Chronology - Quarter 4 1978

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Previous Home Next 1978 October 2 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC172. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. Model: MR-UR-100U 15A16. Joint flight trials launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 3 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1033 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Zenit-4MKT no. 7. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Apogee: 231 km (143 mi). Inclination: 81.40 deg. Period: 89.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-089A. USAF Sat Cat: 11039. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-10-16. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 2, 6, 103. 1978 October 3 - 23:09 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Progress 4 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Payload: Progress s/n 105. Mass: 7,014 kg (15,463 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Apogee: 247 km (153 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-090A. USAF Sat Cat: 11040. Duration: 22.72 days. Completed Operations Date: 1978-10-27 16:27:43 PM. Decay Date: 1978-10-27 16:27:43 PM. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-2. Unmanned supply vessel to Salyut 6. Delivery of fuel, consumable materials and equipment to the Salyut 6 station. Docked with Salyut 6 on 6 Oct 1978 01:00:15 GMT. Undocked on 24 Oct 1978 13:01:52 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 26 Oct 1978 16:28:13 GMT. Total free-flight time 4.22 days. Total docked time 18.50 days. References: 2, 6, 275. 1978 October 4 - 03:49 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53782-429. Cosmos 1034 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 153. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,422 km (883 mi). Apogee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-091A. USAF Sat Cat: 11042. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1035 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 154. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,403 km (871 mi). Apogee: 1,480 km (910 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-091B. USAF Sat Cat: 11044. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1036 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 155. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,442 km (896 mi). Apogee: 1,480 km (910 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-091C. USAF Sat Cat: 11045. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1037 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 156. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,462 km (908 mi). Apogee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-091D. USAF Sat Cat: 11046. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1038 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 157. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,477 km (917 mi). Apogee: 1,487 km (923 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-091E. USAF Sat Cat: 11047. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1039 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 158. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Apogee: 1,552 km (964 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 116.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-091F. USAF Sat Cat: 11048. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1040 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 159. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Apogee: 1,527 km (948 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 116.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-091G. USAF Sat Cat: 11049. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1041 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 160. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,477 km (917 mi). Apogee: 1,509 km (937 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-091H. USAF Sat Cat: 11050. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 6 - 01:55 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Ionosphere mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 125 km (77 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 6 - 15:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1042 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 179 km (111 mi). Apogee: 299 km (185 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-092A. USAF Sat Cat: 11052. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-10-19. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 7 - 00:28 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3E. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas F/SVS. LV Configuration: Atlas F/SVS 47F. Navstar 3 Nation: USA. Program: Navstar. Payload: GPS SVN 3. Mass: 759 kg (1,673 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: GPS Block 1. Manufacturer: Boeing North American, Seal Beach (formerly Rockwell). Agency: USAF. Perigee: 20,706 km (12,866 mi). Apogee: 20,941 km (13,012 mi). Inclination: 63.30 deg. Period: 744.20 min. COSPAR: 1978-093A. USAF Sat Cat: 11054. Technology prototype of Navstar satellite. References: 2, 6, 278. 1978 October 10 - Seasat fails Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Seasat. Seasat was the first satellite designed for remote sensing of the Earth's oceans with synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The mission ended on October 10, 1978 due to a failure of the vehicle's electric power system. The suspicion exists that the satellite was intentionally shut off because the quality and nature of the results obtained alarmed the Pentagon. 1978 October 10 - 19:44 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Vostok 8A92M. Cosmos 1043 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 17. Mass: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 425 km (264 mi). Apogee: 433 km (269 mi). Inclination: 81.20 deg. Period: 93.20 min. COSPAR: 1978-094A. USAF Sat Cat: 11055. Decay Date: 1998-02-27. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 13 - 05:19 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. Molniya 3-10 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-3 s/n 22. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-3. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,560 km (960 mi). Apogee: 33,590 km (20,870 mi). Inclination: 63.80 deg. Period: 614.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-095A. USAF Sat Cat: 11057. Continued operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio-communication system within the Soviet Union and transmission of USSR central television programmes to stations in the Orbita and participating international networks (international cooperation scheme). References: 2, 6. 1978 October 13 - 11:23 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas F. LV Configuration: Atlas F 29F / Star-37S-ISS. Tiros N Nation: USA. Program: Tiros. Mass: 734 kg (1,618 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Tiros N. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 829 km (515 mi). Apogee: 845 km (525 mi). Inclination: 98.70 deg. Period: 101.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-096A. USAF Sat Cat: 11060. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 2, 6, 278. 1978 October 17 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1044 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 295 km (183 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-097A. USAF Sat Cat: 11065. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-10-30. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 17 - 16:04 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM 298-01. FAILURE: Second stage explosion. Ekran s/n 14L Nation: USSR. Payload: Ekran s/n 14L. Mass: 1,970 kg (4,340 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Ekran. Agency: RVSN. COSPAR: F781017A. References: 67, 274. 1978 October 19 - Third SRB firing, Thiokol Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 October 19 - Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. DM-3 Shuttle SRB development static firing Nation: USA. The third firing of a shuttle Solid Rocket Booster motor. References: 44. 1978 October 24 - 08:15 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 2910. LV Configuration: Delta 2910 630/D145. Nimbus 7 Nation: USA. Payload: Nimbus G. Mass: 907 kg (1,999 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Nimbus. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 943 km (585 mi). Apogee: 957 km (594 mi). Inclination: 99.00 deg. Period: 104.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-098A. USAF Sat Cat: 11080. Environmental research. The experiments carried were a limb infrared monitoring of the stratosphere (LIMS), stratospheric and mesopheric sounder (SAMS), coastal-zone color scanner (CZCS), stratospheric aerosol measurement (SAM II), earth radiation budget (ERB), scanning multichannel microwave radiometer (SMMR), solar backscatter UV and total ozone mapping spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS), and temperature-humidity infrared radiometer (THIR). These sensors were capable of observing several parameters at and below the mesospheric levels. After 11 years in orbit, three experiments, SAM II, SBUV/TOMS, and ERB, were still functioning successfully. References: 2, 6. CAMEO Nation: USA. Payload: CAMEO Li Canister/CAMEO Ba Canister. Mass: 350 kg (770 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: CAMEO. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 924 km (574 mi). Apogee: 968 km (601 mi). Inclination: 99.40 deg. Period: 104.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-098B. USAF Sat Cat: 11081. Released barium cloud. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 24 - 19:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 65055-106. Intercosmos 18 Nation: USSR. Program: Intercosmos. Payload: AUOS-Z-M-IK. Mass: 1,050 kg (2,310 lb). Class: Technology. Spacecraft: AUOS. Manufacturer: NPO Yuzhnoye. Agency: IK. Perigee: 403 km (250 mi). Apogee: 757 km (470 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 96.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-099A. USAF Sat Cat: 11082. Completed Operations Date: 1981-03-18. Decay Date: 1981-03-17. Conduct of complex investigations on the interaction between the magnetosphere and ionosphere of the earth. Launched under the Intercosmos programme by the USSR in cooperation with the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, the German Democratic Republic, the H ungarian People's Republic, the Polish People's Republic and the Socialist Republic of Romania. On 14 Nov 1978, Magion, a small Czechoslovak scientific satellite, separated from object 1296. References: 2, 6, 116. Magion 1 Nation: Czech Republic. Program: Intercosmos. Payload: S2. Mass: 15 kg (33 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Magion. Agency: RVSN. Perigee: 404 km (251 mi). Apogee: 762 km (473 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 96.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-099B. USAF Sat Cat: 11110. Decay Date: 1981-09-11. Ionospheric, magnetospheric studies. The Czechoslovak satellite MAGION was launched into orbit by the Soviet spacecraft Intercosmos 18. It forms a part of the scientific programme of Intercosmos 18, launched from USSR territory on 24 Oct 1978. MAGION was separated into an autonomous orbit on 14 Nov 1978. General function: Reasearch of the magnetosphere and ionosphere of the earth (magnetosphere-ionosphere satellite). References: 2, 6. 1978 October 26 - 07:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Cosmos 1045 Nation: USSR. Payload: Meteor-2 Mass Model. Mass: 2,670 kg (5,880 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Apogee: 1,705 km (1,059 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 120.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-100A. USAF Sat Cat: 11084. Probable oceanographic. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 2, 6. Radio Sputnik 1 Nation: USSR. Payload: RS-1. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Amateur Radio. Spacecraft: Radio. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Apogee: 1,707 km (1,060 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 120.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-100B. USAF Sat Cat: 11085. Launched with Cosmos-1045. Amateur radiocommunication and scientific and technical experiments and study projects by students at higher educational establishments. References: 2, 6. Radio-2; Radio Sputnik 2 Nation: USSR. Payload: RS-2. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Amateur Radio. Spacecraft: Radio. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,686 km (1,047 mi). Apogee: 1,705 km (1,059 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 120.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-100C. USAF Sat Cat: 11086. Launched with Cosmos-1045. Amateur radiocommunication and scientific and technical experiments and study projects by students at higher educational establishments. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 26 - 09:16 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Nike. Model: Nike Hydac. LV Configuration: Nike Hydac DNA IC807.15-1. SWIR DYNAMICS Auroral mission Nation: USA. Agency: DNA. Apogee: 122 km (75 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 26 - 09:20 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Javelin. Model: Nike Javelin. LV Configuration: Nike Javelin DNA IC806.35-1. FAILURE: Failure. DYNAMICS Auroral mission Nation: USA. Agency: DNA. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 26 - 09:29 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Nike. Model: Nike Hydac. LV Configuration: Nike Hydac DNA IR807.57-1. ENERGY Auroral Infrared mission Nation: USA. Agency: DNA. Apogee: 160 km (90 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 26 - 14:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25C. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 C4X-16. Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 29 - 05:02 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Super Chief. Model: Talos Castor. LV Configuration: Talos Castor DNA EX851.44-1. EXCEDE 1 Active plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF GL. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi). References: 2. 1978 October 30 - 05:23 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-SOL. Prognoz 7 Nation: USSR. Payload: SO-M s/n 507. Mass: 950 kg (2,090 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Prognoz. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 472 km (293 mi). Apogee: 202,627 km (125,906 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 5,881.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-101A. USAF Sat Cat: 11088. Decay Date: 1980-09-22. Magnetospheric investigations. Investigation of the corpuscular and electromagnetic radiation of the sun, of solar plasma fluxes and of the magnetic fields in circumterrestrial space in order to determine the effects of solar activity on the interplanetary medium and the magnetosphere of the earth; investigation of galactic ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays. In addition to Soviet apparatus, carried scientific apparatus produced in the USSR, the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, France, the Hungarian People's Republic and Sweden. References: 2, 6. 1978 October 31 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Taurus Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Taurus Tomahawk NASA 12.1005WT. Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 554 km (344 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 1 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1046 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 324 km (201 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-102A. USAF Sat Cat: 11098. Duration: 12.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-11-13. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; also performed mapping, geodesy, earth resources tasks; deployed capsule. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 2 - Landing of Soyuz 31 Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut 6. Flight: Salyut 6 EO-2. Soyuz 31 landed at 11:05 GMT with the crew of Ivanchenkov and Kovalyonok aboard. 1978 November 3 - 01:20 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee 170A. LV Configuration: Aerobee 170A NASA 13.135UE. UM Airglow payload Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 3 - 12:05 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: LC107/1. Launch Pad: LC107/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Vertikal-4. Vertikal'-7 Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 10 - 04:14 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 12. LV Configuration: Skylark 12 SL1424. VLF waves / TMA Aurora mission Nation: UK. Agency: BAC. Apogee: 796 km (494 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 11 - Complete forward RCS acoustic test Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 November 13 - 05:24 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: SLV-3D Centaur. LV Configuration: SLV-3D Centaur AC-52 / Centaur D-1AR 5032. HEAO 2 Nation: USA. Payload: HEAO B. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: HEAO. Agency: NASA MSF. Perigee: 526 km (326 mi). Apogee: 548 km (340 mi). Inclination: 23.50 deg. Period: 95.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-103A. USAF Sat Cat: 11101. Decay Date: 1982-03-25. High Energy Astronomy Observatory. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 2, 6, 278. 1978 November 13 - 12:44 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant. Model: Sounding Rocket. LV Configuration: Sergeant DNA IC830.09-1A. FWIF II Auroral Infrared mission Nation: USA. Agency: DNA. Apogee: 141 km (87 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 15 - Complete OMS development test Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 November 15 - Complete aft RCS development test Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 November 15 - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3 AC. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 AC SL1296. Ionosphere mission? Nation: UK. Agency: UK. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 15 - 11:45 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1047 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 171 km (106 mi). Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-104A. USAF Sat Cat: 11108. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-11-28. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 16 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF07. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 2. FOT GT130M-2 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 16 - 07:49 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-94. TEXUS 2 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DFVLR. Apogee: 265 km (164 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 16 - 18:15 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee 170A. LV Configuration: Aerobee 170A NASA 13.138GS. Solar Constant 2 Solar mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 182 km (113 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 16 - 21:45 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53755-111. Cosmos 1048 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 750 kg (1,650 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-2M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 769 km (477 mi). Apogee: 797 km (495 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 100.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-105A. USAF Sat Cat: 11111. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 17 - 20:17 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25C. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 C4X-19. Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 19 - 00:46 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 2914. LV Configuration: Delta 2914 634/D146. NATO 3C Nation: NATO. Program: NATO. Mass: 720 kg (1,580 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: NATO 3. Agency: NATO. Perigee: 36,289 km (22,548 mi). Apogee: 36,299 km (22,555 mi). Inclination: 11.80 deg. Period: 1,462.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-106A. USAF Sat Cat: 11115. Completed Operations Date: 1992-06-15. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Atlantic Ocean at 50 deg W in 1979-1982 over the Atlantic Ocean 21 deg W in 1983-1986 over the Atlantic Ocean 18 deg W in 1987-1991 over the Atlantic Ocean21 deg W in 1991-1992 As of 31 August 2001 located at 122.29 deg E drifting at 6.431 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 114.22E drifting at 6.438W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 20 - 17:23 GMT - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3TA. Demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: RN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 21 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1049 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Apogee: 338 km (210 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-107A. USAF Sat Cat: 11118. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-12-04. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 23 - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ALFS. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Stromboli. Model: Eridan. LV Configuration: Eridan E015. Ariane range test Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 350 km (210 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 25 - 04:44 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 8B. LV Configuration: Black Brant 8B AAF-NVB-05. CMB spectrum 2 Submillimeter radio astronomy mission Nation: Canada. Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 366 km (227 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 27 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF06. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. ABRES ANT-3A re-entry vehicle test flight Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 27 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC181. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-UR-100. Model: MR-UR-100U 15A16. FAILURE: Failure. Joint flight trials launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi). References: 2. 1978 November 27 - 18:55 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.207IE. Ferdinand 41 (Elec 3) Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 202 km (125 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 27 - 18:55 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.216IE. Ferdinand 40 (Elec 2) Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 193 km (119 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 28 - 16:20 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1050 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 341 km (211 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-108A. USAF Sat Cat: 11121. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-12-12. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 November 30 - Operational readiness date, Pad A, KSC Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 November 30 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 30 - 16:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 30 - 18:55 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 30 - 22:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29A. Launch Pad: LC29/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3TK P-2. Chevaline warhead test launch Nation: USA. Agency: RN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 November 30 - 22:55 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Plasma/Fields/Solar mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 1 - Energia Engineer Cosmonaut Training Group 5 selected. Nation: USSR. 1978 December 1 - Buran Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: USSR. Experienced test pilots were selected to train for manned missions using the Buran space shuttle. 1978 December 1 - IMBP Cosmonaut Training Group 2 selected. Nation: USSR. Physicians and biomedical specialist cosmonauts for planned missions to the Salyut space station. 1978 December 1 - Almaz Engineer Cosmonaut Training Group 3 selected. Nation: USSR. The group was selected to provide flight engineers for planned Almaz military space station missions. 1978 December 1 - Buran Cosmonaut Training Group 1 selected. Nation: USSR. Experienced test pilots were selected to train for manned missions using the Buran space shuttle. 1978 December 1 - 00:55 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 1 - 07:20 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Astrobee. Model: Astrobee F. LV Configuration: Astrobee F NASA 25.38UL. JHU UVT F9 (Jupiter) Ultraviolet astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 238 km (147 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 2 - Launch Site: Biscarosse. Launch Complex: BLB. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: SSBS. Model: SSBS S3. LV Configuration: SSBS S3 V7. Test mission Nation: France. Agency: DMA. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 4 - Pioneer Venus 1, Venus Orbit Insertion Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Pioneer 12. 1978 December 5 - Launch Site: Kwajalein. Launch Complex: RN. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sergeant. Model: Castor. LV Configuration: Castor-2R. DOT 1 Interceptor mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 235 km (146 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 5 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF09. Launch Pad: LF09?. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. OT GT38GM operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 5 - 18:12 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53716-320. Cosmos 1051 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 161. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,394 km (866 mi). Apogee: 1,486 km (923 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-109A. USAF Sat Cat: 11128. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1052 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 162. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,411 km (876 mi). Apogee: 1,488 km (924 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-109B. USAF Sat Cat: 11129. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1053 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 163. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,430 km (880 mi). Apogee: 1,488 km (924 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-109C. USAF Sat Cat: 11130. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1054 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 164. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,446 km (898 mi). Apogee: 1,490 km (920 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1978-109D. USAF Sat Cat: 11131. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1055 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 165. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Apogee: 1,491 km (926 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-109E. USAF Sat Cat: 11132. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1056 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 166. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,472 km (914 mi). Apogee: 1,504 km (934 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-109F. USAF Sat Cat: 11133. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1057 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 167. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Apogee: 1,515 km (941 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-109G. USAF Sat Cat: 11134. References: 2, 6. Cosmos 1058 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 168. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Apogee: 1,538 km (955 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 116.20 min. COSPAR: 1978-109H. USAF Sat Cat: 11135. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 6 - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 HRV. Launch Vehicle: Stonechat. Model: Falstaff. LV Configuration: Falstaff F.3. Chevaline warhead test launch Nation: UK. Agency: RAE. Apogee: 98 km (60 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 7 - 15:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1059 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 338 km (210 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1978-110A. USAF Sat Cat: 11137. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-12-20. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 8 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF21. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. LV Configuration: Minuteman 3 STM-17W. Research and development launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 8 - 09:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1060 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Apogee: 291 km (180 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-111A. USAF Sat Cat: 11139. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-12-21. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 9 - Start OMS Phase I qualification tests Nation: USA. Program: STS. References: 15. 1978 December 9 - Pioneer Venus 2, Venus Atmospheric Probes Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Pioneer 13. 1978 December 11 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.1024UA. Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 228 km (141 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 11 - 03:00 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Astrobee. Model: Astrobee F. LV Configuration: Astrobee F NASA 25.01UH. X-ray astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 164 km (101 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 11 - 03:59 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3E. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas F/SVS. LV Configuration: Atlas F/SVS 39F. Navstar 4 Nation: USA. Program: Navstar. Payload: GPS SVN 4. Mass: 770 kg (1,690 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: GPS Block 1. Manufacturer: Boeing North American, Seal Beach (formerly Rockwell). Agency: USAF. Perigee: 20,750 km (12,890 mi). Apogee: 21,012 km (13,056 mi). Inclination: 64.60 deg. Period: 746.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-112A. USAF Sat Cat: 11141. Global Positioning System. First pre-opertional Navstar satellite. References: 2, 6, 278. 1978 December 13 - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3 AC. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 AC SL1297. Ionosphere mission? Nation: UK. Agency: UK. Apogee: 210 km (130 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 14 - 00:43 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 3C. LV Configuration: Titan IIIC 23C-18 (3C-36). DSCS II-11 Nation: USA. Program: DSCS. Payload: DSCS II F-11. Mass: 550 kg (1,210 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: DSCS II. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 37,515 km (23,310 mi). Apogee: 37,749 km (23,456 mi). Inclination: 9.80 deg. Period: 1,531.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-113A. USAF Sat Cat: 11144. Completed Operations Date: 1993-12-13. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Pacific Ocean at 135 deg W in 1979-1983 over the Pacific Ocean 129 deg W in 1983-1989 As of 5 September 2001 located at 62.62 deg W drifting at 22.467 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 96.59E drifting at 22.469W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. DSCS II-12 Nation: USA. Program: DSCS. Payload: DSCS II F-12. Mass: 550 kg (1,210 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: DSCS II. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 36,283 km (22,545 mi). Apogee: 36,332 km (22,575 mi). Inclination: 9.80 deg. Period: 1,462.80 min. COSPAR: 1978-113B. USAF Sat Cat: 11145. Completed Operations Date: 1993-12-13. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Pacific Ocean at 175 deg E in 1979-1981 over the Indian Ocean 66 deg E in 1981-1983 over the Indian Ocean 60 deg E in 1983-1987 over the Pacific Ocean177 deg E in 1988-1989 over the Indian Ocean 71 deg E in 1990-1992 As of 1 September 2001 located at 93.28 deg E drifting at 6.600 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 8 located at 143.60E drifting at 6.589W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 14 - 15:20 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1061 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-2M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 310 km (190 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-114A. USAF Sat Cat: 11148. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1978-12-27. Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; deployed capsule. References: 2, 6. Nauka Cosmos 1061 Nation: USSR. Payload: Nauka. Spacecraft: Nauka. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 197 km (122 mi). Apogee: 296 km (183 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.43 min. COSPAR: 1978-114C. USAF Sat Cat: 11167. Decay Date: 1979-01-04. References: 2, 279. 1978 December 15 - Complete precombined system test, Columbia. Nation: USA. Program: STS. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Columbia. References: 15. 1978 December 15 - 01:57 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5B. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB APD-VB-47. Auroral mission Nation: Canada. Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 316 km (196 mi). References: 2. 1978 December 15 - 13:19 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53782-408. Cosmos 1062 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Mass: 810 kg (1,780 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-O. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 504 km (313 mi). Apogee: 549 km (341 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 95.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-115A. USAF Sat Cat: 11150. Decay Date: 1981-04-20. Replaced Cosmos 899. Possible ELINT satellite. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 16 - 00:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 3914. LV Configuration: Delta 3914 632/D147. Anik B1 (Telesat 4) Nation: Canada. Program: Anik. Payload: Anik B1. Mass: 900 kg (1,980 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Anik. Agency: Telesat. Perigee: 35,900 km (22,300 mi). Apogee: 35,927 km (22,323 mi). Inclination: 6.60 deg. Period: 1,442.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-116A. USAF Sat Cat: 11153. Completed Operations Date: 1986-12-17. Longitude 109.0. Function - telecommunications. Operating entity - Telesat Canada. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Americas at 109 deg W in 1978-1986 As of 29 August 2001 located at 59.48 deg E drifting at 1.672 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 13.64W drifting at 1.622W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. DRIMS Nation: Canada. Program: Anik. Payload: DRIMS. Spacecraft: Anik. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 1,832 km (1,138 mi). Inclination: 28.30 deg. Period: 105.26 min. COSPAR: 1978-116B. USAF Sat Cat: 11154. Decay Date: 1979-04-23. References: 2, 279. 1978 December 19 - 01:35 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Vostok 8A92M. Cosmos 1063 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 18. Mass: 4,000 kg (8,800 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 518 km (321 mi). Apogee: 524 km (325 mi). Inclination: 81.20 deg. Period: 95.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-117A. USAF Sat Cat: 11155. Decay Date: 2001-11-25. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 19 - 12:15 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM 295-02. FAILURE: Block DM malfunction, wrong orbit. Gorizont 1 Nation: USSR. Payload: Gorizont s/n 11L. Mass: 2,100 kg (4,600 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Gorizont . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 22,193 km (13,790 mi). Apogee: 49,371 km (30,677 mi). Inclination: 22.40 deg. Period: 1,435.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-118A. USAF Sat Cat: 11158. Completed Operations Date: 1980-01-10. Did not achieve geostationary orbit due to malfunction of Block D. Operation of telephone and telegraph radiocommunications and transmission of television programmes. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Indian Ocean at 53 deg E in 1979-1980 As of 29 August 2001 located at 75.87 deg E drifting at 0.132 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 57.49E drifting at 0.119E degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 111, 274. 1978 December 20 - 20:43 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 47182-425. Cosmos 1064 Nation: USSR. Mass: 1,025 kg (2,259 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Parus. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 333 km (206 mi). Apogee: 467 km (290 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 92.60 min. COSPAR: 1978-119A. USAF Sat Cat: 11161. Decay Date: 1989-11-12. Probable failure. Military navigation satellite. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 21 - Venera 12, Venus Landing Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Venera 4V-1. 1978 December 22 - 22:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: LC107/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 65068-305. Cosmos 1065 Nation: USSR. Mass: 1,170 kg (2,570 lb). Class: Calibration. Spacecraft: Taifun-2. Agency: MO SSR. Perigee: 348 km (216 mi). Apogee: 544 km (338 mi). Inclination: 50.60 deg. Period: 93.50 min. COSPAR: 1978-120A. USAF Sat Cat: 11163. Decay Date: 1979-08-01. Radar calibration. Released 7 Romb radar calibration subsatellites. Possible partially failed spacecraft bus. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 23 - 08:39 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Vostok 8A92M. Cosmos 1066 Nation: USSR. Payload: Astrofizika s/n 1. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: Astrofizika. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 819 km (508 mi). Apogee: 890 km (550 mi). Inclination: 81.20 deg. Period: 102.00 min. COSPAR: 1978-121A. USAF Sat Cat: 11165. Probable failure. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 25 - Venera 11, Venus Landing Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Venera 4V-1. 1978 December 26 - 13:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53782-430. Cosmos 1067 Nation: USSR. Mass: 880 kg (1,940 lb). Spacecraft: Sfera. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,156 km (718 mi). Apogee: 1,213 km (753 mi). Inclination: 83.00 deg. Period: 109.10 min. COSPAR: 1978-122A. USAF Sat Cat: 11168. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 26 - 15:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1068 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MKM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 389 km (241 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.40 min. COSPAR: 1978-123A. USAF Sat Cat: 11169. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1979-01-08. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 2, 6. 1978 December 28 - 16:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 1069 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 254 km (157 mi). Apogee: 289 km (179 mi). Inclination: 62.90 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1978-124A. USAF Sat Cat: 11173. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1979-01-10. Military topography satellite; returned film capsule; also performed mapping, geodesy, earth resources tasks; separated capsule. References: 2, 6. Previous Home Next Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments. Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site.. To contact astronauts or cosmonauts. © Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.