1973 May 18 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.

• Cosmos 559 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Inclination: 65.40 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1973-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 6647. Duration: 5.00 days. Decay Date: 1973-05-23. First flight of Soyuz U launch vehicle. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.

• Cosmos 587 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 301 km (187 mi). Inclination: 65.40 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1973-066A. USAF Sat Cat: 6832. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1973-10-04. Second flight of Soyuz U launch vehicle. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 605 Nation: USSR. Payload: Bion no. 1. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Biology. Spacecraft: Bion. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 213 km (132 mi). Apogee: 403 km (250 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.70 min. COSPAR: 1973-083A. USAF Sat Cat: 6913. Duration: 21.50 days. Decay Date: 1973-11-22. Investigation of the influence of space flight on living organisms and testing of life-support systems for biological entities. Capsule recovered 53 deg 29 min N, 65 deg 27 min E. References: 1, 2, 6, 104, 297.

• Cosmos 636 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Apogee: 302 km (187 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1974-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 7225. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1974-04-03. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 638 Nation: USSR. Program: ASTP. Payload: Soyuz ASTP s/n 71-EPSA. Mass: 6,570 kg (14,480 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 187 km (116 mi). Apogee: 309 km (192 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1974-018A. USAF Sat Cat: 7234. Duration: 9.89 days. Decay Date: 1974-04-13. Unmanned Soyuz test flight. Recovered April 13, 1974 5:05 GMT. Soyuz ASTP Test.
  Maneuver Summary:
  190km X 309km orbit to 190km X 266km orbit. Delta V: 12 m/s
  190km X 266km orbit to 240km X 300km orbit. Delta V: 23 m/s
  240km X 300km orbit to 258km X 274km orbit. Delta V: 12 m/s
  Total Delta V: 47 m/s.
  Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 652 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 343 km (213 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1974-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 7292. Duration: 8.00 days. Decay Date: 1974-05-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Yantar-2K failure. Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 1. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: RVSN. COSPAR: F740523A. First test launch of Yantar second generation reconnaissance spacecraft. References: 42, 69.

• Cosmos 670 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut. Payload: Soyuz 7K-S s/n 1L. Mass: 6,700 kg (14,700 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-S. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 211 km (131 mi). Apogee: 294 km (182 mi). Inclination: 50.60 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1974-061A. USAF Sat Cat: 7405. Duration: 2.99 days. Decay Date: 1974-08-09. Unmanned Soyuz 7K-S test flight. Recovered August 8, 1974 23:59 GMT. References: 1, 2, 6, 21, 121.

• Cosmos 672 Nation: USSR. Program: ASTP. Payload: Soyuz ASTP s/n 72-EPSA. Mass: 6,570 kg (14,480 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 222 km (137 mi). Apogee: 226 km (140 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1974-064A. USAF Sat Cat: 7413. Duration: 5.94 days. Decay Date: 1974-08-18. ASTP precursor. Recovered August 18, 1974 5:02 GMT. Soyuz ASTP test.
  Maneuver Summary:
  195km X 305km orbit to 195km X 221km orbit. Delta V: 24 m/s
  195km X 221km orbit to 223km X 223km orbit. Delta V: 8 m/s
  231km X 231km orbit to 231km X 231km orbit. Delta V: 1 m/s
  223km X 223km orbit to 231km X 231km orbit. Delta V: 4 m/s
  231km X 231km orbit to 227km X 237km orbit. Delta V: 2 m/s
  Total Delta V: 39 m/s.
  Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 690 Nation: USSR. Payload: Bion no. 2. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Biology. Spacecraft: Bion. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 215 km (133 mi). Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. COSPAR: 1974-080A. USAF Sat Cat: 7478. Duration: 20.50 days. Decay Date: 1974-11-12. Biological research. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 1, 2, 6, 104, 297.

• Cosmos 691 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 187 km (116 mi). Apogee: 317 km (196 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1974-082A. USAF Sat Cat: 7483. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1974-11-06. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 16 Nation: USSR. Program: ASTP. Payload: Soyuz ASTP s/n 73-EPSA. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 184 km (114 mi). Apogee: 291 km (180 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1974-096A. USAF Sat Cat: 7561. Duration: 5.93 days. Decay Date: 1974-12-08. Flight Crew: Filipchenko, Rukavishnikov. Flight: Soyuz 16. ASTP Manned Test Flight. Check-out of the Soyuz space craft's on-board systems which had been modernized to meet the requirements of the 1975 joint flight in accordance with the programme of the Soviet-United States experiment; conduct of scientific and technical investigations.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33,60.

• Cosmos 697 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 2. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 392 km (243 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.20 min. COSPAR: 1974-098A. USAF Sat Cat: 7571. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1974-12-25. Yantar second generation reconnaissance spacecraft. After failure of the first Yantar-2K launch, a review board recommended modifications to the Soyuz U launch vehicle. This second Yantar still used the Sokol control system from the Zenit and lacked the SpK small film recovery capsules. As planned, after 12 days, the main descent capsule was successfully recovered with its film.References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 720 Nation: USSR. Payload: Zenit-4MT Mod. Mass: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Apogee: 273 km (169 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1975-019A. USAF Sat Cat: 7696. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-04-01. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 727 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 172 km (106 mi). Apogee: 334 km (207 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1975-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 7742. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-04-28. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 19 (ASTP) Nation: USSR. Program: ASTP. Payload: Soyuz ASTP s/n 75 (EPSA). Mass: 6,790 kg (14,960 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 186 km (115 mi). Apogee: 220 km (130 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 88.50 min. COSPAR: 1975-065A. USAF Sat Cat: 8030. Duration: 5.94 days. Decay Date: 1975-07-21. Flight Crew: Kubasov, Leonov. Flight: Soyuz 19 (ASTP), Apollo (ASTP). Soyuz 19 initial orbital parameters were 220.8 by 185.07 kilometres, at the desired inclination of 51.80°, while the period of the first orbit was 88.6 minutes. On 17 July the two spacecraft docked. The crew members rotated between the two spacecraft and conducted various mainly ceremonial activities. Leonov was on the American side for 5 hours, 43 minutes, while Kubasov spent 4:57 in the command and docking modules.

  After being docked for nearly 44 hours, Apollo and Soyuz parted for the first time and were station-keeping at a range of 50 meters. The Apollo crew placed its craft between Soyuz and the sun so that the diameter of the service module formed a disk which blocked out the sun. After this experiment Apollo moved towards Soyuz for the second docking.

  Three hours later Apollo and Soyuz undocked for the second and final time. The spacecraft moved to a 40 m station-keeping distance so that an ultraviolet absorption experiment could be performed. With all the joint flight activities completed, the ships went on their separate ways.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33,60, 452.

• Cosmos 758 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 3. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 326 km (202 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1975-080A. USAF Sat Cat: 8191. Duration: 1.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-09-25. Third Yantar-2K second generation reconnaissance flight, the first with the new Kondor attitude control system. This system experienced problems and failed on the second day of flight. The spacecraft's destruct package was activated by ground command and the spacecraft was destroyed on 6 September 1975 in its second day of flight.References: 1, 2, 6, 69.

• Cosmos 759 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 276 km (171 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1975-084A. USAF Sat Cat: 8275. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-09-23. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 771 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 1. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 219 km (136 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1975-090A. USAF Sat Cat: 8327. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-10-08. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Cosmos 772 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-S s/n 2L. Mass: 6,750 kg (14,880 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-S. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 154 km (95 mi). Apogee: 245 km (152 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 88.40 min. COSPAR: 1975-093A. USAF Sat Cat: 8338. Duration: 3.99 days. Decay Date: 1975-10-02. Unmanned military Soyuz 7K-S test flight. Recovered October 3, 1975 4:10 GMT. Unsuccessful mission. Transmitted only on 166 MHz frequency, at none of the other usual Soyuz wavelengths.
  Maneuver Summary:
  193 km X 270 km orbit to 195 km X 300 km orbit. Delta V: 8 m/s
  196 km X 300 km orbit to 196 km X 328 km orbit. Delta V: 8 m/s
  Total Delta V: 16 m/sReferences: 1, 2, 6, 21, 121.

• Soyuz 20 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T(A9) s/n 64. Mass: 6,700 kg (14,700 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T/A9. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 184 km (114 mi). Apogee: 251 km (155 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1975-106A. USAF Sat Cat: 8430. Duration: 90.49 days. Decay Date: 1976-02-16. Unmanned long duration test of the Soyuz transport vehicle; docked with Salyut 4. Recovered February 16, 1976 2:24 GMT. Comprehensive checking of improved on-board systems of the space craft under various flight conditions. Carried a biological payload. Living organisms were exposed to three months in space.References: 1, 2, 6, 445.

• Cosmos 782 Nation: USSR. Payload: Bion no. 3. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Biology. Spacecraft: Bion. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 218 km (135 mi). Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.50 min. COSPAR: 1975-110A. USAF Sat Cat: 8450. Duration: 19.50 days. Decay Date: 1975-12-15. Biological research. Continued investigation of the effects of space flight on living organisms. Capsule recovered 52 deg 17 min N, 64 deg 11 min E. The Cosmos 782 mission marked the first time that the United States participated in the Soviet Cosmos Program. Scientists from France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. participated in these investigations.Additional Details: Cosmos 782(1763). References: 1, 2, 6, 104, 297.

• Cosmos 805 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 4. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 351 km (218 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1976-018A. USAF Sat Cat: 8699. Duration: 20.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-03-11. Fourth Yantar-2K second generation reconnaissance flight and the first with two SpK small film recovery capsules. First flight of the completely equipped satellite. The main reentry capsule and its film cargo were returned successfully. Both SpK capsules successfully separated from the Yantar in the course of the flight, but neither was recovered. The parachutes of the first did not deploy and the capsule crashed into the ground. The solid motor of the second capsule did not fire as programmed and the capsule did not deorbit at the expected time.References: 1, 2, 6, 69.

• Cosmos 806 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 188 km (116 mi). Apogee: 328 km (203 mi). Inclination: 71.40 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-020A. USAF Sat Cat: 8737. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-03-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 809 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-025A. USAF Sat Cat: 8758. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-03-30. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 820 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 2. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 209 km (129 mi). Apogee: 217 km (134 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1976-046A. USAF Sat Cat: 8856. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-06-02. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Cosmos 834 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Apogee: 237 km (147 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.10 min. COSPAR: 1976-058A. USAF Sat Cat: 8914. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-07-06. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 21 Nation: USSR. Program: Almaz. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T(A9) s/n 41. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T/A9. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 246 km (152 mi). Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1976-064A. USAF Sat Cat: 8934. Duration: 49.27 days. Decay Date: 1976-08-24. Flight Crew: Volynov, Zholobov. Flight: Soyuz 21. Soyuz 21 with Volynov and Zholobov aboard hard-docked with the station on 6 July 1976 after failure of the Igla system at the last stage of rendezvous. Towards the end of the two month mission an early return to earth was requested due to the poor condition of flight engineer Zholobov (who was suffering from space sickness and psychological problems).References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 840 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 319 km (198 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1976-068A. USAF Sat Cat: 9019. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-07-26. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 844 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 5. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 172 km (106 mi). Apogee: 353 km (219 mi). Inclination: 67.20 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1976-072A. USAF Sat Cat: 9046. Duration: 3.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-08-30. Fifth Yantar second generation reconnaissance test flight. One of the solar panels would not unfold. Ground control activiated the destruct package and the spacecraft was destroyed on 25 July. References: 1, 2, 6, 69.

• Cosmos 847 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 321 km (199 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1976-079A. USAF Sat Cat: 9214. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-08-17. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 848 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 303 km (188 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-082A. USAF Sat Cat: 9280. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-08-25. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 848 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.29 min. COSPAR: 1976-082D. USAF Sat Cat: 9374. Decay Date: 1976-09-01. References: 279.

• Cosmos 852 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 332 km (206 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1976-086A. USAF Sat Cat: 9391. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-09-10. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 854 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 167 km (103 mi). Apogee: 308 km (191 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1976-090A. USAF Sat Cat: 9405. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-09-16. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 22 Nation: USSR. Program: ASTP. Payload: Soyuz ASTP s/n 74 modified with MF6 camera. Mass: 6,510 kg (14,350 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-MF6. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Apogee: 296 km (183 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1976-093A. USAF Sat Cat: 9421. Duration: 7.91 days. Decay Date: 1976-09-23. Flight Crew: Aksyonov, Bykovsky. Flight: Soyuz 22. Surplus Soyuz ASTP spacecraft modified with a multi-spectral camera manufactured by Carl Zeiss-Jena in place of the universal docking apparatus. Eight days were spent photographing the earth. Tested and perfected scientific-technical methods and devices for studying the geological characteristics of the earth's surface from outer space for economic purposes.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 855 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 221 km (137 mi). Apogee: 321 km (199 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1976-095A. USAF Sat Cat: 9433. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-10-03. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; also performed mapping, geodesy, earth resources; deployed capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 856 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1976-096A. USAF Sat Cat: 9435. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-10-05. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 856 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 290 km (180 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.39 min. COSPAR: 1976-096E. USAF Sat Cat: 9448. Decay Date: 1976-10-16. References: 279.

• Cosmos 857 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 177 km (109 mi). Apogee: 331 km (205 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-097A. USAF Sat Cat: 9439. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-10-07. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Zenit-4MKT no. 3 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 3. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: RVSN. COSPAR: F761004A. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 42, 103.

• Cosmos 859 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 337 km (209 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-099A. USAF Sat Cat: 9471. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-10-21. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable; also performed earth resources tasks. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 23 Nation: USSR. Program: Almaz. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T(A9) s/n 65. Mass: 6,760 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T/A9. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 239 km (148 mi). Apogee: 269 km (167 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1976-100A. USAF Sat Cat: 9477. Duration: 2.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-10-16. Flight Crew: Rozhdestvensky, Zudov. Flight: Soyuz 23. The Soyuz 23 ferry spacecraft suffered a docking system failure. Sensors indicated an incorrect lateral velocity, causing unnecessary firing of the thrusters during rendezvous. The automatic system was turned off, but no fuel remained for a manual docking by the crew.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 863 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Apogee: 348 km (216 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1976-106A. USAF Sat Cat: 9499. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-11-05. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 865 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 326 km (202 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1976-109A. USAF Sat Cat: 9515. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-11-13. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 865 Nation: USSR. Payload: MKA?. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 214 km (132 mi). Apogee: 431 km (267 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.98 min. COSPAR: 1976-109G. USAF Sat Cat: 9525. Decay Date: 1977-02-10. References: 279.

• Cosmos 866 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 287 km (178 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1976-110A. USAF Sat Cat: 9532. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-11-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 867 Nation: USSR. Payload: Zenit-6 no. 1. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 250 km (150 mi). Apogee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 91.10 min. COSPAR: 1976-111A. USAF Sat Cat: 9552. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-12-06. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 869 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-S s/n 3L. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-S. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 209 km (129 mi). Apogee: 289 km (179 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1976-114A. USAF Sat Cat: 9564. Duration: 17.77 days. Decay Date: 1976-12-17. Unmanned military Soyuz 7K-S test flight. Recovered December 17, 1976 10:31 GMT. Transmitted only on 20.008 MHz and 166 MHz frequencies, at none of the other usual Soyuz wavelengths.
  Maneuver Summary:
  196 km X 290 km orbit to 187 km X 335 km orbit. Delta V: 15 m/s
  187 km X 335 km orbit to 259 km X 335 km orbit. Delta V: 21 m/s
  259 km X 335 km orbit to 260 km X 345 km orbit. Delta V: 2 m/s
  260 km X 345 km orbit to 265 km X 368 km orbit. Delta V: 7 m/s
  265 km X 368 km orbit to 267 km X 391 km orbit. Delta V: 6 m/s
  267 km X 391 km orbit to 300 km X 310 km orbit. Delta V: 32 m/s
  Total Delta V: 83 m/sReferences: 1, 2, 6, 21, 121.

• Cosmos 879 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 213 km (132 mi). Apogee: 225 km (139 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1976-119A. USAF Sat Cat: 9599. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-12-22. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 884 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Apogee: 345 km (214 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1976-123A. USAF Sat Cat: 9614. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1976-12-29. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 888 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1977-001A. USAF Sat Cat: 9658. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-01-19. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 889 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 329 km (204 mi). Inclination: 71.40 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-003A. USAF Sat Cat: 9735. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-02-01. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 24 Nation: USSR. Program: Almaz. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T(A9) s/n 66. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T/A9. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 226 km (140 mi). Apogee: 264 km (164 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1977-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 9804. Duration: 17.73 days. Decay Date: 1977-02-25. Flight Crew: Glazkov, Gorbatko. Flight: Soyuz 24. Soyuz 24 docked with Salyut 5 and brought repair equipment and equipment for a change of cabin atmosphere. This special apparatus was designed to allow the entire station to be vented through the EVA airlock. Because of this the planned EVA was cancelled. However analysis after arrival showed no toxins in the air. The crew changed the cabin air anyway, then returned to earth. The mission, although a short 18 days, was characterised as a busy and successful mission, accomplishing nearly as much as the earlier Soyuz 21's 50 day mission.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 892 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Apogee: 427 km (265 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.40 min. COSPAR: 1977-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 9812. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-02-22. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Zenit-4MK Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: RVSN. COSPAR: F770222A. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission. References: 279.

• Zenit-4MK Nation: USSR. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: RVSN. COSPAR: F770330A. Decay Date: 1977-03-30. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission. References: 42.

• Cosmos 896 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 206 km (128 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 88.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 9857. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-03-16. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 897 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 9860. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-03-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 898 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Apogee: 230 km (140 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1977-020A. USAF Sat Cat: 9871. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-03-30. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 898 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka?. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 208 km (129 mi). Apogee: 219 km (136 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.77 min. COSPAR: 1977-020D. USAF Sat Cat: 9887. Decay Date: 1977-04-03. References: 279.

• Cosmos 902 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 168 km (104 mi). Apogee: 279 km (173 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1977-026A. USAF Sat Cat: 9908. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-04-20. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 904 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 328 km (203 mi). Inclination: 71.40 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-028A. USAF Sat Cat: 9930. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-05-04. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 905 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 6. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Apogee: 413 km (256 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 90.30 min. COSPAR: 1977-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 9937. Duration: 30.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-05-26. Sixth Yantar second generation reconnaissance test flight and first completely successful flight. Both small SpK film capsules successfully recovered during course of flight, as was the main OSA cabin with its camera, computer, and main film cannisters. First full duration Yantar flight.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 69.

• Cosmos 907 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1977-033A. USAF Sat Cat: 9944. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-05-16. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 908 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 89.10 min. COSPAR: 1977-035A. USAF Sat Cat: 10007. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-05-31. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 912 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 4. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 217 km (134 mi). Apogee: 225 km (139 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1977-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 10021. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-06-08. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Cosmos 914 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 284 km (176 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1977-043A. USAF Sat Cat: 10030. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-06-13. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 914 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 200 km (120 mi). Apogee: 291 km (180 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.41 min. COSPAR: 1977-043E. USAF Sat Cat: 10046. Decay Date: 1977-07-02. References: 279.

• Cosmos 915 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 289 km (179 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.10 min. COSPAR: 1977-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 10038. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-06-21. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 916 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 255 km (158 mi). Apogee: 304 km (188 mi). Inclination: 62.70 deg. Period: 90.10 min. COSPAR: 1977-046A. USAF Sat Cat: 10040. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-06-21. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; also performed mapping, geodesy, earth resources; deployed capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 920 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 342 km (212 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1977-052A. USAF Sat Cat: 10086. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-07-05. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 922 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 221 km (137 mi). Apogee: 283 km (175 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1977-058A. USAF Sat Cat: 10115. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-07-13. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 927 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 153 km (95 mi). Apogee: 361 km (224 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1977-063A. USAF Sat Cat: 10139. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-07-25. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 932 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 150 km (90 mi). Apogee: 358 km (222 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-069A. USAF Sat Cat: 10153. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-08-02. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 934 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 255 km (158 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1977-072A. USAF Sat Cat: 10164. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-08-09. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 935 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 217 km (134 mi). Apogee: 251 km (155 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1977-073A. USAF Sat Cat: 10168. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-08-11. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 936 Nation: USSR. Payload: Bion no. 4. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Biology. Spacecraft: Bion. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 219 km (136 mi). Apogee: 396 km (246 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-074A. USAF Sat Cat: 10172. Duration: 18.60 days. Decay Date: 1977-08-22. Biological research. Scientists from the U.S.S.R., the U.S., Czechoslovakia, France, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and the German Democratic Republic conducted experiments in physics and biology on the mission. The biosatellite was recovered at 51 deg 53 min N, 61 deg 30 min E, near Kustanay in Central Asia after remaining in orbit for 18.5 days.Additional Details: Cosmos 936(2156). References: 1, 2, 6, 104, 297.

• Zenit-4MKM Nation: USSR. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. COSPAR: F770810A. Decay Date: 1977-08-30. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission. References: 42.

• Cosmos 938 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1977-078A. USAF Sat Cat: 10281. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-09-06. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 947 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 321 km (199 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-081A. USAF Sat Cat: 10299. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-09-09. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 948 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 5. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 217 km (134 mi). Apogee: 235 km (146 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1977-083A. USAF Sat Cat: 10319. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-09-15. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Cosmos 949 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 7. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 177 km (109 mi). Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1977-085A. USAF Sat Cat: 10326. Duration: 30.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-10-06. Yantar-2K second generation reconnaissance state acceptance test flight. Completely successful and led to acceptance of Yantar-2K into Red Army service in 1978. Area survey photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 69.

• Cosmos 950 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 282 km (175 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1977-086A. USAF Sat Cat: 10351. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-09-27. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 953 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 330 km (200 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-089A. USAF Sat Cat: 10359. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-09-29. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 957 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 361 km (224 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-098A. USAF Sat Cat: 10385. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-10-13. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 25 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 42. Mass: 6,860 kg (15,120 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 240 km (140 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-099A. USAF Sat Cat: 10401. Duration: 2.03 days. Decay Date: 1977-10-11. Flight Crew: Kovalyonok, Ryumin. Flight: Soyuz 25. Manned two crew. Unsuccessful mission. Failed to dock with Salyut 6. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 958 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 257 km (159 mi). Apogee: 351 km (218 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.60 min. COSPAR: 1977-100A. USAF Sat Cat: 10403. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-10-24. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 964 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 362 km (224 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1977-110A. USAF Sat Cat: 10498. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-12-17. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 26 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 43. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 235 km (146 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-113A. USAF Sat Cat: 10506. Duration: 37.42 days. Decay Date: 1978-01-16. Flight Crew: Grechko, Romanenko. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-1. Manned two crew. Docked with Salyut 6. Carried Yuri Romanenko, Georgi Grechko to Salyut 6; returned crew of Soyuz 27 to Earth. Conduct of joint experiments with the Salyut-6 scientific station. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 966 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 296 km (183 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1977-115A. USAF Sat Cat: 10510. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1977-12-24. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 966 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 276 km (171 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.24 min. COSPAR: 1977-115D. USAF Sat Cat: 10538. Decay Date: 1978-01-07. References: 279.

• Cosmos 969 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 317 km (196 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1977-120A. USAF Sat Cat: 10527. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-01-03. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 973 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Inclination: 71.50 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1977-124A. USAF Sat Cat: 10540. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-01-09. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 973 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 312 km (193 mi). Inclination: 71.40 deg. Period: 89.61 min. COSPAR: 1977-124D. USAF Sat Cat: 10558. Decay Date: 1978-01-25. References: 279.

• Cosmos 974 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Apogee: 334 km (207 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-001A. USAF Sat Cat: 10554. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-01-19. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 27 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 44. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Apogee: 237 km (147 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-003A. USAF Sat Cat: 10560. Duration: 64.95 days. Decay Date: 1978-03-16. Flight Crew: Dzhanibekov, Makarov. Flight: Salyut 6 EP-1, Salyut 6 EO-1. Manned two crew. Carried Oleg Makarov, Vladimir Dzhanibekov to Salyut 6; returned crew of Soyuz 26 to Earth. Docked with Salyut 6. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 984 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 291 km (180 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-006A. USAF Sat Cat: 10592. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-01-26. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Progress 1 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Progress s/n 102. Mass: 7,020 kg (15,470 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 256 km (159 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 10603. Duration: 18.73 days. Completed Operations Date: 1978-02-08 02:00:20. Decay Date: 1978-02-08 02:00:20. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-1. Unmanned supply vessel to Salyut 6. Delivery of fuel, consumable materials and equipment to the Salyut 6 station. Docked with Salyut 6 on 22 Jan 1978 10:12:14 GMT. Undocked on 6 Feb 1978 05:54:00 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 8 Feb 1978 02:00:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 3.91 days. Total docked time 14.82 days.References: 1, 2, 6, 275.

• Cosmos 986 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 172 km (106 mi). Apogee: 318 km (197 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-010A. USAF Sat Cat: 10607. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-02-07. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 987 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Apogee: 322 km (200 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 10639. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-02-14. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 988 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 201 km (124 mi). Apogee: 335 km (208 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-015A. USAF Sat Cat: 10666. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-02-20. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable; also performed mapping, geodesy, earth resources tasks. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 989 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Apogee: 318 km (197 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 10672. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-02-28. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 28 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 45. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Apogee: 246 km (152 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-023A. USAF Sat Cat: 10694. Duration: 7.93 days. Decay Date: 1978-03-10. Flight Crew: Gubarev, Remek. Flight: Salyut 6 EP-2, Salyut 6 EO-1. Manned two crew. Docked with Salyut 6. Delivery to the Salyut-6 station of the first international 'Intercosmos' team consisting of A.A. Gubarev (USSR) and V. Remek (Czechoslovak Socialist Republic) to carry out scientific research and experiments jointly developed by Soviet a nd Czechoslovak specialists.References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 992 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 323 km (200 mi). Inclination: 71.30 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-025A. USAF Sat Cat: 10699. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-03-17. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 993 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Apogee: 325 km (201 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-027A. USAF Sat Cat: 10725. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-03-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 995 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 209 km (129 mi). Apogee: 227 km (141 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 10735. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-03-30. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 999 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 352 km (218 mi). Inclination: 71.40 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-033A. USAF Sat Cat: 10773. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-04-12. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1001 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz T s/n 4L. Mass: 6,850 kg (15,100 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 228 km (141 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-036A. USAF Sat Cat: 10783. Duration: 10.87 days. Decay Date: 1978-04-15. Manned precursor. Recovered April 15, 1978 12:02 GMT. Unsuccessful mission. Soyuz T test -failure.
  Maneuver Summary:
  202 km X 231 km orbit to 195 km X 291 km orbit. Delta V: 19 m/s
  195 km X 291 km orbit to 306 km X 322 km orbit. Delta V: 40 m/s
  306 km X 322 km orbit to 308 km X 318 km orbit. Delta V: 1 m/s
  Total Delta V: 60 m/s.
  Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1002 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 283 km (175 mi). Inclination: 65.10 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-037A. USAF Sat Cat: 10785. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-04-19. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1003 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Apogee: 328 km (203 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 10811. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-05-04. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1004 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 290 km (180 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-043A. USAF Sat Cat: 10846. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-05-18. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 1004 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 414 km (257 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.68 min. COSPAR: 1978-043G. USAF Sat Cat: 10852. Decay Date: 1978-06-16. References: 279.

• Cosmos 1007 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 168 km (104 mi). Apogee: 350 km (210 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-048A. USAF Sat Cat: 10895. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-05-29. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable; also performed earth resources tasks. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1010 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 6. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 217 km (134 mi). Apogee: 230 km (140 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-052A. USAF Sat Cat: 10915. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-06-05. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Cosmos 1012 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 265 km (164 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1978-054A. USAF Sat Cat: 10919. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-06-07. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1021 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 313 km (194 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-057A. USAF Sat Cat: 10939. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-06-23. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1022 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 344 km (213 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-059A. USAF Sat Cat: 10944. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-06-25. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Soyuz 29 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 46. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Location of Spacecraft: Militärhistorisches Museum, Dresden, Germany. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 248 km (154 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-061A. USAF Sat Cat: 10952. Duration: 79.64 days. Decay Date: 1978-09-03. Flight Crew: Ivanchenkov, Kovalyonok. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-2. Manned two crew. Docked with Salyut 6. Placed on board the Salyut-6 station a crew consisting of V.V. Kovalenko and A.S. Ivanchenkov to conduct scientific and technological investigations and experiments. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Soyuz 30 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T(A9) s/n 67. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T/A9. Location of Spacecraft: Military History Museum, Warsaw, Poland. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 244 km (151 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-065A. USAF Sat Cat: 10968. Duration: 7.92 days. Decay Date: 1978-07-05. Flight Crew: Hermaszewski, Klimuk. Flight: Salyut 6 EP-3, Salyut 6 EO-2. Manned two crew. Docked with Salyut 6. Placed on board the Salyut-6 station, under the Intercosmos programme, a second, international, crew consisting of P.I. Klimuk (USSR) and M. Hermaszewski (Poland) to conduct scientific investigations and experiments. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 1026 Nation: USSR. Payload: Energia s/n 2. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Energia. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Apogee: 247 km (153 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-069A. USAF Sat Cat: 10977. Duration: 4.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-07-06. Investigation of primary cosmic radiation and meteoritic particles in near-earth outer space. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Progress 2 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Progress s/n 101. Mass: 7,014 kg (15,463 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 248 km (154 mi). Apogee: 307 km (190 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 90.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-070A. USAF Sat Cat: 10979. Duration: 27.59 days. Completed Operations Date: 1978-08-04 01:30:51. Decay Date: 1978-08-04 01:30:51. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-2. Unmanned supply vessel to Salyut 6. Delivery of fuel, consumable materials and equipment to the Salyut 6 station. Docked with Salyut 6 on 9 Jul 1978 12:58:59 GMT. Undocked on 2 Aug 1978 04:57:44 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 4 Aug 1978 01:31:07 GMT. Total free-flight time 3.92 days. Total docked time 23.67 days.References: 1, 2, 6, 275.

• Cosmos 1028 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 14. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 170 km (100 mi). Apogee: 247 km (153 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-076A. USAF Sat Cat: 10995. Duration: 30.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-09-04. Successful full duration flight. Area survey photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1, 2, 6, 69.

• Progress 3 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Progress s/n 103. Mass: 7,014 kg (15,463 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 190 km (110 mi). Apogee: 232 km (144 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-077A. USAF Sat Cat: 10999. Duration: 15.76 days. Completed Operations Date: 1978-08-24 16:44:38. Decay Date: 1978-08-24 16:44:38. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-2. Unmanned supply vessel to Salyut 6. Delivery of fuel, consumable materials and equipment to the Salyut 6 station. Docked with Salyut 6 on 9 Aug 1978 23:59:30 GMT. Undocked on 21 Aug 1978 15:42:50 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 23 Aug 1978 16:45:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 4.10 days. Total docked time 11.66 days.References: 1, 2, 6, 275.

• Soyuz 31 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Soyuz 7K-T s/n 47. Mass: 6,800 kg (14,900 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 243 km (150 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-081A. USAF Sat Cat: 11010. Duration: 67.84 days. Decay Date: 1978-11-02. Flight Crew: Bykovsky, Jaehn. Flight: Salyut 6 EP-4, Salyut 6 EO-2. Manned two crew. Docked with Salyut 6. Delivered to the Salyut-6 station the third international 'Intercosmos' crew consisting of V F Bykovsky (USSR) and S Jaehn (German Democratic Republic) to carry out scientific research and experiments. References: 1, 2, 6, 32, 33.

• Cosmos 1029 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 316 km (196 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-082A. USAF Sat Cat: 11012. Duration: 10.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-09-08. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1031 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 182 km (113 mi). Apogee: 329 km (204 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-085A. USAF Sat Cat: 11022. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-09-22. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Cosmos 1032 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 215 km (133 mi). Apogee: 226 km (140 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-088A. USAF Sat Cat: 11029. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-10-02. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated capsule. References: 1, 2, 6.

• Nauka Cosmos 1032 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 187 km (116 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 88.07 min. COSPAR: 1978-088D. USAF Sat Cat: 11038. Decay Date: 1978-10-03. References: 279.

• Cosmos 1033 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 7. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Apogee: 231 km (143 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-089A. USAF Sat Cat: 11039. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-10-16. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 6, 103.

• Progress 4 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Progress s/n 105. Mass: 7,014 kg (15,463 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: