Vulkan

Super heavy-lift version of Energia with six strap-on boosters, and in-line upper stages and payloads. The concept was put on the back burner when Energia / Buran development begun.

Stage Data - Vulkan

• Stage 1. 6 x Vulkan 0. Gross Mass: 355,000 kg (782,000 lb). Empty Mass: 35,000 kg (77,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 7,891.010 kN (1,773,970 lbf). Isp: 336 sec. Burn time: 130 sec. Isp(sl): 309 sec. Diameter: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Span: 3.90 m (12.70 ft). Length: 39.00 m (127.00 ft). Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-170. Status: Study 1975. Comments: Original design of Energia strap-ons, for use with Vulkan booster for manned lunar expedition. Ultimately derived from R-56 of 1961.

• Stage 2. 1 x Vulkan 1. Gross Mass: 800,000 kg (1,760,000 lb). Empty Mass: 80,000 kg (176,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 7,450.000 kN (1,674,820 lbf). Isp: 452 sec. Burn time: 420 sec. Isp(sl): 351 sec. Diameter: 7.75 m (25.42 ft). Span: 8.00 m (26.20 ft). Length: 52.00 m (170.00 ft). Propellants: Lox/LH2. No Engines: 4. Engine: RD-0120. Status: Study 1975. Comments: Original version of Energia core as used on Vulkan booster, with in-line upper stages and payloads. Developed 1974-1976; cancelled when Energia / Buran development begun.

• Stage 3. 1 x Vulkan Blok V. Gross Mass: 142,000 kg (313,000 lb). Empty Mass: 15,000 kg (33,000 lb). Thrust (vac): 411.000 kN (92,396 lbf). Isp: 460 sec. Burn time: 1,370 sec. Diameter: 6.70 m (21.90 ft). Span: 6.70 m (21.90 ft). Length: 16.50 m (54.10 ft). Propellants: Lox/LH2. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-57M. Status: Study 1975. Comments: Upper stage design by KB Saturn for manned lunar expedition, large geosynchronous platform launch.