| Filipchenko | ||
Personal: Male, Married, Two children. Born in Davydovka, Voronezh, Russia. Soviet Air Force Graduated from Air Force Military Academy, Monino, 1961. In 1987 he earned the candidate of military sciences degree. Soviet Air Force Major General, Soviet Air Force Astronaut Career Astronaut Group: Air Force Group 2 - 1963. Inactive Entered space service: 8 January 1963. Left space service: 26 January 1982. Number of Flights: 2.00. Total Time: 10.88 days. Cosmonaut training January 1963 - 21 January 1965. Call sign: Buran (Snowstorm). Deputy Director, OKB (Experimental Design Bureau), Kharkov. Retired in 1993.
Filipchenko Spaceflight Log
Filipchenko Chronology 8 January 1963 - 15 new cosmonauts are selected.. The new trainees include one from the VMF Navy Aviation, two from the PVO Air Defence, four from the RVSN Strategic Rocket Forces, and eight from the VVS Air Force. 10 January 1963 - Soviet Air Force Cosmonaut Training Group 2 selected.. The group was selected to provide astronauts for the Soyuz manned spaceflight program.. Qualifications: Military pilots, engineers, or navigators under 40 years of age; graduate of military academy or civilian university; under 170 cm tall; under 70 kg in weight.. 1965 July - Spiral cosmonaut team formed. In 1965 the advanced project of the Mikoyan Spiral aerospace system was approved. The ambitious work plan indicted operation of a regular earth-orbit-earth reusable transportation system by the mid-1970's. With Gherman Titov as its head, a Spiral cosmonaut training group was formed (Titov, Dobrovolskiy, Filipchenko, Kuklin, Matinchenko) to train to fly the spaceplane. 2 September 1965 - Spiral cosmonaut team changes. The was team now consisted of Titov, Beregovoy, Filipchenko, Kuklin, and Shatalov. 23 November 1965 - Spiral spaceplane. Gagarin, Belyayev, and Leonov are preparing for a meeting with Brezhnev. Nothing controversial is to be raised. The real issue now is to develop a winged, manned orbital spacecraft, and a winged booster stage for space launches. This will be essential to future manned military activities. Mikoyan's MiG bureau has been working on the orbital spaceplane, and Tupolev the winged booster stage. Titov, Filipchenko, and Matinchenko and a few other cosmonauts will coordinate with Mikoyan on development of the spaceplane design. 2 September 1966 - Cosmonaut military program training groups. Flight: Soyuz 7K-L1 mission 1, Soyuz 7K-L1 mission 2, Soyuz 7K-L1 mission 3, Soviet Lunar Landing, Voskhod 3, Soyuz 1, Soyuz 2A, Soyuz 3A, Soyuz 4A, Soyuz 5A. Kamanin organises the cosmonauts into the following training groups:
15 January 1969 - Soyuz 5. Assignment: Backup Crew. Flight: Soyuz 5, Soyuz 4/5. At 3 am an An-12 arrives from Moscow with ten newspapers, and letters for Shatalov, to be delivered by the Soyuz 5 crew to him as the first 'space mail'. At 05:15 the State Commission convened and approved launch at 10:04:30. The countdown proceeds normally; meanwhile communications sessions are held with Shatalov on Soyuz 4. The commission is taken by automobile convoy from Area 2, to Area 17, where the Soyuz 5 crew declares itself ready for flight. At T-25 minutes, with the crew already aboard the spacecraft, a piece of electrical equipment fails and needs to be replaced. Engineer-Captain Viktor Vasilyevich Alyeshin goes to the fuelled booster and replaces it. While doing this he notices that the access hatch has been secured with only three bolts, instead of the four required. Nevertheless the launch proceeds successfully. After Soyuz 5 is in orbit, it and Soyuz 4 begin their mutual series of manoeuvres for rendezvous and docking. Officially the flight conducted scientific, technical and medico-biological research, checking and testing of onboard systems and design elements of space craft, docking of piloted space craft and construction of an experimental space station, transfer of cosmonauts from one craft to another in orbit. 26 April 1969 - Soyuz program review. Flight: Soyuz 5, Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8, Soyuz n 17, Soyuz n 18, Soyuz n 19, Soyuz n 20. The commission considers plans for the rest of the Soyuz production. Spacecraft s/n 14, 15, and 16 are to fly in August 1969, 17 and 18 in November 1969, and 19 and 20 in February-March 1970. Crews selected for the August flights are: for spacecraft 14, Shonin and Kubasov; for 15, Filipchenko, Volkov, and Gorbatko; for 16, Nikolayev and Sevastyanov. Back-ups will be Kuklin, Grechko, and Kolodin. All of the spacecraft will fly 4 to 5 day missions. Spacecraft 15 and 16 will dock and remain together 2 or 3 days to form an 'orbital station'. Experiments planned for the flight are:
Spacecraft 17 through 20 will fly 15 to 16 day missions to demonstrate the new SZhO life support system for the L3, and conduct rendezvous and docking operations using the L3's Kontakt system. The results of the State Commission on the failure of the Soyuz 5 SA capsule to ...more... 12 October 1969 - Soyuz 7. Assignment: Prime Crew. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Tested spacecraft systems and designs, manoeuvring of space craft with respect to each other in orbit, conducted scientific, technical and medico-biological experiments in group flight. Was to have docked with Soyuz 8 and transferred crew while Soyuz 6 took film from nearby. However failure of rendezvous electronics in all three craft due to a new helium pressurization integrity test prior to the mission did not permit successful rendezvous and dockings. Rain all night at the cosmodrome, but clearing at dawn. Kamanin's bosses Mozzhorin ...more... 14 October 1969 - Soyuz 7-8 docking problem. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Orbital manoeuvres for the Soyuz 7-8 docking have proceeded normally. The automated rendezvous system is supposed to kick in when the spacecraft are 250 km apart. The plan is that Soyuz 7 and 8 will dock while Soyuz 6 observes from only 50 m away. However when Soyuz 7 and 8 are only a kilometre apart, the Igla automated docking system fails. The crews could conduct a manual rendezvous, but the this is not allowed by the technical flight controller. After analysis Mishin agrees to the manual docking, but by this time the spacecraft ...more... 15 October 1969 - Second attempt to dock Soyuz 7 & 8 - rendezvous of Soyuz 6 with Soyuz 8. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Following an orbital correction during the night, Soyuz 7 and 8 are expected to be less than 1 km from each other when communications are regained at 9 am. Instead they are 40 km apart. It will require two more orbits over Soviet territory to refine the tracking of the spacecraft and recalculate the necessary rendezvous manoeuvres. By 12:40 they are 1700 m apart and the crews begin the manual rendezvous manoeuvre. Shatalov fires his engines four times, but in the absence of any indication to the pilot of range to the target, he could not get into a position for a safe docking. He withdraws to a safe distance. The flight engineers aboard he spacecraft could actually see each other at the closest ...more... 16 October 1969 - Landing of Soyuz 6 - further attempts to dock Soyuz 7 and 8. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Soyuz 6 lands successfully at 09:52 GM, coming to rest in a vertical position. A recovery helicopter lands 10 minutes later, finding the cosmonauts have already emerged from the capsule. After the landing of Soyuz 6 there are two further attempts to dock Soyuz 7 and Soyuz 8, but they fail due to large errors in the ballistic calculations of the manoeuvres necessary to correct their orbits. 17 October 1969 - Landing of Soyuz 7. Assignment: Return Crew. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. The landing commission meets at the command post at 08:00. Soyuz 7 is to land on orbit 97, beginning a 95 m/s retrofire impulse at 11:44:11. The main parachute is to deploy at 12:12:34. All is reported normal aboard the spacecraft, except that the Soyuz 7 warning light panel shows 'ASP' - automatic landing sequence. Despite this, Soyuz 7 landed successfully at 09:26 GMT. There can be only two reasons for this light to illuminate. Either it comes on ...more... 20 October 1969 - Weight loss of Soyuz 6-7-8 crew. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. The medical reports show all the cosmonauts lost 1.5 to 3.5 kg during the flight (with Filipchenko having the greatest loss). However Kamanin plays tennis with Gorbatko, Shonin, and Volkov just two days after the flight. They show no apparent ill effects of zero-G. 21 October 1969 - Cosmonaut press conference at Baikonur. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. The cosmonauts hold a press conference on their flight. They are only allowed to speak one of ten prepared responses to questions, despite Kamanin's objections. 22 October 1969 - Cosmonauts arrive in Moscow. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. The cosmonauts fly from Baikonur to Moscow, escorted by six MiG-21 fighters to Vnukovo airfield, where they receive honours all around, followed by meetings with reporters. Brezhnev was no there - he was on his way to Baikonur to observe the Tyulpan ICBM exercise. 23 October 1969 - Cosmonauts feted at TsKBEM. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Traditional meeting between the cosmonauts and the engineers and workers at TsKBEM. They are quizzed on the flight failures, followed by dinner and toasts. Kamanin tells Afanasyev that instead of messing about with the N1-L3, they should build 8 to 10 more Soyuz and fly, fly, fly -- it is the only way to develop reliable systems. The Ministry of Defence needs a long-range plan of sustained flights of 5 to 6 spacecraft per year. All 300 present applaud the speech, except Mishin, who is against a new series of Soyuz spacecraft. 6 November 1969 - Cosmonaut photo sessions.. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. The day is spent in photo sessions with the cosmonauts in various ministries. 10 November 1969 - Cosmonauts in demand.. Flight: Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8. Certain generals want the cosmonauts to appear at a meeting. Kamanin is forced to pull them out of follow-up physical examinations for the task. 1 June 1970 - Soyuz 9. Assignment: Backup Crew. Flight: Soyuz 9. Manned flight endurance test. Medico-biological, scientific and technical studies and experiments in prolonged orbital flight. Inconclusive results due to slow sun-oriented rotation of spacecraft to conserve fuel producing motion sickness in cosmonauts. Weather on launch day is 25 deg C temperatures, 5 m/s winds. Kamanin meets with ...more... 12 June 1971 - Soyuz 11 Day 7. Flight: Soyuz 11. Launch, docking, and the first five days of work by the Soyuz 11 crew aboard the Salyut 1 station proceeded with virtually no failures whatsoever. Cosmonauts Filipchenko, Lavarev, and Vorobyov will fly with Kamanin to Yevpatoriya to act as capcoms and cosmonaut centre liaisons for the rest of the mission. 15 June 1971 - Soyuz Kontakt and DOS-2 crew assignments made.. Flight: Soyuz 11, Soyuz 12 / DOS 1, Soyuz sn 18, Soyuz sn 19, Soyuz sn 20, Soyuz sn 21, Soyuz sn 22, Soyuz sn 23, DOS 2-1, DOS 2-2, DOS 2-3, DOS 2-4. Crews are formed for six Soyuz (Kontakt?) flights. Soyuz s/n 18 - Filipchenko and Grechko; Soyuz s/n 19 - Lazarev and Makarov; Soyuz s/n 20 - Vorobyov and Yazdovsky; Soyuz s/n 21 - Yakovlelv and Porvatkin; Soyuz s/n 22 - Kovalyonok and Isakov; Soyuz s/n 23 - Shcheglov and [illegible]. Five crews are training for Salyut flights: Crew 1, Leonov, Rukavishnikov, and Kolodin; Crew 2, Gubarev, Sevastyanov, and Voronov. TsKBEM engineer cosmonauts are to be selected will round out the last three crews, but VVS members will be: Crew 3, Klimuk, Artyukhin; Crew 4, Bykovskyy, Alekseyev; Crew 5, Gorbatko. Leonov and Gubarev will have their crews fully ready for Soyuz 12 by 30 June, for a launch date between 15-20 July. Leonov is asking to go to East Germany for two to three days in the first week of July. Kamanin is fully opposed to this - he is thinkng not of his upcoming flight, but the exhibition of his paintings at the Prezdensk Gallery! 1972 Early - Soyuz sn 18 (cancelled). Assignment: Proposed Prime Crew. Flight: Soyuz sn 18. Soyuz s/n 18 would have been the active spacecraft of the first dual launch to test the Kontakt lunar orbit rendezvous system. A crew transfer using the Krechet spacesuit would presumably have taken place. 1973 Early - Soyuz Kontakt A (cancelled). Assignment: Proposed Prime Crew. Flight: Soyuz Kontakt A. Final crews selected for a dual Soyuz mission in Earth orbit to test the Kontakt docking system to be used on the lunar landing LOK and LK spacecraft. The launches were delayed and then cancelled due to continuing problems with the N1 lunar booster. 2 December 1974 - Soyuz 16. Assignment: Prime Crew. Flight: Soyuz 16. ASTP Manned Test Flight. Check-out of the Soyuz space craft's on-board systems which had been modernized to meet the requirements of the 1975 joint flight in accordance with the programme of the Soviet-United States experiment; conduct of scientific and technical investigations. 8 December 1974 - Landing of Soyuz 16. Assignment: Return Crew. Flight: Soyuz 16. Soyuz 16 landed at 08:04 GMT, 30 km NE of Arkalyk. 15 July 1975 - Soyuz 19 (ASTP). Assignment: Backup Crew. Flight: Soyuz 19 (ASTP), Apollo (ASTP). Soyuz 19 initial orbital parameters were 220.8 by 185.07 kilometres, at the desired inclination of 51.80°, while the period of the first orbit was 88.6 minutes. On 17 July the two spacecraft docked. The crew members rotated between the two spacecraft and conducted various mainly ceremonial activities. Leonov was on the American side for 5 hours, 43 minutes, while Kubasov spent 4:57 in the command and docking modules. After being docked for nearly 44 hours, Apollo and Soyuz parted for the first time and were station-keeping at a range of 50 meters. The Apollo crew placed its craft between Soyuz and the sun so that the diameter of the service module formed a disk which blocked out the sun. After this experiment Apollo moved towards Soyuz for the second docking. Three hours later Apollo and Soyuz undocked for the second and final time. The spacecraft moved to a 40 m station-keeping distance so that an ultraviolet absorption experiment could be performed. With all the joint flight activities completed, the ships went on their separate ways. Bibliography and Further Reading
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