See also Born on this Day On this day in: 1943 -
1946 - -
First meeting of UN General Assembly opens in London Nation: International.
1947 - 21:13 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC33. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: V-2. LV Configuration: V-2 18.
1956 - Launch Vehicle: Saturn V.
1958 - 15:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC12. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas A. LV Configuration: Atlas A 10A.
1958 - 19:38 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC9. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Navaho. Model: Navaho G-26. LV Configuration: Navaho II SM-64 13. -
Navaho G-26 Flight 8 Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 22 km (13 mi). The booster functioned well, the cruise stage separated at 22 km and Mach 3.15. The ramjets ignited and the cruise stage flew at a sustained speed of Mach 2.8 for forty minutes over a distance of 2000 km. Then the vehicle began a turn for the return to the Cape for recovery. However it seemed the turn was not fast enough; ground control took over, and yet again the right ramjet flamed out in a ground-piloted bank. The missile was commanded into a terminal dive at sea.
1959 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kheysa. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: R-1. Model: A-1. -
Ionosphere / aeronomy mission Nation: USSR. Agency: MVS. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).
1961 - 17:15 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A2. LV Configuration: Polaris A2X-3. -
Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1962 - 20:28 GMT - Launch Site: Mud Lake DZ. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 37.9 N x 117.1 W. Launch Vehicle: X-15. LV Configuration: X-15 1-25-44. FAILURE: Emergency landing at Mud Lake.
1963 - Launch Vehicle: Saturn I.
1963 - -
Soviet Air Force Cosmonaut Training Group 2 selected. Nation: USSR. The group was selected to provide astronauts for the Soyuz manned spaceflight program.. Qualifications: Military pilots, engineers, or navigators under 40 years of age; graduate of military academy or civilian university; under 170 cm tall; under 70 kg in weight..
1963 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 2. LV Configuration: Titan II N-15. FAILURE: Failure. -
Mk 6 re-entry vehicle test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
1964 - -
Manned Orbiting Laboratory "an ominous harbinger...". Nation: USA. Spacecraft: MOL. James J. Haggerty, Jr., Space Editor for the Army-Navy-Air Force Journal and Register, called the assignment of the Manned Orbiting Laboratory to the Department of Defense 'an ominous harbinger of a reversal in trend, an indication that the military services may play a more prominent role in future space exploration at NASA's expense.... Whether you label it development platform, satellite platform, satellite or laboratory, it is clearly intended as a beginning for space station technology. It is also clearly the intent of this administration that, at least in the initial stages, space station development shall be under military rather than civil cognizance....'
1964 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF07. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. LV Configuration: Minuteman 1B 883. -
Demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: SAC 1STRAD. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1966 - -
Korolev hospitalised Nation: USSR. Korolev is in the hospital, requiring an operation on his colon. It is not expected to be difficult, although it carries some risk like all surgeries. He is expected to be in the hospital for two to three weeks.
1966 - 17:14 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Apache. Model: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.248UI. -
Electron density Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 186 km (115 mi).
1968 - 09:58 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF25. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 2. LV Configuration: Minuteman 2 2437. -
ST Olympic Trials 6 operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: SAC 1STRAD. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1969 - 02:43 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC35. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee 150. LV Configuration: Aerobee 150 NASA 04.206UA. -
JHU UVT F3 (Venus) Ultraviolet astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 166 km (103 mi).
1969 - 05:51 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. -
Venera 6 Nation: USSR. Program: Venera. Payload: 2V (V-69) s/n 331. Mass: 1,128 kg (2,486 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Venus. Spacecraft: Venera 2V (V-69). Agency: MOM. COSPAR: 1969-002A. USAF Sat Cat: 3648. Decay Date: 1969-05-17. Venera 6 was launched towards Venus to obtain atmospheric data. When the atmosphere of Venus was approached, a capsule weighing 405 kg was jettisoned from the main spacecraft. This capsule contained scientific instruments. During descent towards the surface of Venus, a parachute opened to slow the rate of descent. For 51 min on May 17, 1969, while the capsule was suspended from the parachute, data from the Venusian atmosphere were returned. The spacecraft also carried a medallion bearing the coat of arms of the U.S.S.R. and a bas-relief of V.I. Lenin to the night side of Venus.
1970 -
1970 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun NASA 10.330GM. -
Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi).
1970 - Launch Site: Point Barrow. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun NASA 10.337GM. -
Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi).
1974 - -
Studies on Skylab 1 OWS revisit at some future date. Nation: USA. Program: Skylab. Spacecraft: Skylab. Studies had been conducted to determine an end-of-mission configuration for the Orbital Workshop and for maintaining the option of an OWS revisit at some future date. MSFC assessed the special deactivation requirements for the AM, MDA, and the Workshop required to establish a satisfactory, economical configuration. JSC made an evaluation of ground support monitoring and control options. The OWS would be left in a configuration that would permit a revisit at some future date without reactivation.
1975 - 02:27 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: 395-C. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 2. LV Configuration: Titan II B-27. -
SOFT Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1975 - 21:43 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511.
1976 - 14:16 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: LA5. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 12.29GT-IT. -
SSC S19A Technology mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 290 km (180 mi).
1978 - -
Vertical stabilizer on dock, Palmdale, Columbia Nation: USA. Program: STS. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Columbia.
1978 - 06:15 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Astrobee. Model: Astrobee F. LV Configuration: Astrobee F NASA 25.12UH. -
X-ray astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 196 km (121 mi).
1978 - 12:26 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
1978 - 13:23 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Vostok 8A92M. -
Cosmos 975 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 14. Mass: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 513 km (318 mi). Apogee: 522 km (324 mi). Inclination: 81.20 deg. Period: 95.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-004A. USAF Sat Cat: 10561. Decay Date: 2001-09-19.
1978 - 20:51 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53716-319.
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Cosmos 977 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 138. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,400 km (800 mi). Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-005B. USAF Sat Cat: 10584.
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Cosmos 978 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 139. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,419 km (881 mi). Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-005C. USAF Sat Cat: 10585.
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Cosmos 979 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 140. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,437 km (892 mi). Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-005D. USAF Sat Cat: 10586.
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Cosmos 980 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 141. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,462 km (908 mi). Apogee: 1,477 km (917 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-005E. USAF Sat Cat: 10587.
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Cosmos 981 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 142. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Apogee: 1,496 km (929 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-005F. USAF Sat Cat: 10588.
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Cosmos 982 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 143. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Apogee: 1,516 km (941 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-005G. USAF Sat Cat: 10589.
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Cosmos 983 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 144. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Apogee: 1,538 km (955 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 116.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-005H. USAF Sat Cat: 10590.
1981 - 18:22 GMT - Launch Site: Siple. Launch Complex: RAG. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.205UE. -
Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 198 km (123 mi).
1983 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Poseidon. -
Follow-on operational missile test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
1983 - 09:19 GMT - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Poseidon. -
Follow-on operational missile test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
1989 - 02:05 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 350-02.
1995 - 06:18 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIAS. LV Configuration: Atlas IIAS AC-113 / Centaur II 8203.
1996 - Launch Site: Taiyuan. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: DF-21. -
Test mission Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1997 - Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Complex: LC16/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M (Block-2BL).
1998 - 00:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7925-9.5. LV Configuration: Delta 7925-9.5 D252.
2001 - 22:09 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 44P. LV Configuration: Ariane 44P-3 V137. -
Turksat 2A Nation: Turkey. Payload: Eurasiasat 1. Mass: 3,535 kg (7,793 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Spacebus 3000. Manufacturer: Alcatel Space. Agency: Eurasisa. Perigee: 35,764 km (22,222 mi). Apogee: 35,808 km (22,250 mi). Inclination: 0.10 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2001-002A. USAF Sat Cat: 26666. Communications satellite. Launch delayed from December 8, 2000 and January 8. The Turksat 2A (Eurasiasat 1) satellite was an Alcatel Spacebus 3000B3 with a dry mass of 1577 kg (launch mass 3535 kg) and a 37m solar panel span. The satellite was placed in a 162 x 36742 km x 2.9 deg orbit; by January 13 the perigee had been raised to 21185 km. The satellite had 36 Ku-band transponders and three antennae. The dual name was probably due to the dual ownership of the spacecraft: 75% by Turk Telecom and 25% by the manufacturer Alcatel Space Company. The 3.4 tonne, 9 kW spacecraft was to provide direct-to-home voice, video, and data transmissions to countries between central Europe and the Indian subcontinent, through its 32 "BSS- and FSS-bands" transponders, after parking over 42 deg-E longitude (replacing the aging Turksat 1C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 42 deg E in 2001 As of 4 September 2001 located at 41.96 deg E drifting at 0.016 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 42.03E drifting at 0.008E degrees per day.
2002 -
2007 - 04:16 GMT - Launch Site: Sriharikota. Launch Complex: PSLV. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: PSLV. Model: PSLV. LV Configuration: PSLV-C7.
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SRE-1 Nation: India. Mass: 550 kg (1,210 lb). Class: Technology. Type: Re-entry. Spacecraft: SRE. Perigee: 620 km (380 mi). Apogee: 643 km (399 mi). Inclination: 97.90 deg. Period: 97.40 min. COSPAR: 2007-001C. USAF Sat Cat: 29711. India's Space Recovery Experiment-1 India's SRE-1 first lowered to its orbit to 485 km x 643 km on January 20.
A 10-minute deorbit burn began at 03:30 GMT on January 22, with re-entry beginning at 04:07 and a successful
splashdown at 04:16 GMT in the Bay of Bengal near 13.3 N / 81.4E. The capsule was successfully recovered by the Indian Navy. The capsule returned two microgravity payloads as well as proving basic technologies for any eventual Indian manned space program. It was also announced that the capsule could be used to orbit further microgravity payloads at low cost to customers.
Born on this day in:
- 1937 - Gene Nora Stumough. American Pilot Astronaut. Birth City: Springfield. Birth State: Illinois. Birth Country: USA.
Died on this day in: - 1970 - Pavel Ivanovich Belyayev
. Russian Pilot Cosmonaut. Cause of Death: Natural causes - Complications from stomach ulcer - pneumonia after stomach operation for an ulcer due to pancreatitis.
- 1989 - Earl D Hilburn. American Manager.
- 1989 - Valentin Petrovich Glushko. Russian Engineer.
- 1989 - Vladimir Andreyevich Vitka. Russian Engineer.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.
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