Chronology - Quarter 4 1994

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Previous Home Next 1994 October 1 - Air Weather Service transferred Air Force Space Forecast Center to Air Force Space Command as the 50th Weather Squadron. Nation: USA. References: 569. 1994 October - XMM Prime Contractor selected. Nation: Europe. Spacecraft: XMM. 1994 October 3 - 22:42 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Soyuz TM-20 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Soyuz TM 11F732 s/n 69. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 392 km (243 mi). Apogee: 395 km (245 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.43 min. COSPAR: 1994-063A. USAF Sat Cat: 23288. Duration: 169.22 days. Decay Date: 1995-03-02. Crew: Kondakova, Merbold, Viktorenko. Flight: Mir EO-17, Mir Euromir 94, Mir EO-16, Mir LD-4. Mir Expedition EO-17. Docked at the Mir forward port at 00:28 on 1994 October 6. The Mir crew of Viktorenko, Kondakova and Polyakov boarded Soyuz TM-20 on January 11, and undocked from Mir's front port at 09:00 GMT. The spacecraft withdrew to about two hundred metres from Mir and then redocked in a test of the automatic Kurs system, which had failed in Progress M-24's attempted docking. Redocking came at 09:25 GMT. References: 2, 6,51. 1994 October 4 - 18:58 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.084UE. PIMS Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 5 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF04. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. FOT GT157GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSPC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 6 - 06:35 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIAS. LV Configuration: Atlas IIAS AC-111 / Centaur II 8202. Intelsat 703 Nation: International. Program: Intelsat. Payload: NSS 703. Mass: 3,656 kg (8,060 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: FS-1300. Agency: Intelsat. Perigee: 35,779 km (22,231 mi). Apogee: 35,792 km (22,240 mi). Inclination: 0.0400 deg. Period: 1,436.07 min. COSPAR: 1994-064A. USAF Sat Cat: 23305. 38 C-band and 20 Ku-band transponders. Initially positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 177 deg E in 1994-1996. Then reassigned to Intelsat subsidiary New Skies, redesignated NSS 703, and moved to 57 deg E after 1996. At the crossroads of three continents, NSS-703 provided cross-connectivity for Europe, Africa and Asia. NSS-703 was used for video contribution from Europe to India and Africa, and was capable of bringing signals from London to India and Australia in one hop. NSS-703's coverage included a global beam, and two C-band hemispheric beams, which covered Africa and the triangle from Eastern Iran to Japan and Australia, including all of India and China. Three steerable Ku-band spot beams targeted Europe and Iran, Central Asia and Afghanistan-Pakistan-North India. Expected end of life March 2009. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 56.96E drifting at 0.001E degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 278. 1994 October 6 - 13:22 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.112GE. FAILURE: Failure. GUARA Electrojet Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 8 - 01:07 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 44L. LV Configuration: Ariane 44L+ V68. Solidaridad 2 Nation: Mexico. Program: Morelos. Mass: 2,776 kg (6,120 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: Tele Mex. Perigee: 35,776 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,796 km (22,242 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-065A. USAF Sat Cat: 23313. 18 C-Band transponders. Stationed at 113.06 deg W. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 113 deg W in 1994-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 112.96 deg W drifting at 0.003 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 114.89W drifting at 0.001W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. Thaicom 2 Nation: Thailand. Program: Thaicom. Mass: 1,080 kg (2,380 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376. Agency: Shinawat. Perigee: 35,782 km (22,233 mi). Apogee: 35,791 km (22,239 mi). Inclination: 0.10 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-065B. USAF Sat Cat: 23314. 10 C-band, 2 Ku-band transponders. Stationed at 78.42 deg E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 78 deg E in 1994-1999 As of 4 September 2001 located at 78.46 deg E drifting at 0.008 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 78.52E drifting at 0.005W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 October 11 - 14:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Okean-O1 no. 7 Nation: Russia. Program: Okean. Payload: Okean-O1 no. 7. Mass: 1,950 kg (4,290 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Radarsat. Spacecraft: Okean-O1. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 631 km (392 mi). Apogee: 665 km (413 mi). Inclination: 82.54 deg. Period: 97.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-066A. USAF Sat Cat: 23317. Oceanography. References: 2, 6. 1994 October 11 - Landing of STS-68 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-68. STS-68 landed at 17:03 GMT. 1994 October 12 - Magellan Burnup in Venus' Atmosphere Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Magellan. 1994 October 13 - 16:19 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2M. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2M 377-02. Ekspress Nation: Russia. Payload: Ekspress s/n 11L. Mass: 2,500 kg (5,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Ekspress . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,887 km (22,299 mi). Apogee: 35,935 km (22,328 mi). Inclination: 1.70 deg. Period: 1,442.40 min. COSPAR: 1994-067A. USAF Sat Cat: 23319. First launch of new Ekspress communications satellite. Replaces Gorizont series. Ekspress 1 reached its checkout location of 70 degrees E at the end of October 1994 and was moved to its operational position at 14 degrees W shortly after the start of 1995. Stationed at 14.00W in 1995-2001. As of 2007 March 10 located at 95.05E drifting at 1.636W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 October 14 - 22:55 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 10. LV Configuration: Black Brant X NASA 35.030IE. GUARA High Altitude Spread F Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 956 km (594 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 15 - 05:05 GMT - Launch Site: Sriharikota. Launch Complex: PSLV. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: PSLV. Model: PSLV. LV Configuration: PSLV-D2. IRS-P2 Nation: India. Mass: 870 kg (1,910 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: IRS. Agency: ISRO. Perigee: 818 km (508 mi). Apogee: 820 km (500 mi). Inclination: 98.67 deg. Period: 101.29 min. COSPAR: 1994-068A. USAF Sat Cat: 23323. Remote sensing; sun-synch orbit. References: 2, 6. 1994 October 15 - 13:41 GMT - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.113GE. GUARA Electrojet Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 23 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 DASO-33. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 October 31 - 14:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 361-02. Elektro 1 Nation: Russia. Payload: Elektro s/n 1L. Mass: 2,850 kg (6,280 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Elektro . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,782 km (22,233 mi). Apogee: 35,799 km (22,244 mi). Inclination: 4.70 deg. Period: 1,436.30 min. COSPAR: 1994-069A. USAF Sat Cat: 23327. Completed Operations Date: 1998-09-01. Stationed at 76.61 deg E. Elektro 1 was finally launched on 31 October 1994, 15 years after its original public schedule. Malfunction of the local vertical sensor and the attitude control system delayed the positioning of the spacecraft at its intended location of 76 degrees E, but by early December Elektro 1 was on station. However problems with the local vertical sensor continued to plague the spacecraft, and useful images were not available. Stayed in geosynchronous orbit at 76 deg E in 1995-1998 before being shut down. As of 4 September 2001 located at 71.89 deg E drifting at 0.069 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 67.89E drifting at 0.000W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 November - Ulysses' first pass above the Sun's southern pole completed Nation: International. Spacecraft: Ulysses. 1994 November 1 - 00:37 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 42P. LV Configuration: Ariane 42P+ V69. Astra 1D Nation: Europe. Program: Astra. Mass: 2,924 kg (6,446 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: SES. Perigee: 35,773 km (22,228 mi). Apogee: 35,796 km (22,242 mi). Inclination: 0.0200 deg. Period: 1,436.00 min. COSPAR: 1994-070A. USAF Sat Cat: 23331. European DBS and radio. Stationed at 19.29 deg E. TV distribution services to Western Europe and the Canary Islands under franchise from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Contracted and controlled by the private company formed in 1985 called Société Europíenne des Satellites (SES). This is the last in a series of 4 medium power satellites, and will act primarily as Astra 1B and 1C's backup. It will also carry four 12.5 Ghz BSS transponders that can be combined for HDTV. Spacecraft: HS-601 platform.3-axis unified ARC 22 N and one Marquardt 490 N bipropellant thrusters, Sun and Barnes Earth sensors and two 61 Nms 2-axis gimballed momentum bias wheels.1658 kg nitrogen tetroxide & MMH in four spheres. Spin-stabilised in transfer orbit. Twin solar wings of three 2.16 x 2.54 m panels carrying large area silicon cells on Kevlar substrate to satisfy 3.3 kW requirement. Eclipse protection provided by Nickel hydrogen batteries. Payload: 18 eclipse protected transponders, plus six spares with 63W TWTA 10.75-10.95 Ghz FSS (&12.5 Ghz BSS) down Ku-band European beams in 250 Mhz band adjacent (below) to Astra 1C, 26 Mhz bandwidth, eirp 50 dBW min, orthogonal polarisation, operating in the FSS range Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 19 deg E in 1995-1998; 28 deg E in 1998; 19 deg E in 1998-1999; 28 deg E in 2000.- As of 3 September 2001 located at 24.18 deg E drifting at 0.006 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 23.50E drifting at 0.008W degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 November 1 - 09:31 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7925-10. LV Configuration: Delta 7925-10 D227. Wind Nation: USA. Mass: 1,195 kg (2,634 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Wind. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 48,840 km (30,340 mi). Apogee: 1,578,658 km (980,930 mi). Inclination: 19.65 deg. Period: 318,240.00 min. COSPAR: 1994-071A. USAF Sat Cat: 23333. Solar wind research in L-1 halo orbit; part of International Solar Terrestrial Physics program. 221 day orbit. NASA's Wind probe made its 32nd lunar flyby on August 19, 2000, with a closest approach of 7600 km to the surface. This placed it on a 2 million km apogee orbit, adjusted on August 26 to an approximately 567000 x 1620000 km x 21.8 deg `Distant Prograde Orbit', reaching apogee on September 29 2000. References: 2, 6. 1994 November 2 - 01:04 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC90/19. Launch Pad: LC90/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-2. Cosmos 2293 Nation: Russia. Program: EORSAT. Payload: US-PM s/n 5. Mass: 3,150 kg (6,940 lb). Class: Sigint. Type: Naval reconnaisance. Spacecraft: US-PU. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 402 km (249 mi). Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Inclination: 65.03 deg. Period: 92.78 min. COSPAR: 1994-072A. USAF Sat Cat: 23336. Duration: 497.00 days. Decay Date: 1996-05-13. Second launch of new EORSAT, second of three to be stationed at 120 degree intervals on the same orbit with a 215 degree ascending node. However cutbacks in program resulted in the constellation not being completed. Ocean surveillance. References: 2, 6, 69. 1994 November 3 - 16:59 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-66. STS-66 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Atlantis F13 / Atlas-3. Mass: 10,544 kg (23,245 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Atlantis. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 263 km (163 mi). Apogee: 263 km (163 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. COSPAR: 1994-073A. USAF Sat Cat: 23340. Duration: 10.94 days. Decay Date: 1994-11-14. Crew: Brown, Clervoy, McMonagle, Ochoa, Parazynski, Tanner. Flight: STS-66. Carried Atlas-3 laboratory; deployed and retrieved CRISTA-SPAS. Payloads: Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS) 3, Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmo-sphere (CRISTA)-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (SPAS) 1, Experiment of the Sun for Complement-ing the ATLAS Payload for Education (ESCAPE) II, Inter-Mars Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (ITEPC), Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBUV) A, Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE/NIH-R), Protein Crystal Growth (PCG-TES and PCG-STES), Space Tissue Loss (STL/NIH-C-A), Shuttle Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS), Heat Pipe Performance (HPP). References: 2, 6, 7. CRISTA-SPAS Nation: Germany. Mass: 3,260 kg (7,180 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Atmosphere. Spacecraft: SPAS. Agency: DLR. Perigee: 294 km (182 mi). Apogee: 309 km (192 mi). Inclination: 57.00 deg. Period: 90.55 min. COSPAR: 1994-073B. USAF Sat Cat: 23341. Decay Date: 1994-11-14. Released by STS-66 11/4/94; retrieved 11/12/95; atmospheric research. References: 2, 6. Atlas-3 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Atlas-3 PLT/Igloo. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1994-073xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23340. Decay Date: 1994-11-14. References: 2, 279. 1994 November 3 - 18:45 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.124AE. NCAR / CU-5 Ionosphere / solar ultraviolet mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 231 km (143 mi). References: 2. 1994 November 3 - 19:15 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.091US. MSSTA II Solar x-ray mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 272 km (169 mi). References: 2. 1994 November 4 - 05:47 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC45/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Zenit. Model: Zenit-2. Resurs-O1 No. 3 Nation: Russia. Program: Resurs. Payload: Resurs-O1 No. 3. Mass: 1,900 kg (4,100 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Resurs-O1. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 660 km (410 mi). Apogee: 663 km (411 mi). Inclination: 98.03 deg. Period: 97.98 min. COSPAR: 1994-074A. USAF Sat Cat: 23342. Studied natural resources. It carried the German Safir-R1 communications experiment as a secondary attached payload. Expected life 3 to 5 years. The spacecraft mass of 1,907 kg was slightly higher than earlier models. The principal Earth observation sensors were MSU-SK and MSU-E instruments along with an experimental PVM-E local vertical sensor . References: 2, 6, 113. 1994 November 4 - Landing of Soyuz TM-19 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Flight: Mir Euromir 94, Mir EO-16, Mir EO-17, Mir LD-4. Soyuz TM-19 undocked from Mir with the crew of Malenchenko, Merbold and Musabayev aboard at 07:29 GMT on November 4. The Soyuz instrument module (PAO, priborno-agregatniy otsek) fired its deorbit engine, and was jettisoned together with the orbital module (BO, bitovoy otsek) at 10:51 GMT, with entry interface for the descent module (SA, spuskaemiy apparat) at 10:54. It landed 170 km north-east of Arkalyk in Kazakhstan on 1994 November 4 at 11:18 GMT. 1994 November 10 - 07:30 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol. Test mission Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 November 11 - 07:21 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. LV Configuration: Soyuz 11A511U Ya15000-638. Progress M-25 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress M s/n 225. Mass: 7,125 kg (15,707 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 391 km (242 mi). Apogee: 394 km (244 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.41 min. COSPAR: 1994-075A. USAF Sat Cat: 23348. Duration: 97.39 days. Decay Date: 1995-02-16. Flight: Mir EO-17, Mir LD-4. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Docked with Mir on 13 Nov 1994 09:04:29 GMT. Undocked on 16 Feb 1995 13:03:00 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 16 Feb 1995 16:45:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.23 days. Total docked time 95.17 days. References: 2, 6, 275. 1994 November 14 - Landing of STS-66 Nation: USA. Program: Spacelab. Flight: STS-66. STS-66 landed at 15:34 GMT. 1994 November 20 - 00:39 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 371-01. Cosmos 2294 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 62L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,057 km (11,841 mi). Apogee: 19,203 km (11,932 mi). Inclination: 65.90 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-076A. USAF Sat Cat: 23396. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2295 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 63L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,105 km (11,871 mi). Apogee: 19,155 km (11,902 mi). Inclination: 65.90 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-076B. USAF Sat Cat: 23397. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. Cosmos 2296 Nation: Russia. Payload: Glonass s/n 64L. Mass: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Glonass. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 19,122 km (11,881 mi). Apogee: 19,138 km (11,891 mi). Inclination: 65.90 deg. Period: 675.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-076C. USAF Sat Cat: 23398. Glonass navigation satellite. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 November 22 - 15:40 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.103NP. Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 November 24 - 09:15 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC45/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Zenit. Model: Zenit-2. Cosmos 2297 Nation: Russia. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-2 no. 18. Mass: 6,000 kg (13,200 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-2. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 845 km (525 mi). Apogee: 857 km (532 mi). Inclination: 71.01 deg. Period: 101.96 min. COSPAR: 1994-077A. USAF Sat Cat: 23404. References: 2, 6. 1994 November 24 - 10:20 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-310. LV Configuration: S-310-23. NNP / AIR / NID / NEL Aeronomy mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 2. 1994 November 29 - 02:54 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Geo-IK Nation: Russia. Payload: Geo-IK no. 14. Mass: 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic. Spacecraft: Geo-IK. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 1,481 km (920 mi). Apogee: 1,526 km (948 mi). Inclination: 73.60 deg. Period: 116.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-078A. USAF Sat Cat: 23411. Also tested Elekon communcations payload. References: 2, 6, 114. 1994 November 29 - 10:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIA. LV Configuration: Atlas IIA AC-110 / Centaur II 8109. Orion 1 Nation: USA. Program: Orion. Mass: 2,358 kg (5,198 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Eurostar 2000. Manufacturer: Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse. Agency: Orion. Perigee: 35,781 km (22,233 mi). Apogee: 35,792 km (22,240 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-079A. USAF Sat Cat: 23413. 34 Ku-band transponders for TV. Stationed at 37.48 deg W. Launch vehicle put payload into supersynchronous earth orbit with IFR trajectory option. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 37 deg W in 1994-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 37.54 deg W drifting at 0.010 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 37.60W drifting at 0.015W degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 278. 1994 November 29 - 17:02 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-3A. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 3A CZ3A-2 (36). Zhongxing-5 Nation: China. Program: Chinastar. Mass: 2,230 kg (4,910 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: DFH-3. Agency: Chinasat. Perigee: 35,225 km (21,887 mi). Apogee: 35,957 km (22,342 mi). Inclination: 0.15 deg. Period: 1,426.15 min. COSPAR: 1994-080A. USAF Sat Cat: 23415. Completed Operations Date: 1994-12-01. The first test launch of a DFH-3 by a CZ-3A launch vehicle was successful in attaining the proper transfer orbit, but during the subsequent manoeuvres to achieve geostationary orbit, the DFH-3 failed due to a malfunction of the satellite on-board propulsion system. The satellite was positioned at 132 deg E prior to the failure. As of 4 September 2001 located at 113.80 deg E drifting at 2.499 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 2 located at 90.02E drifting at 2.513E degrees per day. References: 2, 6. 1994 November 30 - 10:30 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-213. TEXUS 33 Microgravity mission Nation: USA. Agency: DASA. Apogee: 267 km (165 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 1 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident D-5. LV Configuration: Trident D-5 DASO-13. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 1 - 21:39 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-520. LV Configuration: S-520-21. Auroral mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 344 km (213 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 1 - 22:57 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 42P. LV Configuration: Ariane 42P-3 V70. FAILURE: Stage 3 gas generator. Panamsat 3 Nation: USA. Program: Panamsat. Payload: PAS K2. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Agency: Panamsat. COSPAR: F941201A. References: 2, 5. 1994 December 3 - 07:45 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.050UG. WISP 1 Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 5 - 00:48 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Improved Orion. LV Configuration: Improved Orion SSC HYGROSOND. Hygrosonde Aeronomy mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 77 km (47 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 7 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-45. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 7 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-45. Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 8 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: LC36 L-455. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9CM1. LV Configuration: Black Brant 9CM1 Starfire 1/F7. CSAR-2 Microgravity mission Nation: Canada. Agency: CSA. Apogee: 254 km (157 mi). CSAR II (Canadian materials processing payload) References: 2. 1994 December 12 - Astronaut Stuart Allen (Stu) Roosa dies at age of 61 -- Natural causes - Viral pneumonia, a complication of pancreatitis. Nation: USA. 1994 December 14 - 14:21 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/4. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML. Molniya-1-88 Nation: Russia. Program: Molniya. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,795 km (1,115 mi). Apogee: 38,562 km (23,961 mi). Inclination: 64.10 deg. Period: 717.80 min. COSPAR: 1994-081A. USAF Sat Cat: 23420. Molniya 188, relieved Molniya 1-82 of its duties. At the end of 1994, operational Molniya satellites were 1-79, 1-80, and 1-83 through 1-88. References: 2, 6. 1994 December 16 - Discovery of QUE 94201 (Mars Meteorite) 1994 December 16 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 373-02. Luch Nation: Russia. Payload: Luch s/n 13L. Mass: 2,300 kg (5,000 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Luch . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,757 km (22,218 mi). Apogee: 35,815 km (22,254 mi). Inclination: 2.48 deg. Period: 1,436.09 min. COSPAR: 1994-082A. USAF Sat Cat: 23426. Completed Operations Date: 1998-08-01. Stationed at 95 deg E. Relaying of telegraph and telephone information. Improved Altair/SR geosynchronous satellite for communication with Mir space station and other orbital spacecraft. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 95 deg E in 1994-1997; 16 deg W in 1997-1998 As of 4 September 2001 located at 143.35 deg W drifting at 0.319 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 64.95W drifting at 0.320E degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 December 17 - 02:55 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.102UG. Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 20 - 05:11 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. Cosmos 2298 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Mass: 900 kg (1,980 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-2M. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 785 km (487 mi). Apogee: 810 km (500 mi). Inclination: 74.03 deg. Period: 100.83 min. COSPAR: 1994-083A. USAF Sat Cat: 23431. Replaced Cosmos 2150. Final operational constellation was Cosmos 2208, 2251, and 2298. References: 2, 6. 1994 December 20 - 08:50 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Yu-1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol M. LV Configuration: Topol-M 1. Test mission Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2. 1994 December 22 - 22:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC40. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 402A/IUS. LV Configuration: Titan 402A/IUS K-14 (45D-3). USA 107 Nation: USA. Payload: DSP-1 Block 14 F17. Mass: 2,360 kg (5,200 lb). Class: Early Warning. Spacecraft: DSP. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 35,780 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,790 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1994-084A. USAF Sat Cat: 23435. DSP-1 Block 14 ballistic missile launch detection satellite. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 103 deg E in 1999. Still in service as of March 2007. References: 2, 6, 127. 1994 December 26 - 03:01 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC175/59. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: UR-100N. Model: Rokot. LV Configuration: Rokot-K No. 4L. Radio-ROSTO RS-15 Nation: Russia. Payload: RS-15. Mass: 70 kg (154 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Amateur Radio. Spacecraft: Radio. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 1,894 km (1,176 mi). Apogee: 2,151 km (1,336 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 127.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-085A. USAF Sat Cat: 23439. References: 2, 6. 1994 December 26 - 22:26 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32/2. Launch Pad: LC32/2?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. Cosmos 2299 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 99. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,402 km (871 mi). Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Inclination: 82.57 deg. Period: 113.97 min. COSPAR: 1994-086A. USAF Sat Cat: 23441. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 2300 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 100. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,410 km (870 mi). Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Inclination: 82.55 deg. Period: 114.05 min. COSPAR: 1994-086B. USAF Sat Cat: 23442. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 2301 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 101. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Inclination: 82.56 deg. Period: 114.11 min. COSPAR: 1994-086C. USAF Sat Cat: 23443. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 2302 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 102. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Apogee: 1,423 km (884 mi). Inclination: 82.60 deg. Period: 114.20 min. COSPAR: 1994-086D. USAF Sat Cat: 23444. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 2303 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 103. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,430 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.56 deg. Period: 114.26 min. COSPAR: 1994-086E. USAF Sat Cat: 23445. References: 2, 6, 105. Cosmos 2304 Nation: Russia. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-3 no. 104. Mass: 220 kg (480 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-3. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Inclination: 82.56 deg. Period: 114.11 min. COSPAR: 1994-086F. USAF Sat Cat: 23446. References: 2, 6, 105. 1994 December 28 - 11:31 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2 366-01. Raduga 32 Nation: Russia. Payload: Raduga s/n 43L. Mass: 1,965 kg (4,332 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Raduga . Agency: MOM. Perigee: 35,784 km (22,235 mi). Apogee: 35,793 km (22,240 mi). Inclination: 1.41 deg. Period: 1,436.22 min. COSPAR: 1994-087A. USAF Sat Cat: 23448. Raduga 32 joined Raduga 25 and Raduga 1-1 at 70 degrees E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 70 deg E in 1995-1999. As of 5 September 2001 located at 80.00 deg E drifting at 0.001 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 73.08E drifting at 0.033E degrees per day. References: 2, 6, 67, 274. 1994 December 29 - 11:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2. Cosmos 2305 Nation: Russia. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-4KS1. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). Inclination: 64.90 deg. Period: 89.70 min. COSPAR: 1994-088A. USAF Sat Cat: 23453. Duration: 354.00 days. Decay Date: 1995-12-18. Photo/digital surveillance. References: 2, 6. 1994 December 30 - 10:02 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas E. LV Configuration: Atlas E 11E / Star-37S-ISS. NOAA 14 Nation: USA. Program: Tiros. Payload: NOAA K. Mass: 1,712 kg (3,774 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: Advanced Tiros N. Agency: NOAA. Perigee: 847 km (526 mi). Apogee: 861 km (534 mi). Inclination: 98.88 deg. Period: 102.02 min. COSPAR: 1994-089A. USAF Sat Cat: 23455. References: 2, 6, 278. Previous Home Next Contact us with any corrections, additions, or comments. 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