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HS 702
ViaSat 2
ViaSat 2
Credit: Manufacturer Image
American communications satellite bus. In October 1995 Hughes Space and Communications Company announced a new communications satellite bus, the HS 702, evolved from the HS 601 and HS 601HP (high-power). The HS 702 could carry up to 118 high-power transponders, of which 94 were active and 24 were spares, and deliver any communications frequencies that customers requested. The company was later acquired by Boeing, which redesignated the bus BSS 702.

Status: Operational 1999. First Launch: 1999-03-28. Last Launch: 2015-10-02. Number: 38 . Gross mass: 5,200 kg (11,400 lb).

After the payload was tailored to customer specifications, the payload module mounted to the common bus module at only four locations and with only six electrical connectors. This design simplicity conferred major advantages. First, non-recurring program costs were reduced, because the bus did not need to be changed for every payload, and payloads could be freely tailored without affecting the bus. Second, the design permitted significantly faster parallel bus and payload processing. This led to the third advantage: a short production schedule.

Further efficiency derived from the HS 702's xenon ion propulsion system (XIPS), which Hughes pioneered. XIPS was 10 times more efficient than the conventional liquid fuel systems. Four 25-cm thrusters provided economical station-keeping, needing only 5 kg of fuel per year. Using XIPS for final orbit insertion conserved even more mass. Customers could apply the weight savings to substantially increase the revenue-generating payload at small marginal cost, to prolong service life, or to change to a less expensive launch vehicle (where cost was based on satellite weight).

The HS 702 also incorporated a bipropellant propulsion system, which could lift the satellite into final orbit after separation from the launch vehicle. The bipropellant system had a fuel capacity of 1750 kg. Multiple major payloads or missions could fly on the same spacecraft. Also, customers could share the 1200-kg payload capacity with other customers, reducing launch and ground station operating costs for each participant.

The spacecraft was adaptable to medium earth and geostationary orbits. Innovative modularity extended to the HS 702 power system as well. A catalogue of standard configurations offered six different solar array arrangements, with up to five panels of solar cells per wing. As a new feature on the HS 702, angled solar reflector panels along both sides of the wings formed a shallow trough and concentrated the sun's rays on the solar cells. At the end of life, the arrays generate up to 15 kW, depending on customer payload selections. The Hughes-proprietary dual-junction gallium arsenide solar cells supplied twice the power of silicon cells at end of life. The cells were developed by Spectrolab, a Hughes Electronics Corporation subsidiary. The integrated power controller, which controlled and distributed electrical power from the solar arrays to the spacecraft, was also modular so it could be matched to the required power level. Finally, for sustained power during eclipses, the nickel-hydrogen battery comprised two kinds of cells at two power ranges, available in multiple configurations of up to 60 cells distributed in four packs.

Separating the bus and payload thermal environments and substantially enlarging the heat radiators achieved a cooler, more stable thermal environment for both bus and payload. This increased unit reliability over service life. The deployable radiators used flexible heat pipes, which increased the packageable radiator area. Further thermal control occurred through passive primary rejection via heat pipes. The HS 702 could accommodate east-west mounted antennas up to 9 feet, 4 inches in diameter, as well as a generous earth-facing array. Viewed from above, the HS 702 was rectangular. This shape left more room in a circular fairing for stowing antennas than a square spacecraft would. The additional space on the east and west sides could be used for large-aperture (and hence high-gain) antennas in various configurations. This space also enabled the antennas to retain simple, reliable, single-axis deployments.

The baseline HS 702 was compatible with all available launch vehicles. These included the Atlas II family, Delta III, Ariane 4 and 5, Long March 3B, Proton, Sea Launch, and H-II. Some customer choices affect launch vehicle options. For example, selecting a maximum-power HS 702 configuration could increase spacecraft mass and height (the extra heat dissipation equipment needed makes the satellite slightly taller), dictating use of a larger launch vehicle.

Deployed length 40.9 m maximum Payload mass up to 1200 kg. Launch mass up to 5200 kg. Stowed width, including solar panels 2.0 x 3.2 m. Stowed height (bus and payload, excluding nadir antennas) 3.6 m.

The first customer for the HS 702 was Hughes Communications, Inc., which merged with PanAmSat Corporation in May 1997 to create the world's largest privately owned communications satellite company. The HS 702 was chosen for the Galaxy and PAS fleet, to expand video distribution, telephony, and data services in North and Latin America. As of March 1999, Hughes had received orders for nine of these spacecraft: three from PanAmSat Corporation, two from XM Satellite Radio, Inc., one from Telesat Canada, and three for Spaceway..

Major problems in orbit with the solar-concentrator power generation option led to abandonment of this feature in later versions of the bus.


More at: HS 702.

Subtopics

Galaxy 11 Communication satellite built by Boeing for PanAmSat, USA. Launched 1999. Used the BSS-702 bus.

Thuraya 1 Communication satellite built by Hughes for Thuraya Satellite Telecommunications Co., UAE. Launched 2000. Used the HS-GEM (Geomobile) bus.

PAS 1R Communication satellite built by Hughes / Boeing for PanAmSat, USA. Launched 2000. Used the BSS-702 bus.

Anik F1 Communication satellite built by Boeing for Telesat Canada, Canada. Launched 2000. Used the BSS-702 bus.

XM 1, 2 (XM Rock, Roll) Null

Galaxy 3C Communication satellite built by Boeing for PanAmSat, USA. Launched 2002. Used the BSS-702 bus.

Thuraya 2, 3 Communication satellite built by Boeing for Thuraya Satellite Telecommunications Co., UAE. Launched 2003 - 2008. Used the BSS-GEM (Geomobile) bus.

Anik F2 Communication satellite built by Boeing for Telesat Canada, Canada. Launched 2004. Used the BSS-702 bus.

XM 3, 4 (XM Rhythm, Blues) Null

Spaceway Series of heavy communications satellites for DirecTV. Used the HS 702 bus. Communication satellite built by Boeing for DirecTV (#1, #2); Hughes Network Systems (#3), USA. Launched 2005 - 2007. Used the BSS-702 bus.

NSS 8 Communication satellite built by Boeing for SES New Skies, Netherlands. Launched 2007. Used the BSS-702 bus.

DirecTV 10, 11, 12 Communication satellite built by Boeing (BSS) for DirecTV, USA. Launched 2007 - 2009. Used the BSS-702 bus.

WGS 1, 2, 3 (WGS Block 1) Null

SkyTerra 1, 2 (MSV 1, 2, SA) Null

WGS 4, 5, 6, 7 (WGS Block 2) Null

Intelsat 22 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, USA. Launched 2012. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

Intelsat 21 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, USA. Launched 2012. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

Intelsat 27 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, USA. Launched 2013. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

Inmarsat-5 F1, 2, 3, 4 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Inmarsat, International. Launched 2013 - 2017. Used the BSS-702HP bus.

ABS 3A Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Asia Broadcast Satellite (ABS), China. Launched 2015. Used the BSS-702SP bus.

Eutelsat 115 West B (SATMEX 7) Null

MEXSAT 1, 2 (Centenario, Morelos 3) Null

Intelsat 29e Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, USA. Launched 2016. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

SES 9 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for SES World Skies, USA. Launched 2016. Used the BSS-702HP bus.

ABS 2A (MongolSat 1) Null

Eutelsat 117 West B (SATMEX 9) Null

Intelsat 33e Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, USA. Launched 2016. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

WGS 8, 9, 10 (WGS Block 2 Follow-On) Null

ABS 8 Communicationsatellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Asia Broadcast Satellite (ABS). Used the BSS-702SP bus.

AMOS 17 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Spacecom Ltd., Israel. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

APMT 1, 2 Communicationsatellite built by Hughes for Asia-Pacific Mobile Telecommunications Satellite (APMT) Pte. Ltd.. Used the HS-GEM (Geomobile) bus.

GiSAT 1 Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Global IP, Cayman Islands. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

Horizons 3e Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat, SKY Perfect JSAT, USA. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

Intelsat 35e Communicationsatellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for Intelsat. Used the BSS-702MP bus.

JCSat 18 / Kacific 1 Null

SES 15 Communicationsatellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for SES World Skies. Used the BSS-702SP bus.

Silkwave 1 (NYBBSat 1) Null

Skyterra GeoMobile class satellite with a 22-meter L-band reflector. Used the HS 702 bus.

ViaSat 2 Communicationsatellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems for ViaSat Inc.. Used the BSS-702HP bus.

ViaSat 3 Americas, Asia, EMEA Communication satellite built by Boeing Satellite Systems (bus); ViaSat Inc. (payload) for ViaSat Inc., USA. Used the BSS-702HP bus.

WGS USAF Wideband Global Satcom satellite, designed to replace the DSCS series. The satellite carried X-band and Ka-band communications payloads. Used the HS 702 bus.

Family: Communications, Geosynchronous orbit, Sea-Launched, Technology. Country: USA. Launch Vehicles: Proton, Ariane, Ariane 44L, Ariane 5, Ariane 5G, Zenit-3SL, Atlas V, Proton-M/Briz-M, Delta IV, Ariane 5ECA, Ariane 5Gp, Atlas V 421, Delta 4M+(5,4), Falcon 9 v1.1, Falcon 9. Projects: DirecTV, Galaxy, Intelsat, Thuraya. Launch Sites: Cape Canaveral, Baikonur, Cape Canaveral LC17B, Cape Canaveral LC37B, Cape Canaveral LC40, Cape Canaveral LC41, Kourou, Baikonur LC200/39, Kourou ELA2, Kourou ELA3, Kiritimati. Agency: Hughes. Bibliography: 2, 296, 444, 552, 554, 12604, 12605, 12606, 12607, 12608, 12609, 12610, 12611, 12612, 12613, 12614, 12615, 12616, 12617, 12618, 12619, 12620, 12621, 12622.
Photo Gallery

ABS 2ABS 2
Credit: Manufacturer Image


ABS-3AABS-3A
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ABS 8ABS 8
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Anik F1Anik F1
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Anik F2Anik F2
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APMT 1APMT 1
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DirecTV-10DirecTV-10
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Galaxy 11Galaxy 11
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Galaxy 3CGalaxy 3C
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Inmarsat 5 F1Inmarsat 5 F1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Intelsat 29eIntelsat 29e
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Intelsat 33eIntelsat 33e
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Intelsat 35eIntelsat 35e
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Intelsat IS-21Intelsat IS-21
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Intelsat IS-27Intelsat IS-27
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Mexsat-1Mexsat-1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Skyterra 1Skyterra 1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


NSS 8NSS 8
Credit: Manufacturer Image


PAS 1RPAS 1R
Credit: Manufacturer Image


SES 9SES 9
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Spaceway 1Spaceway 1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Thuraya 1Thuraya 1
Credit: Manufacturer Image


Thuraya 2Thuraya 2
Credit: Manufacturer Image


USA 195USA 195
Credit: Manufacturer Image


USA 233USA 233
Credit: Manufacturer Image


XM-1 RollXM-1 Roll
Credit: Manufacturer Image


XM-3XM-3
Credit: Manufacturer Image


DemoSatDemoSat
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DemoSatDemoSat
Credit: Manufacturer Image



1995 October - .
1999 March 28 - . 01:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
1999 December 22 - . 00:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44L.
2000 October 21 - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2000 November 16 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5G.
2000 November 21 - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44L.
2001 March 18 - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2001 May 8 - . 22:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2002 June 15 - . 22:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2003 June 10 - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2004 July 18 - . 00:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5Gp.
2005 March 1 - . 03:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2005 April 26 - . 07:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2005 November 16 - . 23:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5ECA.
2006 October 30 - . 23:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2007 January 30 - . 23:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL. FAILURE: First stage exploded just after ignition, damaging launch platform.. Failed Stage: 1.
2007 July 7 - . 01:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2007 August 14 - . 23:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5ECA.
2007 October 11 - . 00:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. Launch Pad: SLC41. LV Family: Atlas V. Launch Vehicle: Atlas V 421.
2008 January 15 - . 11:49 GMT - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: KIR. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2008 March 19 - . 22:48 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Pad: 0.0 N x 154.0 W. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2009 April 4 - . 08:34 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. Launch Pad: SLC41. LV Family: Atlas V. Launch Vehicle: Atlas V 421.
2009 December 6 - . 01:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Pad: SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2009 December 29 - . 00:22 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2010 November 14 - . 17:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2012 January 20 - . 00:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Pad: SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2012 March 25 - . 12:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2012 August 19 - . 06:55 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL.
2013 February 1 - . 06:56 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiritimati. Launch Platform: Odyssey. LV Family: Zenit. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-3SL. FAILURE: A first-stage hydraulic pump failure 4 seconds after launch led to shut down 20 seconds later. The vehicle, with the Intelsat communications satellite, impacted the Pacific Ocean 56 seconds after launch.. Failed Stage: 1.
2013 May 25 - . 00:27 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Pad: SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2013 August 8 - . 00:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC17B. Launch Pad: SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2013 December 8 - . 12:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. Launch Pad: LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2015 February 1 - . 12:31 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2015 March 2 - . 03:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC40. Launch Pad: Cape Canaveral SLC40. LV Family: Falcon. Launch Vehicle: Falcon 9 v1.1.
2015 May 16 - . 05:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M. FAILURE: Malfunction of the third stage vernier engine 8 minutes into flight led to a premature shutdown and impact of stage 3, Briz-M and payload in the Chita region between Lake Baikal and the Chinese border.. Failed Stage: 3.
2015 July 24 - . 00:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2015 August 28 - . 11:44 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/39. Launch Pad: Baikonur LC200. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-M/Briz-M.
2015 October 2 - . 10:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC41. LV Family: Atlas V. Launch Vehicle: Atlas V 421.
2016 January 27 - . 23:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5ECA.
2016 June 15 - . 14:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC40. Launch Pad: Cape Canaveral SLC40. LV Family: Falcon. Launch Vehicle: Falcon 9 v1.2.
2016 August 24 - . 22:16 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA3. LV Family: Ariane 5. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5ECA.
2016 December 7 - . 23:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Pad: Cape Canaveral SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).
2017 March 19 - . 00:18 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC37B. Launch Pad: Cape Canaveral SLC37B. LV Family: Delta IV. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4M+(5,4).

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