Chronology - Quarter 1 1998 home
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1998 January 1 -
  • International Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: Slovakia. Slovak astronaut trained for flights to the Mir space station.
1998 January - 1998 January 7 - 02:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC46. Launch Pad: SLC46. Launch Vehicle: Athena. Model: Athena-2. LV Configuration: Athena-2 LM-004.
  • Lunar Prospector Nation: USA. Program: Discovery. Payload: Discovery 3. Class: Planetary. Type: Lunar. Spacecraft: Lunar Prospector. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin, Sunnyvale (formerly Lockheed). Agency: NASA ARC. COSPAR: 1998-001A. USAF Sat Cat: 25131. Decay Date: 1999-07-31. The Lunar Prospector was designed for a low polar orbit investigation of the Moon, including mapping of surface composition and possible polar ice deposits, measurements of magnetic and gravity fields, and study of lunar outgassing events. Data from the 1 to 3 year mission will allow construction of a detailed map of the surface composition of the Moon, and will improve understanding of the origin, evolution, current state, and resources of the Moon. After launch, the Lunar Prospector had a 105 hour cruise to the Moon, followed by insertion into a near-circular 100 km altitude lunar polar orbit with a period of 118 minutes. The nominal mission duration was one year. References: 2, 296.
1998 January 9 - 23:08 GMT -
  • EVA Mir EO-24-6 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Mir. Crew: Solovyov, Vinogradov. Flight: Mir NASA-5, Mir EO-24. EVA Duration: 0.13 days. Recovered equipment; began repairs on leaky Kvant-2 airlock. Examination of airlock indicated cause was loose belt, resulting in 10 mm gap. References: 66.
1998 January 10 - 00:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7925-9.5. LV Configuration: Delta 7925-9.5 D252.
  • Skynet 4D Nation: UK. Program: Skynet. Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: ECS/OTS. Manufacturer: MMS/UK. Agency: UK MOD. Perigee: 35,776 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,795 km (22,241 mi). Inclination: 3.90 deg. Period: 1,436.00 min. COSPAR: 1998-002A. USAF Sat Cat: 25134. Geostationary at 52.8 degrees E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 53 deg E in 1998-1999; moving As of 4 September 2001 located at 34.00 deg W drifting at 0.004 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 34.33W drifting at 0.016W degrees per day. References: 2, 276.
1998 January 13 - 1998 January 14 - 21:12 GMT - 1998 January 16 - 03:25 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF03. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 2. LV Configuration: Minuteman 2 MSLS IFT-2.
  • MSLS IFT-2 Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFMC. Apogee: 1,600 km (900 mi). The same decoy set used in IFT-1A was also used in IFT-2. The target cluster consisted of 10 objects: one mock warhead, the bus (the stage of the missile which releases the warhead and decoys), and eight decoys. References: 2.
1998 January 16 - 03:46 GMT - Launch Site: Kwajalein. Launch Complex: Meck. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Payload Launch Vehicle. LV Configuration: Minuteman 2 PLV PLV.
  • IFT-2 EKV ABM test Nation: USA. Agency: USA SSDC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). Non-intercept fly-by to assess the performance of the Raytheon-built EKV seeker, collect target phenomenological data, and evaluate (post-test) target-modeling and discrimination algorithms. Raytheon was chosen as the NMD EKV contractor, partly as a result of its system's performance on this test. References: 2.
1998 January 22 - 12:56 GMT - Launch Site: Palmachim. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shavit. Model: Shavit 1. LV Configuration: Shaviyt 1 4. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed during second stage burn.
  • Ofeq-4 Nation: Israel. Program: Offeq. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Ofeq 3. Manufacturer: Israel Aircraft Industries. Agency: Israeli Space Agency. COSPAR: F980122A. Fell in Mediterranean Sea. References: 4.
1998 January 23 - 02:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-89.
  • STS-89 Nation: USA. Program: Mir. Payload: Endeavour F12 / Spacehab Double Module. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Endeavour. Manufacturer: Boeing-HB/Alenia. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 359 km (223 mi). Apogee: 382 km (237 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.00 min. COSPAR: 1998-003A. USAF Sat Cat: 25143. Duration: 8.82 days. Decay Date: 1998-01-31. Crew: Wilcutt, Edwards, Reilly, Anderson, Thomas Andrew, Dunbar, Sharipov. Flight: Mir NASA-5, Mir EO-24, STS-89, Mir NASA-6. Penultimate Shuttle mission to Mir. Andy Thomas replaced David Wolf as the resident NASA astronaut. Endeavour docked with the SO module on Mir at 20:14 GMT on January 24, 1998.

    Payloads included:

    • Orbiter middeck: CEBAS (German/US biological module with fish and snails); dinosaur skull (part of a museum educational program)
    • Bay 1: Tunnel Adapter
    • Bay 3: Orbiter Docking System/External Airlock
    • Bay 4-7: Transfer Tunnel
    • Bay 8-12: Spacehab Double Module (payloads included supplies for Mir, X-ray crystallography detector planned for the International Space Station)
    • Bay 13P: Getaway Special GABA carrier with G-141, G-145 (German materials processing experiments)
    • Bay 13S: Getaway Special GABA carrier with G-093 (University of Michigan fluid dynamics experiment), G-432 (Chinese materials processing experiment)

    Despite fits problems with his Sokol emergency spacesuit, Andy Thomas replaced David Wolf as a Mir crew member on January 25. Endeavour undocked from Mir on January 29 at 16:57 GMT and made one flyaround of the station before departing and landing at Kennedy Space Center's runway 15 at 22:35 GMT on January 31. References: 2, 7, 276.

  • External Airlock/ODS Nation: USA. Program: Mir. Payload: EAL/ODS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1998-003xx. USAF Sat Cat: 25143. Decay Date: 1998-01-31. References: 2, 279.
  • Spacehab Double Module Nation: USA. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Spacelab. Spacecraft: Spacehab. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1998-003xx. References: 2, 279.
1998 January 25 - 08:35 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-310. LV Configuration: S-310-27.
  • SEEK Ozone Aeronomy mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 183 km (113 mi). References: 2.
1998 January 26 - 12:26 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR K-NO2-230.
  • SSC MERMAID Microgravity / education mission Nation: Europe. Agency: SSC/DLR. Apogee: 132 km (82 mi). References: 2.
1998 January 29 - 16:33 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Soyuz TM-27 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Soyuz TM 11F732 s/n 76. Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Manufacturer: RKK Energiya im. S.P. Korolyov, Kaliningrad-Korolyov. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 363 km (225 mi). Apogee: 373 km (231 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 91.90 min. COSPAR: 1998-004A. USAF Sat Cat: 25146. Duration: 207.53 days. Decay Date: 1998-08-25. Crew: Musabayev, Budarin, Eyharts. Flight: Mir EO-25, Mir Pegase, Mir NASA-5, Mir EO-24, STS-89, Mir NASA-6. Soyuz TM-27 carried the Mir EO-25 crew and French astronaut Leopold Eyharts. NASA and the Russian Space Agency had hoped Soyuz TM-27 could dock with Mir while Endeavour was still there, resulting in an on-board crew of 13, a record which would have stood for years or decades. But the French vetoed this, saying the commotion and time wasted would ruin Eyharts Pegase experimental programme. Soyuz TM-27 docked at the Kvant module port at 17:54 GMT on January 31, 1998, less than five hours before Endeavour landed in Florida.

    Solovyov handed over command of Mir to EO-25 commander Musabayev, and the Mir EO-24 crew and Eyharts undocked from the forward port of Mir at 05:52 GMT on February 19 aboard the Soyuz TM-26 for their return home. On February 20, the EO-25 crew and Andy Thomas of the NASA-7 mission boarded Soyuz TM-27 and undocked from the Kvant port at 08:48 GMT. They redocked with the forward port on Mir at 09:32 GMT. This freed up the Kvant port for a test redocking of the Progress M-37 cargo ship, parked in a following orbit with Mir during the crew transfer. References: 2, 9,51, 276.

1998 January 29 - 18:37 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36A. Launch Pad: SLC36A. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIA. LV Configuration: Atlas IIA AC-109.
  • USA 137 Nation: USA. Payload: CAPRICORN?. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: CAPRICORN. Manufacturer: Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo. Agency: NRO. Perigee: 200 km (120 mi). Apogee: 39,500 km (24,500 mi). Inclination: 63.40 deg. COSPAR: 1998-005A. USAF Sat Cat: 25148. Classified satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office. It was likely that it was a technology test satellite combining equipment for several future projects, including a prototype COBRA BRASS infrared early warning satellite sensor. The project seemed to have been several years behind schedule (based on the launch vehicle serial number. References: 2, 278.
1998 January 31 - 04:30 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-520. LV Configuration: S-520-22.
  • SOLAR-B XDT Solar x-ray / ultraviolet mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi). References: 2.
1998 January 31 - 23:43 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Sonda. Model: VS-30. LV Configuration: VS-30 XV-03 RONALD 2.
  • DLR AL-VS30-229 Aeronomy mission Nation: Germany. Agency: INPE/DLR. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 2.
1998 January 31 - 1998 February 1 -
  • Kelly demonstrates towing. Nation: USA. Program: X-Prize. Spacecraft: LB-X. Kelly Space & Technology (San Bernardino, CA, USA) successfully demonstrates vehicle towing.
1998 February 4 - 23:29 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 44LP. LV Configuration: Ariane 44LP-3 V105.
  • Brasilsat B3 Nation: Brazil. Program: Brasilsat. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376W. Manufacturer: Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo. Agency: Embratel. Perigee: 35,780 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,795 km (22,241 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-006A. USAF Sat Cat: 25152. Geostationary at 84.0 degrees W. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 84 deg W in 1998-1999 As of 3 September 2001 located at 84.03 deg W drifting at 0.009 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 84.07W drifting at 0.013W degrees per day. References: 2, 276.
  • Inmarsat 3 F5 Nation: International. Program: Inmarsat. Mass: 1,021 kg (2,250 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 4000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin Telecommunications, East Windsor (formerly RCA). Agency: Inmarsat. Perigee: 35,775 km (22,229 mi). Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.50 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-006B. USAF Sat Cat: 25153. Geostationary at 25.0 degrees E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 25 deg E in 1998-1999 As of 24 July 2001 located at 25.09 deg E drifting at 0.020 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 25.07E drifting at 0.017W degrees per day. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 5 - 08:30 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: SS-520. LV Configuration: SS-520 SS-520-1.
  • ENA / EPS / LAP Test / plasma mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 750 km (460 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 7 - 07:40 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 DLR K-GR-231.
  • TEXUS 36 Microgravity mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 238 km (147 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 10 -
  • Galileo, Europa 13 Flyby Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Galileo.
1998 February 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-49.
  • Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-49.
  • Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-49.
  • Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident C-4. LV Configuration: Trident C-4 FCET-49.
  • Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 10 - 13:20 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: 576E. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Taurus. Model: Taurus 2210. LV Configuration: Taurus 2210 T2.
  • GFO Nation: USA. Class: Earth. Type: Radarsat. Spacecraft: GFO. Manufacturer: Ball Aerospace, Boulder. Agency: USN. Perigee: 786 km (488 mi). Apogee: 788 km (489 mi). Inclination: 108.10 deg. Period: 100.60 min. COSPAR: 1998-007A. USAF Sat Cat: 25157. Altimeter. References: 2, 276.
  • Orbcomm G1 Nation: USA. Program: Orbcomm. Payload: Orbcomm s/n FM3. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Microstar. Manufacturer: Orbital Sciences Corp., Germantown (formerly Fairchild). Agency: Orbcomm. Perigee: 781 km (485 mi). Apogee: 874 km (543 mi). Inclination: 107.99 deg. Period: 101.46 min. COSPAR: 1998-007B. USAF Sat Cat: 25158. Plane G. Ascending node 297.9 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Orbcomm G2 Nation: USA. Program: Orbcomm. Payload: Orbcomm s/n FM4. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Microstar. Manufacturer: Orbital Sciences Corp., Germantown (formerly Fairchild). Agency: Orbcomm. Perigee: 783 km (486 mi). Apogee: 871 km (541 mi). Inclination: 107.99 deg. Period: 101.45 min. COSPAR: 1998-007C. USAF Sat Cat: 25159. Plane G. Ascending node 298.1 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Celestis-02 Nation: USA. Payload: Celestis-02/Orion 38. Class: Burial . Spacecraft: Celestis. Manufacturer: Orbital Sciences Corp., Germantown (formerly Fairchild). Agency: OSC. Perigee: 780 km (480 mi). Apogee: 876 km (544 mi). Inclination: 108.00 deg. Period: 101.50 min. COSPAR: 1998-007D. USAF Sat Cat: 25160. References: 2.
1998 February 11 - 09:42 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Improved Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Improved Orion DLR K-NO2-232.
  • Mini-Texus 5 Microgravity mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DLR. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 14 - 14:34 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7420-10C. LV Configuration: Delta 7420-10C D253.
  • Globalstar FM1 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar s/n FM1. Mass: 222 kg (489 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalst. Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 114.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 25162. Plane 1. Ascending node 43.9 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Globalstar FM2 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar s/n FM2. Mass: 222 kg (489 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalst. Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Inclination: 52.01 deg. Period: 114.08 min. COSPAR: 1998-008B. USAF Sat Cat: 25163. Plane 1. Ascending node 43.8 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Globalstar FM3 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar s/n FM3. Mass: 222 kg (489 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalst. Perigee: 1,509 km (937 mi). Apogee: 1,520 km (940 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 116.30 min. COSPAR: 1998-008C. USAF Sat Cat: 25164. Plane 1. Ascending node 42.4 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Globalstar FM4 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar s/n FM4. Mass: 222 kg (489 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalst. Perigee: 1,412 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,416 km (879 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 114.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-008D. USAF Sat Cat: 25165. Plane 1. Ascending node 43.6 degrees. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 15 - 1998 February 17 - 10:35 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Cosmos 2349 Nation: Russia. Payload: Yantar-1KFT s/n 19. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Cartography. Spacecraft: Yantar-1KFT. Manufacturer: TsSKB-Progress, Samara. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 212 km (131 mi). Apogee: 327 km (203 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 89.90 min. COSPAR: 1998-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 25167. Duration: 44.00 days. Decay Date: 1998-04-02. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed in Kazakhstan April 2 1998. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 18 - 13:58 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7920-10C. LV Configuration: Delta 7920-10C D254.
  • Iridium 52 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV052. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-010A. USAF Sat Cat: 25169. Plane 5. Ascending node 294.1 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Iridium 56 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV056. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-010B. USAF Sat Cat: 25170. Plane 5. Ascending node 294 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Iridium 54 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV054. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-010C. USAF Sat Cat: 25171. Plane 5. Ascending node 294.2 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Iridium 50 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV050. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-010D. USAF Sat Cat: 25172. Plane 5. Ascending node 294.2 degrees. References: 2, 276.
  • Iridium 53 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV053. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-010E. USAF Sat Cat: 25173. Plane 5. Ascending node 294.2 degrees. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 19 - Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Vehicle: R-29. Model: Shtil.
  • Operational test Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 19 - Launch Site: Barents Sea Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 69.5 N x 34.2 E. Launch Vehicle: R-29. Model: Shtil.
  • Operational test Nation: Russia. Agency: VMF RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 19 -
  • Landing of Soyuz TM-26 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Flight: Mir Pegase, Mir NASA-6, Mir EO-24, Mir EO-25. Solovyov and Vinogradov together with French astronaut Eyharts (launched aboard Soyuz TM-27) undocked from the forward port on Mir at 05:52 GMT on February 19, 1998, fired their deorbit engines at 08:16 GMT and landed in Kazakstan at 50 deg 11 N, 67 deg 31 E at 09:10 GMT.
1998 February 20 - 00:09 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.117UE.
  • Coqui Dos SAL Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 115 km (71 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 20 - 00:37 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.119UE.
  • Coqui Dos Ionosphere / release mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 20 - 08:23 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF04. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. LV Configuration: Minuteman 3 GT166GB. FAILURE: Failure.
  • FOT GT166GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSPC. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 21 - 07:55 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: Y. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: H-2. Model: H-II. LV Configuration: H-II H-II-5F.
  • Kakehashi Nation: Japan. Payload: COMETS. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Kakehashi. Manufacturer: Toshiba/NEC. Agency: NASDA. Perigee: 1,033 km (641 mi). Apogee: 17,727 km (11,015 mi). Inclination: 30.10 deg. Period: 328.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-011A. USAF Sat Cat: 25175. Kakehashi, meaning 'Bridge', was called Communuications and Broadcasting Experimental Test Satellite (COMETS) before launch. It contained Ka-band communications and inter-satellite data relay payloads. Premature shutdown 44 seconds into the H-II second stage second burn put the satellite into a much lower than planned orbit. The on-board Unified Propulsion System was used to raise it to a more useful orbit. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 24 -
  • Energia Engineer Cosmonaut Training Group 14 Supplemental selected. Nation: Russia.
1998 February 25 - 03:17 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.118UE.
  • Coqui Dos Ionosphere / release mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 25 - 07:43 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Honest John. Model: Taurus Orion. LV Configuration: Taurus Orion NASA 33.067UE.
  • Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 25 - 07:50 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Terrier. Model: Terrier Improved Orion. LV Configuration: Terrier Improved Orion NASA 41.08UE.
  • EDDY Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi). References: 2.
1998 February 26 - 07:07 GMT - Launch Site: Point Arguello WADZ. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 36.0 N x 123.0 W. Launch Vehicle: Pegasus. Model: Pegasus XL. LV Configuration: Pegasus XL F20.
  • SNOE Nation: USA. Program: STEDI. Class: Earth. Spacecraft: SNOE. Manufacturer: University of Colorado, Boulder. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 529 km (328 mi). Apogee: 581 km (361 mi). Inclination: 97.70 deg. Period: 95.80 min. COSPAR: 1998-012A. USAF Sat Cat: 25233. Decay Date: 2003-12-13. SNOE, the Student Nitric Oxide Explorer. Small satellite built by the University of Colorado to measure the Nitric Oxide density as a function of altitude. First satellite in the STEDI (Student Explorer Demonstration Initiative) program. References: 2, 276.
  • Teledesic 1 Nation: USA. Payload: BATSAT. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Teledesic. Manufacturer: Orbital Sciences Corp., Germantown (formerly Fairchild). Agency: Teledesic. Perigee: 532 km (330 mi). Apogee: 577 km (358 mi). Inclination: 97.70 deg. Period: 95.70 min. COSPAR: 1998-012B. USAF Sat Cat: 25234. Decay Date: 2000-10-09. Communications Technology Demonstrator. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 27 - 22:38 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 42P. LV Configuration: Ariane 42P-3 V106.
  • Hot Bird 4 Nation: Europe. Program: Eutelsat. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Eurostar 2000. Manufacturer: Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse. Agency: Eutelsat. Perigee: 35,773 km (22,228 mi). Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.00 min. COSPAR: 1998-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 25237. Geostationary at 13.0 degrees E. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 13 deg E in 1998-1999 As of 2 June 2001 located at 14.35 deg E drifting at 0.065 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 7.18W drifting at 0.004W degrees per day. References: 2, 276.
1998 February 28 - 00:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36B. Launch Pad: SLC36B. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas IIAS. LV Configuration: Atlas IIAS AC-151.
  • Intelsat 806 Nation: International. Program: Intelsat. Payload: NSS 806. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 7000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin Telecommunications, East Windsor (formerly RCA). Agency: Intelsat. Perigee: 35,775 km (22,229 mi). Apogee: 35,799 km (22,244 mi). Inclination: 0.10 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-014A. USAF Sat Cat: 25239. Initially positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 40 deg W in 1998-2001. 36 C-band and 6 Ku-band transponders. Later assigned to Intelsat spin-off New Skies, redesignated NSS-806, and moved to 319.5º East, giving it an optimum view of Latin American markets while also reaching the Iberian peninsula, the Canary Islands, Western Europe and much of Eastern Europe. Its tailored, high-powered hemispheric beam provided simultaneous coverage of both Europe and the Americas, with virtually complete coverage of North, Central and South America, therefore ensuring the maximum reach throughout Spanish and Portuguese speaking markets. Expected end of life July 2016. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 40.47W drifting at 0.007W degrees per day. References: 2, 276, 278.
1998 March -
  • Clark satellite cancelled Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Clark. Clark was to have demonstrated advanced spacecraft technologies. Contract was cancelled by NASA in March 1998 when overruns had reached 20% of original contract price and no end to development was in site.
1998 March 2 -
  • International Cosmonaut Training Group selected. Nation: Slovakia. Slovak astronauts trained for flights to the Mir space station.
1998 March 3 -
  • EVA Mir EO-25-1 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Space station. Spacecraft: Mir. Crew: Musabayev, Budarin. Flight: Mir NASA-6, Mir EO-25. EVA Duration: 0.0658 days. Inner and outer airlocks of Kvant-2 module were depressurised for EVA. However the crew could not open the outer hatch, repaired on 2 January 1998 by Solovyov and Vinogradov. The planned EVA was cancelled.
1998 March 3 - 22:33 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR K-NO2-233.
  • SSC NLTE-1 Atomic 2A Ionosphere mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 134 km (83 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 6 - 21:26 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hawk. Model: Nike Orion. LV Configuration: Nike Orion DLR K-NO2-234.
  • SSC NLTE-2 Atomic 2B Ionosphere mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 134 km (83 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 7 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident D-5. LV Configuration: Trident D-5 FCET-18.
  • 78? Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 7 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident D-5. LV Configuration: Trident D-5 FCET-18.
  • Trident D-5 78? operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 7 - 01:33 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.114UE.
  • Coqui Dos Ionosphere/Release mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident D-5. LV Configuration: Trident D-5 FCET-19.
  • 80? Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 10 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Trident. Model: Trident D-5. LV Configuration: Trident D-5 FCET-19.
  • Trident D-5 80? operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 11 - 23:39 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.159UE.
  • Coqui Dos LaTuR Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 12 - Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -.
  • X-38 V-131 Flight 1 Nation: USA. Program: ISS. Spacecraft: X-38. After dropping away from its B-52 mothership, the X-38 deployed a ram-air parafoil, and maneuvered to a precise landing on the Edwards Air Force Base bombing range.
1998 March 14 - 22:45 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Progress M-38 Nation: Russia. Program: Mir. Payload: Progress M s/n 240. Mass: 7,007 kg (15,447 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M. Manufacturer: RKK Energiya im. S.P. Korolyov, Kaliningrad-Korolyov. Agency: RKA. Perigee: 372 km (231 mi). Apogee: 379 km (235 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 92.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-015A. USAF Sat Cat: 25256. Duration: 61.05 days. Decay Date: 1998-05-15. Flight: Mir NASA-6, Mir EO-25. Progress M-38 was specially modified to carry the second VDU (Vynosnaya Dvigatel'naya Ustanovka, External Engine Unit) propulsion unit. The VDU was mounted externally on a special structure between the cargo module and the service module, replacing the OKD fuel section present on normal Progress vehicles. The crew spacewalks to extract the VDU from Progress and place it on the end of the Sofora boom extending from the Kvant module. The VDU was used to provide attitude control capability for the station. By 03:20 GMT on March 15 1998 Progress M-38 had successfully completed its first two orbital manoeuvres. It replaced Progress M-37 at the docking port on the Kvant module, with a successful docking on March 16 1998 at 22:45 GMT. Undocked May 15 at 1844 UTC, freeing up the docking port on the Kvant module for Progress M-39. Deorbited over Pacific May 15, 1998. References: 2.
1998 March 16 - 21:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC36A. Launch Pad: SLC36A. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas II. LV Configuration: Atlas II AC-132.
  • USA 138 Nation: USA. Program: UHF. Payload: UHF F/O F8-EHF. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 601. Manufacturer: Hughes Space and Communications, El Segundo. Agency: USN. Perigee: 35,771 km (22,227 mi). Apogee: 35,803 km (22,246 mi). Inclination: 3.30 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 1998-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 25258. UHF Follow-On F8 was the first Block III UHF Follow-On satellite, replacing the old FLTSATCOM satellites. It carried UHF, EHF and Ka-band transponders, including a video broadcast payload. This was the last Atlas II launch; future Atlas launches would use the Atlas IIA, IIAS and III models. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 172 deg E in 1998-1999. References: 2, 278.
1998 March 19 -
  • Beijing Space Conference Nation: China. Spacecraft: Shenzhou. Chinese papers at the meeting sketched details of future planned missions. China was likely to begin its manned flights with a single orbit around Earth, and later launch its lunar 'quest'. Existing Chinese launchers had the capability to send scientific devices, but not humans, to the moon -- it could take up to eight years to design a lunar spacecraft. Feasibility studies on trips to the moon and Mars had begun. Participants called for greater international cooperation in space and the lifting of an apparent freeze on China's participation in major joint projects. They resented China's exclusion from the International Space Station. References: 424.
1998 March 20 -
  • Starchaser 3 launch. Nation: UK. Program: X-Prize. Spacecraft: Starchaser 5. Starchaser Industries (Hyde, England, UK) unsuccessfully launches Starchaser 3 vehicle.
1998 March 21 -
  • China to Launch Lunar and Mars Probes Nation: China. Spacecraft: Chinese Lunar Base. "China will actively participate in deep space exploration during the 21st century," said Mr Yuan Jiajun, vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Space Technology. China also planned to launch two astrophysical satellites into low earth orbit, one in equatorial orbit and another in polar orbit. References: 424.
1998 March 21 - Launch Site: Alcantara. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: VLS. Model: VS-40.
  • Test mission Nation: Brazil. Agency: INPE. Apogee: 900 km (550 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 24 - 01:46 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 40. LV Configuration: Ariane 40-3 V107.
  • SPOT 4 Nation: France. Program: SPOT. Mass: 2,755 kg (6,073 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: SPOT-4. Manufacturer: Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse. Agency: CNES. Perigee: 824 km (512 mi). Apogee: 826 km (513 mi). Inclination: 98.70 deg. Period: 101.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 25260. Developed by Matra Marconi Space/Toulouse for CNES, the satellite provided 10-m resolution images with a wide field of view. SPOT 4 also carried a wide field 'vegetation' imager and a laser communications experiment. Launch was by an Arianespace Ariane 40 rocket, the base Ariane 4 model with no strap-on boosters. The liquid hydrogen fuelled third stage of the Ariane 40 entered an 800 km sun-synchronous orbit together with SPOT 4. References: 2.
1998 March 25 - 01:45 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5C. LV Configuration: Black Brant VC NASA 21.115UE.
  • Coqui Dos Ionosphere/Release mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 2.
1998 March 25 - 17:01 GMT - Launch Site: Taiyuan. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-2C/SD. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 2C-III/SD CZ2C-17 (50).
  • Iridium 51 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV051. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 751 km (466 mi). Apogee: 756 km (469 mi). Inclination: 86.45 deg. Period: 99.90 min. COSPAR: 1998-018A. USAF Sat Cat: 25262. Plane 4. Ascending node 262.5 degrees. Not in service. References: 2.
  • Iridium 61 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV061. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-018B. USAF Sat Cat: 25263. Plane 4. Ascending node 262.5 degrees. References: 2.
1998 March 26 -
  • Apstar 1A Hit by Mysterious Signal from Ground Nation: China. A mysterious signal hit one of the transmitters aboard the Apstar-1 telecommunications satellite on March 14, disrupting more than 400 securities companies' communications, cutting off service to more than 10 million pager users in China, and affecting China's earthquake monitoring systems. Technicians ruled out a problem with the satellite and tests showed the interference was earth-based. Service was restored to most users of the satellite by switching them to other channels. Apstar-1, the first comsat of Hong Kong based APT Satellite Holdings, was launched in 1994 by a Long March 3. References: 424.
1998 March 29 -
  • Galileo, Europa 14 Flyby Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Galileo.
1998 March 30 - 06:02 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7920-10C. LV Configuration: Delta 7920-10C D255.
  • Iridium 55 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV055. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-019A. USAF Sat Cat: 25272. Plane 3. Ascending node 230.9 degrees. References: 2.
  • Iridium 57 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV057. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-019B. USAF Sat Cat: 25273. Plane 3. Ascending node 230.9 degrees. References: 2.
  • Iridium 58 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV058. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 779 km (484 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-019C. USAF Sat Cat: 25274. Plane 3. Ascending node 230.9 degrees. References: 2.
  • Iridium 59 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV059. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-019D. USAF Sat Cat: 25275. Plane 3. Ascending node 230.9 degrees. References: 2.
  • Iridium 60 Nation: USA. Program: Iridium. Payload: Iridium s/n SV060. Mass: 689 kg (1,518 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: LM 700. Manufacturer: LM-S/Motorola. Agency: Iridium. Perigee: 776 km (482 mi). Apogee: 780 km (480 mi). Inclination: 86.40 deg. Period: 100.40 min. COSPAR: 1998-019E. USAF Sat Cat: 25276. Plane 3. Ascending node 230.9 degrees. References: 2.

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