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Thuraya

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These would use local cellular phone networks where available, and direct links to the Thuraya satellites where not. The lightweight handsets provided satellite, cellular (GSM) service, and location determination system (GPS). The dynamic handset offered voice, data, fax and short messaging services. The original satellite series was a turnkey project was built by US satellite manufacturer Boeing Satellite Systems (formerly Hughes).

• Thuraya 1 - . Payload: BSS-GEM. Mass: 5,108 kg (11,261 lb). Nation: UAE. Agency: Thuraya. Manufacturer: El Segundo. Program: Thuraya. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: HS 702. USAF Sat Cat: 26578 . COSPAR: 2000-066A. Apogee: 35,808 km (22,250 mi). Perigee: 35,764 km (22,222 mi). Inclination: 5.20 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min.

  Mobile Communications satellite. Launch delayed from September 18 and October 19. Stationed at 44 deg E. The first Boeing GEM satellite, Thuraya 1, was built by Boeing/El Segundo (formerly Hughes). It was based on the HS-702 design but featured a large 12-m diameter truss antenna for L-band mobile telephone service. Launch mass of Thuraya was 5108 kg; dry mass probably around 3000 kg. The satellite was to be delivered after on orbit testing to Etisalat, the Emirates Telecom Corp of Abu Dhabi, and its Thuraya Satellite subsidiary. Thuraya was launched from the Odyssey platform in the Pacific Ocean positioned on the equator at 154 deg W. The two-stage Yuzhnoe Zenit core delivered Thuraya and its Energiya Blok DM-SL upper stage to a -2212 x 182 km suborbital trajectory. The first DM-SL burn placed the stack in a 180 x 200 km x 6.3 deg parking orbit at 0604 GMT; a second burn at 0733 GMTput Thuraya in a 210 x 35891 km x 6.3 deg geostationary transfer orbit. A later depletion burn lowered the DM-SL stage perigee to 180 km, as burns by Thuraya's liquid engine raised it towards geosynchronous orbit. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 44 deg E in 2000. As of 5 September 2001 located at 44.22 deg E drifting at 0.003 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 98.57E drifting at 0.007W degrees per day.

• Thuraya 2 - . Payload: BSS-GEM. Mass: 5,177 kg (11,413 lb). Nation: UAE. Agency: Thuraya. Manufacturer: El Segundo. Program: Thuraya. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: HS 702. USAF Sat Cat: 27825 . COSPAR: 2003-026A. Apogee: 35,806 km (22,248 mi). Perigee: 35,766 km (22,223 mi). Inclination: 5.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. The Boeing 'GEM' spacecraft was a modified BSS-702 with a 12 m wide antenna for L-band mobile communications. Launch delayed from January 20, then April 4. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 43.94E drifting at 0.004E degrees per day..

• Thuraya 3 - . Payload: BSS-GEM. Mass: 5,173 kg (11,404 lb). Nation: UAE. Agency: Thuraya. Manufacturer: Boeing. Program: Thuraya. Class: Communications. Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: HS 702. USAF Sat Cat: 32404 . COSPAR: 2008-001A. Apogee: 35,820 km (22,250 mi). Perigee: 35,756 km (22,217 mi). Inclination: 6.20 deg. Period: 1,436.20 min.

  Launch vehicle return-to-flight after on-pad explosion one year earlier damaged launch platform. The satellite was positioned at 98.5 degrees East Longitude to provide L-band and C-band mobile voice, broadband, maritime, rural telephony, and fleet management to Thuraya subscribers. Design lifetime of 12 years.