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DF-31

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KT-1 on Pad

AKA: CSS-9;Dong-Feng 31. Status: Active. First Launch: 1999-08-02. Last Launch: 2013-07-24. Number: 10 . Payload: 700 kg (1,540 lb). Gross mass: 20,000 kg (44,000 lb). Height: 11.00 m (36.00 ft). Diameter: 2.00 m (6.50 ft). Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

The missile was tested on the ground in 1995. Ejection tests from the transport-launch tube began in 1998. The first flight test took place on 1 August 1999. Deployment was not expected until 2005-2010.

Maximum range: 7,900 km (4,900 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Warhead yield: 250 KT. Boost Propulsion: Solid rocket. Initial Operational Capability: 1998.

KT-1 Chinese all-solid orbital launch vehicle. China's first solid propellant orbital launch vehicle was derived from the first and second stages of the DF-31 ICBM with a new solid third stage. The vehicle was named Kaituozhe-1 (Explorer-1) and was capable of putting 100 kg into polar orbits.

KT-2 Intermediate all-solid propellant Chinese launch vehicle. Model first displayed at Wuzhai in the fall of 2002. Evidently consists of new large diameter first stage motor, topped by the first two stages of the basic KT-1 vehicle. All figures are rough estimates.

KT-2A Heavy all-solid propellant Chinese launch vehicle. Model first displayed at Wuzhai in the fall of 2002. Consists of two parallel first-stage booster motors derived new the first stage motor of the KT-1, a larger-diameter core second stage motor like that of the KT-2, a new larger-diameter third stage motor, and an enormous new fairing. All figures are rough estimates.

DF-41 Chinese solid propellant, mobile ICBM. The DF-41 was a longer-range version of the DF-31.

Photo Gallery

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Chinese RV Shapes Chinese re-entry vehicle shapes, 1998. Credit: Richard D. Fisher, Jr

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• Test mission - . Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• China to Develop Solid Fuel Launch Vehicle - . Nation: China. China established the Space Solid Fuel Rocket Carrier Co., Ltd., to develop the new SLV-1 launch vehicle. This would be a mobile, partially reusable small space launcher..

• KT-1 solid rocket launcher - . Nation: China. China completed the overall design of the rocket engine that is to be used on its first all-solid space launch vehicle..

• Test mission - . Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• Solid Launcher Officially Named - . Nation: China. China's new solid small space launcher was officially named "Kaituozhe-1" (Explorer-1). The launcher would be capable of putting 100 kg into polar orbit and was scheduled to make its first flight in 2002..

• Kaituozhe-1 (KT-1) small launcher passes design review - . Nation: China. A 14-member review committee concluded that the overall design of the KT-1 launch vehicle was feasible and could meet the requirement for launching micro-sats. The project officially entered the engineering phase..

• Test mission - . Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• Kaituozhe 1 Third Stage Engine Successfully Tested - . Nation: China. The solid engine used on the third stage of the Kaituozhe 1 launch vehicle performed its first ground test firing. The test was successful and all parameters meet design specifications..

• Kaitozhe 1 First Commercial Launch in 2002 - . Nation: China. Kaituozhe 1's first commercial launch was scheduled for 2002..

• HTSTL-1 - . Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Nation: China. Manufacturer: Tsinghua. Class: Technology. Type: Navigation technology satellite. Spacecraft: HTSTL. First attempted launch of the all-solid-propellant KT-1 launch vehicle. The 50 kg test satellite, built by university students, was to have been placed in a 300 km polar orbit..

• Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• Kaituozhe 1 - . Payload: PS-2. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Nation: China. Spacecraft: HTSTL. Second attempted launch of KT-1. The launch was intended to place a 40 kg microsatellite called PS-2 into a 300 x 300 km polar orbit..

• Julang-2 - . Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi).

• MS-1? - . Nation: China. Agency: PLA2AC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

• Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• DF-31 test - . Nation: China. Agency: PRC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• RV - . Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test mission. Some sources claimed that it was a test of a new longer-range DF-41 ICBM.

• RV - . Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test mission..

• RV - . Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test mission..

• Nation: China. Agency: PLA2AC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• Kunpeng-7 - . Nation: China. Apogee: 30,000 km (18,000 mi).

  Magnetosphere mission. Said to be a very high altitude barium release experiment, but US Department of Defence stated it was a direct-ascent anti-geosynchronous satellite weapon test to an altitude of 30,000 km. Chinese officials stated it was a scientific mission with a payload launched to 10,000 km altitude consisting of a Langmuir probe, particle detectors, a magnetometer, and a barium cloud release.

• Nation: China. Agency: PLA2AC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

• RVs ? - . Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test flight..

• Pujiang-1 - . Mass: 300 kg (660 lb). Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Pujiang. USAF Sat Cat: 40925 . COSPAR: 2015-051A. Apogee: 487 km (302 mi). Perigee: 465 km (288 mi). Inclination: 97.30 deg. Period: 94.13 min.

  First launch of the CZ-11 solid-fuel, four-stage, light launch vehicle, though to be related to the DF-31 and DF-41 ICBMs. Pujiang, the Chinese Technology Experiment Satellite, was designed to promote the construction of smart cities in China, by monitoring urban weather, traffic and population density. It was the first Chinese satellite to use 3D printing for the titanium structure of its antenna. It included a Wi-Fi router providing a communication network between the three Tianwang cubesats released on the same launch.

• Shangkeda-2 - . Payload: TIANWANG 1C (TW-1C). Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 40926 . COSPAR: 2015-051B. Apogee: 485 km (301 mi). Perigee: 460 km (280 mi). Inclination: 97.30 deg. Period: 94.04 min.

  Part of the Tianwang constallation of three CubeSats for space networking experiments. Codeveloped by the Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites (SECM), the Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), GomSpace Denmark, Tekever Space Portugal and NanoSpace Sweden.

• NJUST-2 - . Payload: TIANWANG 1B (TW-1B). Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 40927 . COSPAR: 2015-051C. Apogee: 485 km (301 mi). Perigee: 462 km (287 mi). Inclination: 97.31 deg. Period: 94.07 min.

• NJFA-1 - . Payload: TIANWANG 1A (TW-1A). Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 40928 . COSPAR: 2015-051D. Apogee: 485 km (301 mi). Perigee: 463 km (287 mi). Inclination: 97.29 deg. Period: 94.08 min.

• DF-41 RVs? - . Nation: China. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test mission..

• Maichong Xing SW - . Payload: XPNAV-1. Nation: China. Class: Astronomy. Type: Astronomy satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 41841 . COSPAR: 2016-066A. Apogee: 512 km (318 mi). Perigee: 493 km (306 mi). Inclination: 97.40 deg.

  Second launch of the small solid-fuel CZ-11 launch vehicle from Jiuquan. It carried the 240 kg Maichong Xing Shiyan Weixing (Pulse Star Experimental Satellite) which will test the concept of navigation using the signals from X-ray millisecond pulsars. These compact stars spin hundreds of times a second and the X-ray flashes from their magnetic poles swishing past us at that high rate can be used as a very accurate clock, the key component of a GPS-like navigation system. The concept was developed some years ago by the NRL team and it was hoped to use it in future US space systems. The launch also carried four cubesat-class payloads.

• Xiaioxiang-1 - . Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 41842 . COSPAR: 2016-066B. Apogee: 511 km (317 mi). Perigee: 492 km (305 mi). Inclination: 97.40 deg. From Tianyi Research Institute in Changsha, a 6U cubesat with a precision attitude control system experiment intended for future astronomy missions..

• Lishui 1-01 - . Nation: China. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. USAF Sat Cat: 41843 . COSPAR: 2016-066C. Apogee: 511 km (317 mi). Perigee: 491 km (305 mi). Inclination: 97.40 deg. Imaging satellite launched to begin a commercial constellation for Zhejiang LiYi Electronic Technology Co..

• KS-1Q - . Nation: China. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. USAF Sat Cat: 41844 . COSPAR: 2016-066D. Apogee: 511 km (317 mi). Perigee: 491 km (305 mi). Inclination: 97.40 deg. Instrument package, attached to the CZ-11 final stage, measured the launch vehicle environment..

• CAS-2T - . Nation: China. Class: Surveillance. Type: Surveillance satellite. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 41844 . COSPAR: 2016-066D. Apogee: 511 km (317 mi). Perigee: 491 km (305 mi). Inclination: 97.40 deg. Amateur radio payload in a 1U cubesat; remained attached to the launch vehicle..

• Tiankun-1 - . Payload: TK-1. Nation: China. Class: Technology. Type: Technology satellite. USAF Sat Cat: 42061 . COSPAR: 2017-012A. Apogee: 404 km (251 mi). Perigee: 373 km (231 mi). Inclination: 96.90 deg.

  See Tiankun 1. China's CASIC missile agency launched the KT-2, a new orbital launch vehicle developed by CASIC's 4th Academy. It placed a small satellite, Tiankun-1, in orbit. Tiankun 1, built by the CASIC 2nd Academy (CCMETA), was a test of a new satellite bus and probably has a mass of a few hundred kg.

• Hunan xiangjian xinqu hao - . Payload: Tianyi-2; XIAOXIANG 2. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43155 . COSPAR: 2018-008A. Apogee: 547 km (339 mi). Perigee: 520 km (320 mi). Inclination: 97.50 deg. Period: 95.31 min. See Jilin-1 Video-07 (Deqing 1). ..

• Huai'an hao Enlai xing - . Payload: Huia'an; ZHOU ENLAI. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43156 . COSPAR: 2018-008B. Apogee: 546 km (339 mi). Perigee: 524 km (325 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.34 min. See Zhou Enlai (HA 1). ..

• KIPP - . Payload: Kepler-0; KEPLER-0 (KIPP). Nation: Canada. USAF Sat Cat: 43157 . COSPAR: 2018-008C. Apogee: 548 km (340 mi). Perigee: 524 km (325 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.36 min. See KIPP. ..

• Quan Tu Tong 1 - . Payload: Tianyi-6; QUANTUTONG 1. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43158 . COSPAR: 2018-008D. Apogee: 547 km (339 mi). Perigee: 525 km (326 mi). Inclination: 97.50 deg. Period: 95.36 min. See Jilin-1 Video-07 (Deqing 1). ..

• Jilin-1 Shipin 7 - . Payload: LSC Weixing 7; JILIN-01-07. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43159 . COSPAR: 2018-008E. Apogee: 548 km (340 mi). Perigee: 527 km (327 mi). Inclination: 97.50 deg. Period: 95.38 min. See Jilin-1 Video-07 (Deqing 1). ..

• Jilin-1 Shipin 8 - . Payload: LSC Weixing 8; JILIN-01-08. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43160 . COSPAR: 2018-008F. Apogee: 545 km (338 mi). Perigee: 529 km (328 mi). Inclination: 97.50 deg. Period: 95.38 min. See Jilin-1 Video-08 (Jilin Linye 2). ..

• Qingkeda 1 - . Payload: OHS-01; ZHUHAI-1 OHS-01. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43439 . COSPAR: 2018-040A. Apogee: 520 km (320 mi). Perigee: 503 km (312 mi). Inclination: 97.38 deg. Period: 94.85 min. See OVS 2A. ..

• OVS-2 - . Payload: Zhuhai-1 Group 2; ZHUHAI-1 OVS-02. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43440 . COSPAR: 2018-040B. Apogee: 520 km (320 mi). Perigee: 503 km (312 mi). Inclination: 97.38 deg. Period: 94.85 min. See OVS 2A. ..

• OHS-1 02 xing - . Payload: OHS-02; ZHUHAI-1 OHS-02. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43441 . COSPAR: 2018-040C. Apogee: 520 km (320 mi). Perigee: 503 km (312 mi). Inclination: 97.39 deg. Period: 94.85 min. See OHS 2A (Qingkeda 1). ..

• Guiyang-1 - . Payload: OHS-03; ZHUHAI-1 OHS-03. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43442 . COSPAR: 2018-040D. Apogee: 517 km (321 mi). Perigee: 506 km (314 mi). Inclination: 97.38 deg. Period: 94.85 min. See OHS 2C (Guiyang 1). ..

• OHS-1 04 xing - . Payload: OHS-04; ZHUHAI-1 OHS-04. Nation: China. USAF Sat Cat: 43443 . COSPAR: 2018-040E. Apogee: 515 km (320 mi). Perigee: 508 km (315 mi). Inclination: 97.38 deg. Period: 94.85 min. See OHS 2D. ..

• Honygun GJYW - . Nation: China. Type: Comms 1. USAF Sat Cat: 43871 . COSPAR: 2018-108A. Apogee: 1,078 km (669 mi). Perigee: 1,061 km (659 mi). Inclination: 99.92 deg. Period: 106.61 min. See Hongyun 1. 0600LT SSO..

• Lingque 1 A xing - . Nation: China. Type: Imaging 0. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 43942 . COSPAR: 2019-005A. Apogee: 539 km (334 mi). Perigee: 516 km (320 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.19 min. See Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-01 (Jilin Lincao-1). 6U cubesat for Beijing ZeroG Lab Ltd.for onboard detection of moving ground targets. 1200LT SSO..

• Jilin Lincao 1 - . Nation: China. Type: Imaging 0. USAF Sat Cat: 43943 . COSPAR: 2019-005B. Apogee: 540 km (330 mi). Perigee: 522 km (324 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.25 min. See Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-02 (Wenchang Chaosun 1). Hyperspectral imager; primary mission was forestry support. 1200LT SSO..

• Qingteng Zhi Xing - . Payload: XX-1-03; Xiaoxiang-1-03. Nation: China. Type: Imaging 0. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 43944 . COSPAR: 2019-005C. Apogee: 539 km (334 mi). Perigee: 523 km (324 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.26 min. 6U cubesat. Joint mission between Tianyi Research and the online Qingteng University business school. 1200LT SSO.

• Wenchang Chaosuan 1 - . Nation: China. Type: Imaging 0. USAF Sat Cat: 43946 . COSPAR: 2019-005E. Apogee: 539 km (334 mi). Perigee: 517 km (321 mi). Inclination: 97.51 deg. Period: 95.19 min. See Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-02 (Wenchang Chaosun 1). Hyperspectral imager; co-sponsored by the Hainan Modern Technology Group and its Wenchang supercomputer project. 1200LT SSO..