Chronology - Quarter 2 1990 Previous Home Next 1990 April 3 - 12:02 GMT - Launch Site: Palmachim. Launch Vehicle: Shavit. Model: Shaviyt. LV Configuration: Shaviyt 2. Ofeq-2 Nation: Israel. Program: Offeq. Mass: 160 kg (350 lb). Class: Technology. Spacecraft: Ofeq 1-2. Agency: Israeli Space Agency. Perigee: 149 km (92 mi). Apogee: 251 km (155 mi). Inclination: 143.20 deg. Period: 88.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-027A. USAF Sat Cat: 20540. Decay Date: 1990-07-09. Communication experiments. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 3 - 12:02 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. FAILURE: Failure. Yantar-4K1 Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: UNKS. COSPAR: F900403A. High resolution photo reconnaissance mission. References: 279. 1990 April 5 - 13:47 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant X. LV Configuration: Black Brant X NASA 35.28CE. Black Brant Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 586 km (364 mi). References: 931. 1990 April 5 - 19:10 GMT - Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Complex: RW04. Launch Pad: NB-52 008. Launch Vehicle: Pegasus. Model: Pegasus. LV Configuration: Pegasus 001/F1. Pegsat Nation: USA. Payload: Pegsat / Orion 38. Mass: 178 kg (392 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Pegsat. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 401 km (249 mi). Apogee: 507 km (315 mi). Inclination: 94.10 deg. Period: 93.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-028A. USAF Sat Cat: 20546. Decay Date: 1998-11-14. Chemical release experiment. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. USA 55 Nation: USA. Payload: GLOMR 2 / TERCEL / SECS. Mass: 25 kg (55 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: GLOMR. Agency: DARPA/US. Perigee: 477 km (296 mi). Apogee: 642 km (398 mi). Inclination: 94.10 deg. Period: 95.90 min. COSPAR: 1990-028B. USAF Sat Cat: 20547. Store and forward. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 6 - 03:13 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133. Launch Pad: LC133/3. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 65061-259. Cosmos 2064 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 337. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Apogee: 1,490 km (920 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-029A. USAF Sat Cat: 20549. Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2065 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 338. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,462 km (908 mi). Apogee: 1,475 km (916 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-029B. USAF Sat Cat: 20550. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2066 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 339. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,386 km (861 mi). Apogee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-029C. USAF Sat Cat: 20551. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2067 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 340. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,401 km (870 mi). Apogee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-029D. USAF Sat Cat: 20552. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2068 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 341. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Apogee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.60 min. COSPAR: 1990-029E. USAF Sat Cat: 20553. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2069 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 342. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,429 km (887 mi). Apogee: 1,463 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.80 min. COSPAR: 1990-029F. USAF Sat Cat: 20554. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2070 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 343. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,443 km (896 mi). Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.00 min. COSPAR: 1990-029G. USAF Sat Cat: 20555. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Cosmos 2071 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 344. Mass: 45 kg (99 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,458 km (905 mi). Apogee: 1,464 km (909 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.10 min. COSPAR: 1990-029H. USAF Sat Cat: 20556. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 7 - 13:30 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1. Launch Vehicle: CZ-3. Model: Chang Zheng 3. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 3 CZ3-7 (22). Asiasat 1 Nation: China. Program: Asiasat. Mass: 1,442 kg (3,179 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376. Manufacturer: Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo. Agency: Asiasat. Perigee: 35,786 km (22,236 mi). Apogee: 35,789 km (22,238 mi). Inclination: 2.70 deg. Period: 1,436.20 min. COSPAR: 1990-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 20558. First commercial Chinese launch; Stationed at 105 deg E; formerly Westar 6 (retrieved by STS-51A and refurbished). Fixed-satellite telecommunication services and transmission of television signals. Operational life about 10 years. Orbital position 105.5E. Owner/operator: Asia Satellite Telecommunications Co, Ltd. 23-24/F, East Exchange Tower, 38-40 Leighton Rd, Hong K ong. Telex 68345 ASAT HX Fax 852 576 4111. Operated in geosynchronous orbit at 105 deg E in 1990-1999; 122 deg E in 1999-2000. As of 3 September 2001 located at 121.97 deg E drifting at 0.009 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 23.96E drifting at 3.706W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 9 - 08:50 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.67UG. Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 931. 1990 April 11 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3. Launch Pad: SLC3W. Launch Vehicle: Atlas E. Model: Atlas E Altair. LV Configuration: Atlas E Altair 28E / Altair. USA 56 Nation: USA. Payload: POGS & SSR. Class: Technology. Spacecraft: Stacksat P87-2. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 627 km (389 mi). Apogee: 745 km (462 mi). Inclination: 89.80 deg. Period: 98.48 min. COSPAR: 1990-031A. USAF Sat Cat: 20560. Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Survey satellite designed to measure the Earth's magnetic field vector as a function of position. Data from the experiment was used to improve Earth navigation systems, and was stored in an experimental solid state recorder. Six low cost ground stations were designed, built and located around the world to operate the spacecraft flown on this mission.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 278. USA 57 Nation: USA. Payload: TEX. Class: Technology. Spacecraft: Stacksat P87-2. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 627 km (389 mi). Apogee: 742 km (461 mi). Inclination: 89.80 deg. Period: 98.45 min. COSPAR: 1990-031B. USAF Sat Cat: 20561. TEX (Transceiver EXperiment) carried a variable power transmitter used to study ionospheric effects on RF transmissions. Data from the experiment was used to determine minimum spacecraft transmitter power levels for transmission to ground receivers. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 278. USA 58 Nation: USA. Payload: SCE. Class: Technology. Spacecraft: Stacksat P87-2. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 627 km (389 mi). Apogee: 741 km (460 mi). Inclination: 89.80 deg. Period: 98.44 min. COSPAR: 1990-031C. USAF Sat Cat: 20562. SCE (Selective Communications Experiment) carried a variable frequency transmitter to study ionospheric effects at various RF frequencies, and was also designed to demonstrate message store and forward techniques. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 278. 1990 April 11 - 17:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43/3. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Foton 6 Nation: USSR. Payload: Foton s/n 6L. Mass: 6,200 kg (13,600 lb). Class: Materials. Spacecraft: Foton. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 216 km (134 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.40 min. COSPAR: 1990-032A. USAF Sat Cat: 20566. Duration: 15.17 days. Decay Date: 1990-04-27. 250 orbits. In addition to Russian materials science experiments, Foton 6 carried out the French Gezon experiment using the Russian Zona-4M electric furnace (Foton spacecraft have also flown the Zona 1, Zona 4, Splav 2, and Konstanta 2 electric furnaces as well as the Kashtan electrophoresis unit). Foton 6, which also carried the European Biopan life sciences experiments, was successfully recovered on the 15th day.References: 1, 2, 6, 69. 1990 April 13 - 18:53 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2072 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4KS1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 232 km (144 mi). Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). Inclination: 64.70 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-033A. USAF Sat Cat: 20568. Duration: 225.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-11-21. Photo/digital surveillance. References: 1, 2, 6. 1990 April 13 - 22:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 6000. Model: Delta 6925-8. LV Configuration: Delta 6925-8 D194. Palapa B2R Nation: Indonesia. Program: Palapa. Mass: 1,200 kg (2,600 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376. Agency: Perumtel. Perigee: 35,784 km (22,235 mi). Apogee: 35,795 km (22,241 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-034A. USAF Sat Cat: 20570. Refurbished Palapa B2 retrieved by STS-51A; 107.7 deg E. Communication services for Indonesia, the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), and Papua New Guinea. Launch time 2227:59.719 Z. Launch complex 17, ETR. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 108 deg E in 1990-1999 As of 29 August 2001 located at 42.49 deg E drifting at 0.002 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 163.55E drifting at 2.663W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 17 - Astronaut Ronald Ellwin (Ron) Evans dies at age of 56 -- Natural causes - Heart attack. Nation: USA. 1990 April 17 - 06:00 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.63UG. Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 931. 1990 April 17 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2073 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 173 km (107 mi). Apogee: 239 km (148 mi). Inclination: 82.40 deg. Period: 88.60 min. COSPAR: 1990-035A. USAF Sat Cat: 20573. Duration: 11.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-04-28. Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 19 - Cosmonaut Vladislav Ivanovich Gulyayev dies at age of 52 -- Natural causes. Nation: USSR. 1990 April 20 - 18:41 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC133. Launch Pad: LC133/3?. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53726-195. Cosmos 2074 Nation: USSR. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Parus. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 963 km (598 mi). Apogee: 1,005 km (624 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.80 min. COSPAR: 1990-036A. USAF Sat Cat: 20577. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 107. 1990 April 21 - 10:15 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.73UG. Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 931. 1990 April 24 - 12:33 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39. Launch Pad: LC39B. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Model: Space Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-31R. STS-31 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Discovery F10 / Hubble Space Telescope. Mass: 13,005 kg (28,671 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Discovery. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 585 km (363 mi). Apogee: 615 km (382 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 96.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-037A. USAF Sat Cat: 20579. Duration: 5.05 days. Decay Date: 1990-04-29. Crew: Bolden, Hawley, McCandless, Shriver, Sullivan. Flight: STS-31. Deployed HST (Hubble Space Telescope). Payloads: Deployment of Hubble Space Telescope, IMAX camera in payload bay and in crew compartment, Protein Crystal Growth III-03, Investigation Into Polymer Membrane Process-ing- 01, Air Force Maui Optical Site-05, Radiation Monitoring Equipment III-01, Student Experiment 82-16, and Ascent Particle Monitor 01.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 7. HST Hubble Space Telescope Nation: USA. Payload: Hubble Space Telescope. Mass: 10,863 kg (23,948 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: HST. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 590 km (360 mi). Apogee: 596 km (370 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 96.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-037B. USAF Sat Cat: 20580. Hubble Space Telescope; deployed from STS-31 4/25/90. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 25 - 05:32 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Terrier Malemute. LV Configuration: Terrier Malemute SDIO BSUV. Terrier Malemute Bow Shock 1 re-entry vehicle test flight Nation: USA. Agency: SDIO. Apogee: 721 km (448 mi). References: 1915. 1990 April 25 - 13:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132. Launch Pad: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 65061-253. Cosmos 2075 Nation: USSR. Mass: 1,000 kg (2,200 lb). Class: Calibration. Spacecraft: Taifun-2. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 418 km (259 mi). Apogee: 439 km (272 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 93.20 min. COSPAR: 1990-038A. USAF Sat Cat: 20581. Decay Date: 1992-02-20. Released 25 Romb radar calibration subsatellites. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 26 - 01:37 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M ML. Molniya 1-77 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 724 km (449 mi). Apogee: 39,625 km (24,621 mi). Inclination: 64.40 deg. Period: 717.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-039A. USAF Sat Cat: 20583. Decay Date: 2005-02-25. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 April 27 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Aries. LV Configuration: Aries GL A24.570. Aries EXCEDE-3 Active Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: SDIO. Apogee: 116 km (72 mi). References: 780. 1990 April 28 - 09:45 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.74UG. Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 931. 1990 April 28 - 11:37 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Pad: LC16/2. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M 2BL. Cosmos 2076 Nation: USSR. Payload: Oko #63. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Oko. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 5,748 km (3,571 mi). Apogee: 34,572 km (21,482 mi). Inclination: 68.00 deg. Period: 717.10 min. COSPAR: 1990-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 20596. Covered Oko constellation plane 1 - 277 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 100. 1990 April 29 - Landing of STS-31 Nation: USA. Flight: STS-31. STS-31 landed at 13:44 GMT. 1990 April 30 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Poseidon. Poseidon DASO-61 demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796. 1990 May - Launch Site: Musudan. Launch Vehicle: Nodong 1. Nodong 1 Test mission Nation: Korea North. Agency: CMIK. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. 1990 May 2 - Cosmonaut Oleg Anatolyevich Yakovlev dies at age of 49 -- Natural causes. Nation: USSR. 1990 May 5 - 20:44 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. LV Configuration: Soyuz 11A511U2 T15000-041. Progress 42 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress s/n 150. Mass: 7,011 kg (15,456 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 188 km (116 mi). Apogee: 243 km (150 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 88.80 min. COSPAR: 1990-041A. USAF Sat Cat: 20602. Duration: 21.66 days. Completed Operations Date: 1990-05-28 12:27:29. Decay Date: 1990-05-28 12:27:29. Flight: Mir EO-6. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir; last of original design Progress spacecraft. Conducted fifth and final test of Buran ejection seat during ascent to orbit. The K-36M.11F35 seat was installed in an 'experimental droppable compartment' installed in place of the Launch Escape Tower engine on top of the shroud. Docked with Mir on 7 May 1990 22:45:03 GMT. Undocked on 27 May 1990 07:08:58 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 27 May 1990 12:27:30 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.31 days. Total docked time 19.35 days.References: 1, 2, 6, 275. 1990 May 7 - 18:39 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2077 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 182 km (113 mi). Apogee: 328 km (203 mi). Inclination: 62.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. COSPAR: 1990-042A. USAF Sat Cat: 20604. Duration: 58.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-07-04. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1, 2, 6, 179. 1990 May 9 - 17:50 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC5. Launch Pad: SLC5. Launch Vehicle: Scout G. Model: Scout G-1. LV Configuration: Scout G-1 S212C. Macsat 1; M-1 Nation: USA. Payload: MacSat 1. Mass: 68 kg (149 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Macsat. Agency: DARPA. Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Apogee: 753 km (467 mi). Inclination: 89.90 deg. Period: 98.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-043A. USAF Sat Cat: 20607. Multiple Access Communications Satellite; global store and forward communications. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Macsat 2; M-2 Nation: USA. Payload: MacSat 2. Mass: 68 kg (149 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Macsat. Agency: DARPA. Perigee: 600 km (370 mi). Apogee: 749 km (465 mi). Inclination: 89.90 deg. Period: 98.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-043B. USAF Sat Cat: 20608. Multiple Access Communications Satellite; global store and forward communications. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 May 11 - Zvezda Engineer Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: USSR. 1990 May 11 - Buran Cosmonaut Training Group 3 Supplemental selected. Nation: USSR. Experienced test pilots were selected to train for manned missions using the Buran space shuttle. 1990 May 11 - Journalist Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: USSR. 1990 May 11 - Soviet Air Force Cosmonaut Training Group 11 selected. Nation: USSR. 1990 May 13 - 03:52 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-178. Skylark TEXUS 25 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: MBB. Apogee: 234 km (145 mi). References: 1582. 1990 May 13 - 21:29 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Vehicle: Taurus Orion. LV Configuration: Taurus Orion NASA 33.59GE. Taurus Orion Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 931. 1990 May 14 - 20:26 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Vehicle: Taurus Orion. LV Configuration: Taurus Orion NASA 33.60GE. Taurus Orion Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 931. 1990 May 15 - 02:45 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-179. Skylark TEXUS 26 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: MBB. Apogee: 235 km (146 mi). References: 1582. 1990 May 15 - 09:55 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2078 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-1KFT no. 12. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartography. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-044A. USAF Sat Cat: 20615. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-06-28. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. References: 1, 2, 6, 101, 102. 1990 May 15 - 13:10 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol'. Topol Test mission Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 1838. 1990 May 16 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF08. Launch Vehicle: Peacekeeper. LV Configuration: Peacekeeper 03PA. Peacekeeper Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 916. 1990 May 16 - 13:40 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9CM1. LV Configuration: Black Brant 9CM1 Starfire 3. Black Brant CONSORT 3 Microgravity mission Nation: USA. Agency: SSI. Apogee: 320 km (190 mi). CONSORT 3 - 12 microgravity experiments References: 1812. 1990 May 17 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: R-36M. Model: R-36MU 15A18. R-36M Joint flight trials launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 1838. 1990 May 19 - 08:32 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/40. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K / 11S861. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 350-01. Cosmos 2079 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 46L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,062 km (11,844 mi). Apogee: 19,195 km (11,927 mi). Inclination: 65.30 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 20619. Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of the Soviet Union's civil aircraft and vessels in its merchant marine and fishing fleet. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2080 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 51L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,113 km (11,876 mi). Apogee: 19,145 km (11,896 mi). Inclination: 65.30 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-045B. USAF Sat Cat: 20620. Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of the Soviet Union's civil aircraft and vessels in its merchant marine and fishing fleet. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2081 Nation: USSR. Payload: Glonass s/n 52L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,094 km (11,864 mi). Apogee: 19,164 km (11,907 mi). Inclination: 65.40 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-045C. USAF Sat Cat: 20621. Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of the Soviet Union's civil aircraft and vessels in its merchant marine and fishing fleet. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274. 1990 May 21 - 19:20 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol'. Topol Test mission Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 1838. 1990 May 22 - 05:14 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC45. Launch Pad: LC45/2. Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Model: Zenit-2. Cosmos 2082 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-2 no. 9. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-2. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 838 km (520 mi). Apogee: 857 km (532 mi). Inclination: 71.00 deg. Period: 101.90 min. COSPAR: 1990-046A. USAF Sat Cat: 20624. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 May 25 - 08:10 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol'. Topol Test mission Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 1838. 1990 May 29 - 07:19 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43/4. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Resurs F-06 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Payload: Resurs-F1 14F43 s/n 50. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Resurs F1-14F43. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 175 km (108 mi). Apogee: 231 km (143 mi). Inclination: 82.40 deg. Period: 88.60 min. COSPAR: 1990-047A. USAF Sat Cat: 20632. Duration: 16.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-06-14. Also carried German microgravity experiment. Investigation of the natural resources of the Earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR; solution of problems relating to ecology and international cooperation. In accordance with a commercial agreement, apparatus belo nging to the Federal Republic of Germany is also being carried for the purpose of conducting biotechnological experiments.References: 1, 2, 6. 1990 May 31 - 10:33 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/39. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K. Model: Proton-K. LV Configuration: Proton-K 360-01. Kristall Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: 77KST s/n 17201. Mass: 19,640 kg (43,290 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Kristall. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 388 km (241 mi). Apogee: 397 km (246 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min. COSPAR: 1990-048A. USAF Sat Cat: 20635. Decay Date: 2001-03-23. Flight: Mir EO-6. Mir module; materials processing laboratory. Docked with Mir. Kristall: Mass: 19,500 kg. Mass on docking 17,200 kg. Length: 11. 9 m or 13. 73 m?. Solar array span 36 m. Diameter: 4. 35 m. Payload: 7,000 kg. Two compartments. Instrument-Payload Compartment contains food containers, and industrial processing units Krater 3, Optizon 1, Zona 02, and Zona 03. 0. 8 m hatch leads to Junction-Docking compartment. This contains spherical universal docker with two APAS-89 androgynous docking units. These will be used to dock with Buran shuttle and 1,000 kg X-ray telescope to be delivered by Buran in 1991. Third opening houses earth observation cameras. Launch originally planned for 30 March 1990. Delayed to April 18, then further delayed due to computer chip problems. Launched 31 May 1990 12:33 GMT. Docking scheduled June 6 at 12:36 but delayed due to problem with one of Kristall's orientation engines. Docking successful 10 June at 12:47. On June 11 moved to side port. Work within module began 15 June. Spektr: Late 1991 launch. Remote sensing work. Occupies port opposite Kvant 2. Before this occurs Kristall solar arrays will be relocated to Kvant. Officially: Specialized module. Experimental-industrial production of semi-conducting materials; refinement of biologically active substances for the production of new medicinal preparations. Cultivation of crystals of different albumine compositions and hybridizatio n of cells. Conduct of astrophysical and technical experiments. References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 274. 1990 June 1 - U.S.-Soviet summit reaches accord on armaments Nation: International. 1990 Jun - Launch Site: Musudan. Launch Vehicle: Hwasong. Model: Hwasong 6. Hwasong Test mission Nation: Korea North. Agency: DPRK. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 789. 1990 June 1 - 14:25 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.69UL. Black Brant Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 931. 1990 June 1 - 21:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17A. Launch Vehicle: Delta 6000. Model: Delta 6920-10. LV Configuration: Delta 6920-10 D195. ROSAT Nation: Germany. Mass: 2,426 kg (5,348 lb). Class: Astronomy. Spacecraft: ROSAT. Agency: DLR. Perigee: 539 km (334 mi). Apogee: 554 km (344 mi). Inclination: 53.00 deg. Period: 95.60 min. COSPAR: 1990-049A. USAF Sat Cat: 20638. West German extreme UV, X-ray telescope; all-sky survey. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 June 6 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Completion of Peacekeeper Rail Garrison system Nation: USA. Completion of Peacekeeper Rail Garrison system facilities at Vandenberg AFB. References: 88. 1990 June 8 - 05:22 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41. Launch Vehicle: Titan 4. Model: Titan 405A. LV Configuration: Titan 405A K-4 (45H-4). USA 59 Nation: USA. Payload: NOSS 9. Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: NOSS-2. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 268 km (166 mi). Apogee: 284 km (176 mi). Inclination: 61.00 deg. Period: 90.00 min. COSPAR: 1990-050A. USAF Sat Cat: 20641. First launch by Titan 4 of new generation of NOSS naval reconnaissance satellites. However earlier NOSS weighed only 2,000 kg; Titan 4 booster has seven times this capacity. What else was launched? References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 172. USA 60 Nation: USA. Payload: NOSS-Subsat 9-1. Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: NOSS-2 subsatellite. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 1,071 km (665 mi). Apogee: 1,146 km (712 mi). Inclination: 63.40 deg. Period: 107.45 min. COSPAR: 1990-050B. USAF Sat Cat: 20682. References: 2, 5, 6. USA 61 Nation: USA. Payload: NOSS-Subsat 9-2. Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: NOSS-2 subsatellite. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 920 km (571 mi). Apogee: 1,304 km (810 mi). Inclination: 63.42 deg. Period: 107.44 min. COSPAR: 1990-050C. USAF Sat Cat: 20691. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. USA 62 Nation: USA. Payload: NOSS-Subsat 9-1. Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: NOSS-2 subsatellite. Agency: NRO/NRL. Perigee: 920 km (572 mi). Apogee: 1,303 km (810 mi). Inclination: 63.42 deg. Period: 107.44 min. COSPAR: 1990-050D. USAF Sat Cat: 20692. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. TLD Nation: USA. Spacecraft: NOSS-2. Agency: USAF AFSC. COSPAR: 1990-050xx. References: 279. 1990 June 12 - 03:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: R-36M. Model: R-36MU 15A18. R-36M Joint flight trials launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 1838. 1990 June 12 - 05:52 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 4000. Model: Delta 4925-8. LV Configuration: Delta 4925-8 D196. Insat-1D; Insat 1D Nation: India. Program: Insat. Payload: Insat 1D. Mass: 1,190 kg (2,620 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Insat 1. Agency: ISRO. Perigee: 35,729 km (22,200 mi). Apogee: 35,851 km (22,276 mi). Inclination: 3.70 deg. Period: 1,436.30 min. COSPAR: 1990-051A. USAF Sat Cat: 20643. Also performed Indian domestic communications tasks; 83.1 E. Operational multi-purpose satellite for telecommunications, meteorological imaging and data relay, radio and television programme distribution and direct television broadcasting for community reception. Orbital position 83 deg E. Also registered as 1990-5 1A in ST/SG/SER.E/250 by the United States, with category B and orbital parameters 1426.3 min, 35768 x 35811 km x 0.2 deg. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 83 deg E in 1990-1999; 74 deg E in 1999-2000 As of 5 September 2001 located at 73.85 deg E drifting at 0.000 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 71.63E drifting at 0.039E degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 June 13 - 01:07 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43/3. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M ML. Molniya 3-38 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-3 s/n 47. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-3. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 571 km (354 mi). Apogee: 39,778 km (24,716 mi). Inclination: 63.50 deg. Period: 717.70 min. COSPAR: 1990-052A. USAF Sat Cat: 20646. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network and within the framework of international cooperation. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 June 19 - 08:45 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. Cosmos 2083 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 175 km (108 mi). Apogee: 220 km (130 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 88.50 min. COSPAR: 1990-053A. USAF Sat Cat: 20657. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1990-07-03. Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1, 2, 6. 1990 June 20 - 23:36 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200. Launch Pad: LC200/40. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K / 11S86. Model: Proton-K/DM. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM 342-02. Gorizont 20 Nation: USSR. Payload: Gorizont s/n 30L. Mass: 2,125 kg (4,684 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Gorizont . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,771 km (22,227 mi). Apogee: 35,801 km (22,245 mi). Inclination: 1.50 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1990-054A. USAF Sat Cat: 20659. Completed Operations Date: 1999-02-01. Stationed at 90 deg E. Provision of telephone and telegraph communications and transmission of television programmes, continuation of work in the context of the 'Intercosmos' programme for the development of new frequency ranges and the creation of long-range systems of space c ommunications jointly with the Byelorussian SSR, GDR, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 90 deg E in 1990; 14 deg W in 1990-1995; 26 deg E in 1995-1998; 96 deg E in 1998-1999 As of 4 September 2001 located at 77.53 deg E drifting at 0.186 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 8 located at 83.10E drifting at 0.160E degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6, 67, 111, 274. 1990 June 21 - 20:45 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43. Launch Pad: LC43/3. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M 2BL. FAILURE: Fourth stage failure. Cosmos 2084 Nation: USSR. Payload: Oko #64. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: Oko. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 582 km (361 mi). Apogee: 666 km (413 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 97.20 min. COSPAR: 1990-055A. USAF Sat Cat: 20663. Decay Date: 1990-06-21. Launched into an erroneous orbit. There was no communication with the satellite. Covered Oko constellation plane 6 - 115 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 5, 6, 64, 65, 100. 1990 June 23 - 11:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC40. Launch Pad: LC40. Launch Vehicle: Titan 34D. Model: Commercial Titan 3. LV Configuration: Commercial Titan 3 CT-3. Intelsat 6 F-4 Nation: International. Program: Intelsat. Payload: Intelsat 604 / Orbus-21S. Mass: 4,215 kg (9,292 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 393. Agency: INTELSAT. Perigee: 35,780 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,792 km (22,240 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1990-056A. USAF Sat Cat: 20667. International communications; 63 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 38 deg W in 1990; 27 deg W in 1990-1992; 60 deg E in 1992-1999 As of 3 September 2001 located at 60.04 deg E drifting at 0.000 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 61.81E drifting at 6.628W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. 1990 June 26 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF26. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. Minuteman 3 FOT GT140GB Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 916. 1990 June 27 - 22:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Model: Tsiklon-3. Meteor 2-19 Nation: USSR. Payload: Meteor-2 no. 19. Mass: 2,750 kg (6,060 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Meteor-2. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 937 km (582 mi). Apogee: 960 km (590 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 104.00 min. COSPAR: 1990-057A. USAF Sat Cat: 20670. Gathering round-the-clock meteorological information. References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Previous Home Next                   Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments. Conditions for use of drawings, pictures, or other materials from this site.. To contact astronauts or cosmonauts. © Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.

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