the lunar surface.
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lokome1.jpg
395 x 575
56.1 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Orbital Module
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LK Test Article
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Subscale dynamic test article of a late configuration of the LK, as preserved in the TsniiMash museum. This shows well the complex shape of the Lunar Cabin and the final LPU configuration.
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lktstes1.jpg
359 x 461
45.9 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK Test Article
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S5.51 LOK engine
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Side view of the twin-chamber Isayev S5.51 engine used in the Soyuz 7K-LOK lunar orbiter. The two smaller chambers of the S5.52 supplemental engine protude beyond the main engine bells to either side.
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s551b.jpg
385 x 511
60.9 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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S5.51 LOK engine
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LOK Block I side
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View of the LOK Block I. Noticeable are the fragile radiator panels, and the large manoeuvring thrusters at the forward end. The large cylindrical devices are sensors of the attitude control system.
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loksmsi2.jpg
580 x 398
48.5 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Block I side
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LOK Block I forward
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View of the dome covering the pressurized instrument compartment of the LOK.
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loksmfwd.jpg
577 x 397
57.5 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Block I forward
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LOK Descent Module
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LOK Descent Module and Orbital Module. Note the cupola at the left top of the Orbital Module. On the opposite wall are the lunar mapping camera apertures and control station.
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lokdmoma.jpg
358 x 574
48.3 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Descent Module
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LOK reaction control
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The upper half of this item is the ODOP (Orientation and docking engine section) of the LOK, mounted at the top of the orbital module. The cone at top was had grapples for snagging the hexagonal grid of the large disk on top of the LK. Propellants for the orientation and manoeuvring engines were in the tanks in this section. The bottom half of this item is similar to a test installation used on the Soyuz 7K-L1S destroyed in the several N1 launches.
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lokrcsdm.jpg
368 x 520
47.4 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK reaction control
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Orbital Module interior
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lokomint.jpg
573 x 398
82.8 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Orbital Module
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S5.51 LOK engine
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The complex plumbing fed numerous smaller attitude control thrusters at the base of the LOK.
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s551.jpg
350 x 246
30.4 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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S5.51 LOK engine
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Orbital Module. Note the far greater amount of external cabling and connecting plates than in the standard Soyuz.
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lokom.jpg
393 x 568
51.0 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Orbital Module
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LOK Block I side
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View of the LOK Block I instrument/rocket module. The fragile radiators, arrayed around the main fuel tank, extended away from the body of the spacecraft in flight. The silvery instrument section has numerous patch panels for connecting external wiring. The tapered interstage with stringers connected to the Soyuz descent module. Large 'mooring' thrusters arrayed around this section provided high-authority manoeuvring capability for the LOK in its rendezvous and docking with the LK.
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loksmsid.jpg
577 x 403
59.1 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Block I side
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LK ladder base
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Detail of the base of the ladder, showing the battery racks below the ladder. Note the shape of the foot pad.
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lkdet13.jpg
527 x 369
50.4 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK ladder base
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Soyuz LOK
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Soyuz LOK lunar orbiter.
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soybiglo.gif
576 x 208
6.6 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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Soyuz LOK
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LK panels
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The cosmonauts' view of the LK viewports and control panels. On the left, environmental control and cabin depressurisation controls (light blue panel); radio controls (dark green panel); large porthole looking down at lunar surface during landing. The small porthole looked upward for docking. The optical devices that were associated with these portholes are not present in this mock-up. To the right, sequencer panel for calling up sequences for manoeuvres, landing, rendezvous, and docking. Guarded switches initiated major events. One of two hand controllers is visible below the green radio panel.
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lkpanels.jpg
608 x 273
75.4 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK panels
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LK Two View
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Two view layout drawing of LK lunar lander.
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lknewbig.gif
574 x 350
8.0 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK Two View
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Early LK Test Model
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Dynamic Test Model of Early LK Concept.
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lkmodel.jpg
354 x 458
58.5 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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Early LK Test Model
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LK drawing at Kaluga
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Cutaway drawing of LK lunar lander, showing position of cosmonaut in cabin.
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lkkaluga.jpg
395 x 378
40.1 kb
Credit:
e
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LK drawing at Kaluga
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LK
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Detail forward view drawing of the LK lunar lander.
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lkgood.gif
421 x 464
8.6 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK
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LK Main Engine
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The LK engine cluster at the base of the lander. The single chamber RD-858 of the 2,050 kgf main engine is at the centre. It is flanked by the two nozzles of the RD-859 2,045 kgf backup engine. The smaller nozzles are exhaust nozzles for the turbines of the pump-fed engines. At landing or takeoff, both the primary and backup engines would ignite. Only if both engines were operating, would one shut down. The thick clamshell doors closed over the engines after landing to insulate them and prevent ingestion of lunar soil.
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lkengine.jpg
577 x 398
55.3 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK Main Engine
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LOK Descent Module
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LOK Descent Module detail. The ablative material is far thicker than on the standard Soyuz descent module for the re-entry from lunar distances at twice the energy as that from earth orbit.
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lokdmdet.jpg
394 x 580
49.8 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Descent Module
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LK
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Overall view of the LK preserved at the Orevo Museum of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
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biglk.jpg
367 x 608
51.7 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LK
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LOK Lunar Orbiter
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The Soyuz 7K-LOK lunar orbiter spacecraft to be used in the L3 lunar landing project complex.
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lokkalug.jpg
497 x 178
19.4 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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LOK Lunar Orbiter
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Chelomei LK-700
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Chelomei LK-700 manned direct lunar landing spacecraft - cruise and landed configurations
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lk700.jpg
608 x 359
33.3 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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Chelomei LK-700
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Soyuz 7K-LOK
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Soyuz 7K-LOK manned lunar orbit spacecraft.
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lokdwg.jpg
558 x 170
16.8 kb
Credit:
© Mark Wade
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Soyuz 7K-LOK
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Krechet Spacesuit
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Krechet lunar space suit as displayed at NPO Zvezda. As in the Orlan suit still used on Mir, the cosmonaut entered the suit by swinging open a hatch at the rear. The backpack containing the life support system was housed in the backpack which made up the hatch door. As in Apollo, the gold-coated outer visor of the helmet reflected ultra-violet radiation. The integrated Kretchet design meant that no external hoses were required as in the American Apollo suit.
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krechet1.jpg
196 x 445
18.8 kb
Credit:
Andy Salmon
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Krechet Spacesuit
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Krechet Spacesuit
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Front view of the Krechet lunar space suit
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krechet2.jpg
206 x 478
24.0 kb
Credit:
Andy Salmon
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Krechet Spacesuit
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