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Chronology - Quarter 4 1989
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1989 October 1 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. -
 Inactivation of HQ SAMTO at Vandenberg AFB. Nation: USA. Inactivation of HQ SAMTO at Vandenberg AFB. References: 88.
1989 October 1 - -
 Austrian Commercial Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: Austria. The group was selected to provide Austrian candidates for the Austromir mission to the Mir space station.
1989 October - - Rockwell begins year-long contracted study of HL-20 Nation: USA. Spacecraft: HL-20, Space Station Freedom. Rockwell International (Space Systems Division) began a year-long contracted effort managed by Langley Research Center to perform an in-depth study of Personnel Logistics System design and operations with the HL-20 concept as a baseline. The spaceplane would supplement the shuttle in support of the Space Station Freedom.
1989 October 3 - 14:59 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. -
 Cosmos 2047 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 165 km (102 mi). Apogee: 330 km (200 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1989-082A. USAF Sat Cat: 20279. Duration: 49.00 days. Decay Date: 1989-11-21. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1, 2, 6, 179.
1989 October 5 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. - First commercial launch attempt Nation: USA. First attempt by a commercial firm, American Rocket Company (AMROC), to launch its SET-l/SMLV (Single Engine Test - 1/Single Module Launch Vehicle) failed on the pad at Vandenberg AFB. References: 88.
1989 October 5 - 17:28 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: BMRS. Launch Pad: BMRSA3. Launch Vehicle: AMROC IRR. LV Configuration: AMROC IRR SET-1. FAILURE: Failure. - AMROC IRR Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: AMROC. References: 1812.
1989 October 17 - 13:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. - Cosmos 2048 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 253 km (157 mi). Apogee: 269 km (167 mi). Inclination: 62.60 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1989-083A. USAF Sat Cat: 20292. Duration: 9.00 days. Decay Date: 1989-10-26. Military cartographic photo-surveillance satellite; also studied fluxes of heavy nuclei. References: 1, 2, 6.
1989 October 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39. Launch Pad: LC39B. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Model: Space Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-34R. - Galileo Probe Nation: USA. Mass: 339 kg (747 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Outer Planets. Spacecraft: Galileo Probe. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1989-084E. Atmospheric probe; deployed from Galileo 7/13/95; entered Jupiter atmosphere 12/7/95. Entry into Jupiter Dec 7 References: 2, 5, 6.
- STS-34 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Atlantis F05 / Galileo [IUS]. Mass: 22,064 kg (48,642 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Atlantis. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 298 km (185 mi). Apogee: 307 km (190 mi). Inclination: 34.30 deg. Period: 90.60 min. COSPAR: 1989-084A. USAF Sat Cat: 20297. Duration: 4.99 days. Decay Date: 1989-10-23. Crew: Baker, Chang-Diaz, Lucid, McCulley, Williams Donald. Flight: STS-34. Manned five crew. Deployed Galileo .Payloads: Deploy IUS with Galileo spacecraft. Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBUV), Polymer Morphology (PM) experiments, IMAX camera project, Mesoscale Lightning Experiment (MLE), Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) experiment, Growth Hormone Concentration and Distribution (GHCD) in Plants experiment, Sensor Technology Experiment (STEX), SSIP Student Experiment (SE) 82-15, Ice Crystals Experiment. First flight at this inclination.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7.
- Galileo Nation: USA. Payload: Atlantis F5 / Galileo [IUS]. Mass: 3,881 kg (8,556 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Outer Planets. Spacecraft: Galileo. Agency: NASA/JPL. COSPAR: 1989-084B. USAF Sat Cat: 20298. Deployed from STS-34 18 October 1989; entered Jupiter orbit 7 December 1995 and conducted investigations of Jupiter's moons, atmosphere, and magnetosphere. Although the antenna failed to deploy, NASA developed workarounds and the spacecraft cruised the Jovian system for eight years. Its propellant then depleted, it was maneuvered to enter the Jovian atmosphere on September 21, 2003, at 18:57 GMT. Entry was at 48.2 km/s from an orbit with a periapsis 9700 km below the 1-bar atmospheric layer. The spacecraft continued transmitting at least until it passed behind the limb of Jupiter at 1850:54 GMT, at which point it was 9283 km above the 1-bar level, surprising Galileo veterans who feared it might enter safemode due to the high radiation environment. On its farewell dive, it had crossed the orbit of Callisto at around 1100 on September 20, the orbit of Ganymede at around 0500 on September 21, Europa's orbit at about 1145, Io's orbit at about 1500, Amalthea's orbit at 1756, and the orbits of Adrastea and Metis at 1825. Galileo was destroyed to prevent the possibility that its orbit would eventually be perturbed in such a way that it would crash on and biologically contaminate Europa, which was considered a possible place to search for life. Light travel time from Jupiter to Earth was 52 min 20 sec at the time of impact,
and the final signal reached Earth at 1943:14 GMT.References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
- Galileo Probe Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1989-084xx. USAF Sat Cat: 20297. Decay Date: 1989-10-23. References: 279.
- SSBUV-1 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1989-084xx. USAF Sat Cat: 20297. Decay Date: 1989-10-23. References: 279.
- SSBUV-2 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1989-084xx. USAF Sat Cat: 20297. Decay Date: 1989-10-23. References: 279.
1989 October 21 - 09:31 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17A. Launch Vehicle: Delta 6000. Model: Delta 6925. LV Configuration: Delta 6925 D188. - USA 47 Nation: USA. Program: Navstar. Payload: GPS 2-4 / GPS SVN 19. Mass: 1,665 kg (3,670 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2 and 2A. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 21,190 km (13,160 mi). Apogee: 21,236 km (13,195 mi). Inclination: 53.30 deg. Period: 760.20 min. COSPAR: 1989-085A. USAF Sat Cat: 20302. Global Positioning System. Placed in Plane A Slot 5. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 October 23 - 01:58 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.37DE. - Black Brant Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). References: 931.
1989 October 23 - - Landing of STS-34 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-34. STS-34 landed at 16:41 GMT.
1989 October 24 - 21:35 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Model: Tsiklon-3. - Meteor 3-03 Nation: USSR. Payload: Meteor-3 s/n 4. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Meteor-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,240 km (770 mi). Apogee: 1,249 km (776 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 110.40 min. COSPAR: 1989-086A. USAF Sat Cat: 20305. Testing data-measuring equipment and methods for remote sensing of the atmosphere and Earth's surface to benefit the Soviet economy and science. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 115.
1989 October 27 - 23:05 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: ELA2. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44L. Model: Ariane 44L. LV Configuration: Ariane 44L V34. -
 Intelsat 6A F-2 Nation: International. Program: Intelsat. Payload: Intelsat 602. Mass: 4,215 kg (9,292 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 393. Agency: Intelsat. Perigee: 35,777 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,795 km (22,241 mi). Inclination: 0.70 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1989-087A. USAF Sat Cat: 20315. Stationed at 24.5 deg E. At the time, the Intelsat 6 series were the largest commercial spacecraft ever built. The series were also the first commercial satellites to employ Satellite Switched/Time Division Multiple Access (SS/TDMA) techniques. Spacecraft: Based on Hughes 393 bus. Spin stabilised with despun antenna. Hydrazine propulsion system. Passive thermal control. Telescoping dual-cylinder structure with deployed antennas. Body mounted solar cells generate 2250 W (EOL). Solar drums are each about 6m tall. Payload: 38 (plus 12 backup) C-Band and 10 (plus 4 backup) Ku-Band transponders.120,000 telephone calls and 3 colour TV broadcasts simultaneously. SS/TDMA (Satellite-Switched Time Division Multiple Access) techniques used. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 37 deg W in 1989-1990; 24 deg W in 1990-1991; 55 deg E in 1991; 60 deg E in 1992; 63 deg E in 1992-1997; 62 deg E in 1997-1999 As of 29 August 2001 located at 62.02 deg E drifting at 0.018 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 150.55E drifting at 0.004W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 November 6 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF10. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. - Minuteman 3 FOT GT136GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 916.
1989 November 11 - -
 After 28 years, Berlin Wall is open to West Nation: Germany.
1989 November 17 - 10:50 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. - Cosmos 2049 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4KS1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 232 km (144 mi). Apogee: 251 km (155 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1989-088A. USAF Sat Cat: 20320. Duration: 214.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-06-19. Photo/digital surveillance. References: 1, 2, 6.
1989 November 18 - 14:34 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2. Launch Pad: SLC2W. Launch Vehicle: Delta 5000. Model: Delta 5920-8. LV Configuration: Delta 5920-8 D189. - COBE Nation: USA. Mass: 2,265 kg (4,993 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: COBE. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 873 km (542 mi). Apogee: 886 km (550 mi). Inclination: 98.90 deg. Period: 102.60 min. COSPAR: 1989-089A. USAF Sat Cat: 20322. Cosmic Background Explorer; measured background galactic infrared radiation. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 November 20 - 02:30 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 8B. LV Configuration: Black Brant 8B NASA 27.123UG. - Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). References: 931.
1989 November 23 - - Solar Maximum ends operating life. Nation: USA. Spacecraft: SMM. SMM finished collected data . It re-entered on December 2, 1989.
1989 November 23 - 00:23 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39. Launch Pad: LC39B. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Model: Space Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-33R. - STS-33 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Discovery F09 / Magnum 2 [IUS]. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Discovery. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Apogee: 214 km (132 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 88.70 min. COSPAR: 1989-090A. USAF Sat Cat: 20329. Duration: 5.00 days. Decay Date: 1989-11-28. Crew: Blaha, Carter, Gregory, Musgrave, Thornton. Flight: STS-33. Manned five crew. Deployed a classified payload. Orbits of Earth: 78. Distance traveled: 3,218,687 km. Landed at: Concrete runway 04 at Edwards Air Force Base, Cali. Landing Speed: 368 kph. Touchdown miss distance: 570.00 m. Landing Rollout: 2,366.00 m. Payloads: DoD Mission - third space shuttle night launch.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7.
- USA 48 Nation: USA. Payload: Magnum 2 [IUS]. Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Magnum. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Apogee: 224 km (139 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 88.90 min. COSPAR: 1989-090B. USAF Sat Cat: 20355. Second Magnum model ELINT satellite. Code name changed to Orion. Deployed from STS-33 November 23, 1989, and boosted to geostationary orbit. As of 2003 May 4 located at 88.13E drifting at 0.048W degrees per day. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 172.
1989 November 23 - 20:35 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: LC16/2. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M 2BL. - Cosmos 2050 Nation: USSR. Payload: Oko #61. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Oko. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 6,185 km (3,843 mi). Apogee: 34,182 km (21,239 mi). Inclination: 67.50 deg. Period: 718.00 min. COSPAR: 1989-091A. USAF Sat Cat: 20330. Covered Oko constellation plane 9 - 233 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 100.
1989 November 24 - 23:22 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC90. Launch Pad: LC90. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 2. Model: Tsiklon-2. - Cosmos 2051 Nation: USSR. Program: EORSAT. Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: US-P. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 293 km (182 mi). Apogee: 310 km (190 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 90.60 min. COSPAR: 1989-092A. USAF Sat Cat: 20334. Decay Date: 1990-01-21. Ocean surveillance. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 November 25 - -
 British Commercial Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: UK. The group was selected for the Juno commercial British cosmonaut mission.
1989 November 25 - 08:05 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-170. - Skylark TEXUS 23 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: MBB. Apogee: 249 km (154 mi). References: 1582.
1989 November 26 - 13:01 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/39. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K. Model: Proton-K. LV Configuration: Proton-K 354-01. - Kvant 2 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: 77KSD s/n 17101. Mass: 19,565 kg (43,133 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Kvant-2. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 388 km (241 mi). Apogee: 397 km (246 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min. COSPAR: 1989-093A. USAF Sat Cat: 20335. Duration: 1,615.45 days. Decay Date: 2001-03-23. Flight: Mir EO-5. Mir expansion module. Scheduled docking 2 December delayed due to failure of solar panel to extend and failure of automatic rendezvous system. Faults corrected by ground control and docked with Mir December 6, 1989 at 12:21 GMT. Transferred to lateral port December 8.
Officially: Delivery to the Mir orbital station of additional equipment and apparatus for the purpose of expanding the research and experiments conducted in the interests of science and the national economy.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274.
1989 November 28 - 10:02 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43/3. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M ML. - Molniya 3-36 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-3 s/n 46. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-3. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 698 km (433 mi). Apogee: 39,655 km (24,640 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 717.80 min. COSPAR: 1989-094A. USAF Sat Cat: 20338. Decay Date: 2000-05-19. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network and within the framework of international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 November 28 - - Landing of STS-33 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-33. STS-33 landed at 00:35 GMT.
1989 November 30 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. - Cosmos 2052 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 320 km (190 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1989-095A. USAF Sat Cat: 20350. Duration: 55.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-01-24. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1, 2, 6, 179.
1989 December 1 - 20:20 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/40. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K / 11S824M. Model: Proton-K/D-1. LV Configuration: Proton-K/D-1 352-01. - Granat Nation: USSR. Payload: Granat 1AS s/n 1. Mass: 3,200 kg (7,000 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: Granat. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 53,697 km (33,365 mi). Apogee: 149,862 km (93,119 mi). Inclination: 86.60 deg. Period: 5,899.90 min. COSPAR: 1989-096A. USAF Sat Cat: 20352. Decay Date: 1999-05-25. X-, gamma-ray observatory; Danish, French, Bulgarian payloads. Granat orbital observatory. Conduct of studies of X-ray and soft gamma ray radiation sources in space by the USSR jointly with France, Denmark and Bulgaria. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274.
1989 December 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. - Trident D-5 PEM-5 operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 796.
1989 December 5 - Launch Site: Al Anbar. Launch Vehicle: Tamouz. -
 Tamouz Test mission Nation: Iraq. Agency: Iraq. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi). References: 5, 1864.
1989 December 5 - 19:21 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant XII. LV Configuration: Black Brant XII NASA 12.42WT. - Black Brant Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 1,459 km (906 mi). References: 931.
1989 December 6 - 08:11 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-171. - Skylark TEXUS 24 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: MBB. Apogee: 244 km (151 mi). References: 1582.
1989 December 11 - 18:10 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 6000. Model: Delta 6925. LV Configuration: Delta 6925 D190. - USA 49 Nation: USA. Program: Navstar. Payload: GPS 2-5 / GPS SVN 17. Mass: 1,665 kg (3,670 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: GPS Block 2 and 2A. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 19,992 km (12,422 mi). Apogee: 20,371 km (12,657 mi). Inclination: 55.40 deg. Period: 718.00 min. COSPAR: 1989-097A. USAF Sat Cat: 20361. Global Positioning System. Placed in Plane D Slot 3. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 December 13 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. - Trident D-5 PEM-11 operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 796.
1989 December 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. - Trident D-5 PEM-3 operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 796.
1989 December 15 - 11:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81. Launch Pad: LC81/23. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K / 11S861. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 344-01. - Raduga 24 Nation: USSR. Payload: Raduga s/n 36L. Mass: 1,965 kg (4,332 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Raduga . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,793 km (22,240 mi). Apogee: 35,813 km (22,253 mi). Inclination: 7.90 deg. Period: 1,436.90 min. COSPAR: 1989-098A. USAF Sat Cat: 20367. Completed Operations Date: 1994-02-01. Stationed at 45 deg E. Radio telephone and telegraph communications and transmission of television programmes. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 45 deg E in 1990-1994. Replaced by Raduga 31. As of 3 September 2001 located at 103.47 deg E drifting at 0.067 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 47.08E drifting at 0.104W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274.
1989 December 20 - 03:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. LV Configuration: Soyuz 11A511U2 T15000-039?. - Progress M-2 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress M s/n 202. Mass: 7,300 kg (16,000 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 390 km (240 mi). Apogee: 392 km (243 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min. COSPAR: 1989-099A. USAF Sat Cat: 20373. Duration: 51.18 days. Completed Operations Date: 1990-02-09 07:56:10. Decay Date: 1990-02-09 07:56:10. Flight: Mir EO-5. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir; carried US microgravity payload. Delivered various cargoes to the Mir orbital station, including scientific apparatus produced in the United States of America and intended, pursuant to a commercial agreement, for the conduct of experiments on space biotechnology. Docked with Mir on 22 Dec 1989 05:41:21 GMT. Undocked on 9 Feb 1990 02:33:07 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 9 Feb 1990 07:56:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.31 days. Total docked time 48.87 days.References: 1, 2, 6, 275.
1989 December 21 - 20:06 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Taurus. LV Configuration: Taurus NASA 12.43WT. - Taurus Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 931.
1989 December 27 - 00:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/2. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Model: Tsiklon-3. - Cosmos 2053 Nation: USSR. Mass: 3,000 kg (6,600 lb). Class: Calibration. Spacecraft: Taifun-3. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 405 km (251 mi). Apogee: 410 km (250 mi). Inclination: 73.50 deg. Period: 92.70 min. COSPAR: 1989-100A. USAF Sat Cat: 20389. Believed to be a modernised version of the Taifun-1 satellite, built by NPO Yuzhnoe. The satellite carried 36 small Calibration Spherical Object subsatellites to test Russian radars. These were released between December 27, 1989 and November 1, 1991. While Cosmos 2053 re-entered in 1997, by May 1999 the S5M upper stage was still in a 471 km x 485 km x 73.5 deg orbit. An on-board explosion blew it into 25 new objects.References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1989 December 27 - 11:10 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/39. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K / 11S861. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 347-02. - Cosmos 2054 Nation: USSR. Payload: Luch s/n 14L. Mass: 2,150 kg (4,730 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Luch . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,777 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,822 km (22,258 mi). Inclination: 7.70 deg. Period: 1,436.80 min. COSPAR: 1989-101A. USAF Sat Cat: 20391. Completed Operations Date: 1997-03-01. Stationed at 346 deg E. Relaying of telegraph and telephone information. The third Altair/SR geosynchronous satellite for communication with Mir space station and other orbital spacecraft. Combined with Cosmos 1897, it permitted Mir to maintain contact with Mission Control in Moscow 70% of the time. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 16 deg W in 1990-1997 As of 30 August 2001 located at 21.03 deg W drifting at 0.023 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 68.57W drifting at 0.338W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274.
1989 December 29 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Jubilee.
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