Canada
Canada
Credit - © Mark Wade
Major Articles Relating to Canada
Launch Sites in Canada
  • Fort Churchill. Agency: NRC. Type: Suborbital Launch Site. Location: Churchill Research Range, Manitoba. Latitude: 58°44'03" N. Longitude: 93°49'13" W.
  • Primrose Lake. Agency: NRC. Type: Suborbital Launch Site. Location: Alberta. Latitude: 54°45' N. Longitude: 110°03' W.
  • Red Lake. Type: Suborbital Launch Site. Location: Ontario. Latitude: 50°53' N. Longitude: 93°28' W.
  • Resolute Bay. Agency: NRC. Type: Suborbital Launch Site. Location: Magnetic N Pole Station, Cornwallis I., Nunavut. Latitude: 74°41' N. Longitude: 94°54' W.
Rockets Developed in Canada
  • 5 inch HARP Gun. - sounding rocket - Status: Hardware 1958. When most people think of the HARP Program they usually think of the big 16 inch guns roaring skywards as they launch test probes into the upper atmosphere. What most people do not realise was that even before HARP small portable gun launchers were used for the same purpose and even during HARP hundreds of high altitude flights were conducted using small guns. The 5 inch gun-launch system was initially designed to satisfy the requirements of the Meteorological Rocket Network This required that an 0.9 kg (2 lb) payload be carried to an altitude of 65 km (40 miles). Typical payloads were radar reflective chaff ejected at apogee, which was tracked by radar to yield wind data, and small Metsondes which drifted to earth under large parachutes and returned radio telemetry of temperature, humidity and the like.
  • 7 inch HARP Gun. - sounding rocket - Status: Hardware 1962. The highly successful 5 inch HARP gun had demonstrated the immense versatility of small portable gun systems for atmospheric exploration. The 7 inch HARP gun system represented the 5 inch system scaled up to the largest barrel size practical, while still remaining portable.

    The 7 inch gun launcher was created by smooth boring a 175 mm gun and extending it in a similar manner as the 5 inch gun system. The completed gun barrel was 16.8 m (55 feet) long (7 inch L 92.4) and was installed in a modified T-76 mount. Two of the new guns were constructed. The 7 inch guns had 3 times the payload capacity of the 5 inch guns and an altitude capability in excess of 100 km. The 7 inch guns filled the altitude gap between the maximum 5 inch gun altitude and the minimal attractive altitude for 16 inch gun probes.

  • ADATS. - surface-to-air missile - In service-Canada & Thailand. Sea Sprint naval version in development. CO2 laser beam rider.
  • Black Brant. - sounding rocket - Status: Out of production. The Black Brant originated in a 1957 Canadian government requirement for a sounding rocket to characterize the ionosphere in order to improve military communications. Bristol Aerospace of Winnipeg, Manitoba was selected to design the rocket, while the Canadian Armament Research and Development Establishment (CARDE) was responsible for the propellant and filling. The prototype was called the Propulsion Test Vehicle. It was a relatively heavy rocket, since it was designed to stand up to the use of a wide range of engine burning time, propellant loadings and launch angles associated with fuel development. The lighter production version of the vehicle was renamed Black Brant. Later versions of Black Brant used a variety of booster and upper stages to supplement the original single-stage vehicle.
  • GLO-1B. - orbital launch vehicle - Status: Development ended 1966. When compared to the early Martlet 4 designs the GLO-1B was a considerably more sophisticated vehicle with many of the shortcomings of it's predecessor having been addressed. Not long after the original HARP project ended the major assets of the project were acquired by the projects management, Dr. Gerald Bull in particular. The HARP Program became the Space Research Corporation (SRC) with the intention of resurrecting the HARP orbital program. Over the years a much improved and considerably more sophisticated Martlet 4 was developed and given the name of GLO-1B.
  • Industrial Sounding System. - sounding rocket - Status: Development ended 2003. Columbiad Launch Services announced itself publicly in August 2003. They were then developing a high-volume Industrial Sounding System based on gun propulsion technology, which was scheduled to be fully operational by late 2004. This would also serve as a prototype for a follow-on orbital gun-based launch system.
  • Martlet 1. - sounding rocket - Status: Hardware 1964. The Martlet One Flight Vehicle was designed in mid-1962 as a first generation test vehicle for the HARP project. The primary role of the Martlet One was to test the fundamental technologies that were to be used in the Martlet Two vehicle. These included the internal ballistics of the 16" L45 smooth-bored gun system, the pusher plate/ laminated plywood sabot system and the ability to receive radio telemetry from a gun launched vehicle in flight.
  • Martlet 2. - sounding rocket - Status: Hardware 1964. The Martlet 2 series were the primary 16" gun-launched sub-orbital flight vehicles used during the High Altitude Research Program (HARP). Martlet 2's were used to conduct extensive research at altitudes of up to 180 km with some 200 flights being conducted between 1963 and 1967. The very low cost per flight, about $3,000, made it ideal for a wide variety of applications.. Typical mission payloads included chemical ejection to produce an observable atmospheric trail and assorted sensors with multi-channel telemetry.

    The Martlet 2 series was a remarkably effective and reliable launch vehicle with a nearly perfect operational flight reliably record. The primary advantages of the Martlet 2 was its versatility and its very low costs which allowed hundreds of flights with a wide variety of payloads to be flown.

  • Martlet 2G. - sounding rocket - Status: Hardware 1967. This derivative of the Martlet 2 gun-fired suborbital space probe achieved a higher scientific payload through use of a lighter sabot. 12 were flown before the program was ended.
  • Martlet 2G-1. - orbital launch vehicle - Status: Development ended 1966. The Martlet 2G-1 was the absolute minimum gun-launched satellite vehicle. Conceived when the HARP project was under threat, it was a seven-inch diameter, two-stage solid propellnat vehicle that would be sabot-launched from the HARP 16 inch gun. Its total payload in orbit would have been just two kilogrammes - ideal for today's planned nano-satellites. Unfortunately even this minimum orbital launch vehicle could not be demonstrated before the program was shut down.
  • Martlet 3. - sounding rocket - Single stage vehicle consisting of 1 x Martlet 3
  • Martlet 3A. - sounding rocket - The Martlet 3A was the first serious attempt to produce a sub-calibre, gun-launched, rocket-assisted, vehicle for the 16 inch gun system. The basic design criteria for the Martlet 3A was to gun launch a vehicle containing a rocket motor that could provide a velocity boost equal to or greater then the initial gun-launch velocity.

    The theoretical performance of the Martlet 3A was for an 18 kg payload to be carried to an altitude of some 500 km at gun-launch accelerations of 12-14,000 g’s and gun launch velocities in the range of 2100 m/sec (similar to the Martlet 2 series maximum launch parameters).

  • Martlet 3B. - sounding rocket - Once the fundamental design flaws of the Martlet 3A vehicle were identified the system was redesigned and a new vehicle, the Martlet 3B, was created.

    The Martlet 3B vehicle was similar in design to the 3A vehicle but sported several design changes intended to improve the system performance. The first major change was to replace the aluminium airframe with a alloy steel airframe in the hopes the stronger material would lead to higher mass fractions. Other improvements included the use of a larger diameter rocket motor (increasing the outer diameter to 8 inches / 20 cm) and the use of six fixed fins instead of the 3A’s four fins.

  • Martlet 3D. - sounding rocket - The Martlet 3D concept was intended to serve as a sub-orbital vehicle capable of lifting heavy payloads to satellite altitudes. The Martlet 3D was simply the first stage of the Martlet 4 vehicle ( Martlet 4A) with the two upper stages and the satellite payload being replaced with a single large payload.
  • Martlet 3E. - sounding rocket - The Martlet 3E vehicle was designed to take advantage of the portability of the HARP 7 inch guns. Unlike the big fixed 16 inch guns the 7 inch HARP guns, were portable and could be relocated to conduct launches from a wide variety of sites. It was soon determined that a gun-launched rocket vehicle for the 7 inch gun would have a similar performance to the Martlet 2 glide probe launched from the fixed 16 inch guns. Launch costs would also be about the same.
  • Martlet 4. - orbital launch vehicle - Status: Development ended 1966. The Martlet 4 was ultimate goal of the HARP program - a gun-launched orbital launch vehicle. Two versions were considered: a preliminary version with two solid propellant upper stages, and a later model with two liquid propellant upper stages. Payload of the liquid propellant version would have reached 90 kg. The initial version was in an advanced stage of suborbital flight test when the HARP program was cancelled in 1967.
Spacecraft Designed in Canada
  • Anik. - Communications
  • CTA. - Technology
  • CTS. - Communications
  • Isis. - Earth Magnetosphere
  • Most. - Astronomy Visible
Space-related People born in Canada
  • Bondar. - Roberta Lynn Bondar Canadian Payload Specialist Astronaut. Born 4 December 1945. Number of Flights: 1.00. Total Time: 8.05 days.
  • Chamberlin. - James A Chamberlin Canadian Engineer.
  • Chamitoff. - Gregory Errol Chamitoff American Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 6 August 1962.
  • Charyk. - Joseph V Charyk American Manager. Born 1920.
  • Garneau. - Dr Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau Canadian Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 23 February 1949. Number of Flights: 3.00. Total Time: 29.08 days.
  • Hadfield. - Chris Austin Hadfield Canadian Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 19 August 1959. Number of Flights: 2.00. Total Time: 20.08 days.
  • MacLean. - Steven Glenwood MacLean Canadian Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 14 December 1954. Number of Flights: 2.00. Total Time: 21.67 days.
  • Maynard. - Owen Maynard American Engineer. Born 1924. Died 2000.
  • McKay Michael. - Michael John McKay Canadian Payload Specialist Astronaut. Born 10 May 1963.
  • Money. - Kenneth Eric Money Canadian Payload Specialist Astronaut. Born 4 January 1935.
  • Payette. - Julie Payette Canadian Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 20 October 1963. Number of Flights: 1.00. Total Time: 9.80 days.
  • Thirsk. - Dr Robert Brent Thirsk Canadian Payload Specialist Astronaut. Born 17 August 1953. Number of Flights: 1.00. Total Time: 16.91 days.
  • Williams Dave. - Dr Dafydd Rhys (Dave) Williams Canadian Mission Specialist Astronaut. Born 16 May 1954. Number of Flights: 1.00. Total Time: 15.91 days.
Space-related People of Canadian Nationality but Born Elsewhere
  • Tryggvason. - Bjarni Valdimar Tryggvason Canadian Payload Specialist Astronaut. Birth Country: Iceland. Born 21 September 1945. Number of Flights: 1.00. Total Time: 11.85 days.
Chronology of Events for Canada

1958 November 8 - 01:53 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Nike-Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun CC6.01.

  • Aeronomy mission Agency: CARDE. Apogee: 139 km (86 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1958 November 13 - 08:59 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Nike-Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun CC6.02.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: CARDE. Apogee: 142 km (88 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1959 April 20 -
  • Canada-NASA sounding rocket agreement. NASA announced acceptance of proposals by the Canadian Defense Research Telecommunications Establishment for continuing joint rocket and satellite ionospheric experiments of a nonmilitary nature. References: 17. Level: 1.
1959 Sep - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I. LV Configuration: Black Brant I PTV-1.
  • Test mission Agency: CARDE. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 1051. Level: 1.
1960 October 12 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-13.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 1836. Level: 2.
1960 October 12 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-14.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 1836. Level: 2.
1960 October 28 - 12:21 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I.
  • DRTE-05 Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: DRTE. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1961 December 2 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant.
  • Black Brant launches from Wallops Island announced. Twelve Canadian Black Brant rockets for upper-atmosphere research were to be launched from NASA's Wallops Station, Virginia, as the Canadian Defence Research Board shifted the firing site from Fort Churchill because a fire largely destroyed the Canadian facilities. Capable of carrying a 150-pound payload to an altitude of 150 miles, Black Brants were to be fired from Wallops at the rate of two in December 1961, two in February 1962, six in April 1962, and two in May 1962.References: 18. Level: 1.
1962 June - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 1.
  • Martlet One Flight Vehicle designed This was the first generation test vehicle for the HARP project. Level: 1.
1962 June 15 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-1. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 98 km (60 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1962 June 15 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-2. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 92 km (57 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1962 June 19 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-3. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1962 June 28 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-4. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 13 km (8 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1962 September 29 - 06:05 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: 75. Launch Pad: 75-1-1. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena B. Model: Thor Agena B. LV Configuration: Thor Agena B 341 (TA1) / Agena B(TA1).
  • Alouette 1 Payload: Alouette 1 / TAVE. Mass: 145 kg (319 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Alouette. Perigee: 987 km (613 mi). Apogee: 1,022 km (635 mi). Inclination: 80.50 deg. Period: 105.20 min. COSPAR: 1962-B-Alpha-1. USAF Sat Cat: 424. Ionospheric research. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1962 December 13 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-6.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 90 km (55 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1962 December 13 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-5.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/V?. Apogee: 98 km (60 mi). References: 1111. Level: 2.
1963 - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 1.
  • The Martlet One Flight Vehicle was designed in mid-1962 as a first generation test vehicle for the HARP project. The primary role of the Martlet One was to test the fundamental technologies that were The main body of the vehicle was intended contain coloured chemicals for release during flight to produce a visible trail. This was to allow the wind and atmospheric conditions to be observed along the flight path. (primarily wind shear at altitudes near apogee). Ground observers were to determine the effect of high altitude winds on the chemical trail. The nose was designed to hold a small one watt radio telemetry transmitter and other electronic instruments.

    Only four Martlet Ones were manufactured. Two were flown during the initial test series and the remaining two were retired. The first Martlet One was launched on January 21, 1963. It was launched at an elevation of 80 degrees and flew for 145 seconds. During its flight it rose to an altitude of 26 km and landed 11 km down range. The second Martlet One was launched on February 1, 1963 and flew for 146 seconds. It rose to an altitude of 27 km and landed about 11 km down range. These two flights were sufficient to prove the launch concept. The initial test series also included several wooden test slugs.

    The Martlet 1 series was retired in favour of the much improved Martlet 2 family of vehicles. Also, the cost of installation of the gun and the ground support infrastructure left precious little funds for an extensive initial test series.

    MARTLET ONE SPECIFICATIONS

    • Mass: 205 kg (450 lb.)

    • Body Diameter: 0.168 m (6.6 inches)

    • Length: 1.78 m (70 inches)

    • Sabot: Metallic pusher plate with four laminated plywood centring petals; outside diameter of sabot 0.417 m (16.4')

    • Gun Launcher: 16.4 inch L45 smooth-bored gun. This was a standard 16 inch battleship gun which had the rifling bored out. Propellant load 330 kg cordite.

    by Richard K GrafLevel: 1.

1963 - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Test mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 701. Level: 1.
1963 January 21 - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 1.
  • Martlet 1 Shot 1 Apogee: 26 km (16 mi). The gun-launched rocket was shot at an elevation of 80 degrees and flew for 145 seconds. During its flight it rose to an altitude of 26 km and landed 11 km down range. Level: 1.
1963 February 1 - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 1.
  • Martlet 1 Shot 2 Apogee: 27 km (16 mi). The second Martlet One flew for 146 seconds. It rose to an altitude of 27 km and landed about 11 km down range. These two flights were sufficient to prove the launch concept. The initial test series also included several wooden test slugs. Level: 1.
1963 April 6 - 07:25 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I. LV Configuration: Black Brant I AD-1-23.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 April 6 - 04:03 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I. LV Configuration: Black Brant I AA-1-26.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 144 km (89 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 May 7 - 20:30 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-22.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 139 km (86 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 May 27 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 132 km (82 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1963 June 11 - 05:06 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-21.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 June 18 - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Test mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 92 km (57 mi). References: 701. Level: 1.
1963 June 24 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-18.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1963 June 24 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-17.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1963 September 5 - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 3.
  • Test mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). The Martlet 3A gun-launched rocket program began in the spring of 1963 with test flights beginning in September. Early Martlet 3A test flights were less then successful. At launch loads of 5000-6000 g’s the rocket motor fuel grain would fail.The Martlet 3A set a world record as the largest rocket launched from a gun.References: 936. Level: 1.
1963 October 15 - 05:34 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-19.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 145 km (90 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 October 18 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-39.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1963 October 26 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-19.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1963 October 26 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-20.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 146 km (90 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1963 October 29 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-40.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1964 Jan - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Test mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 701. Level: 1.
1964 January 9 - 05:22 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2-41.
  • Test/Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 95 km (59 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1964 January 14 - 06:05 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2-25.
  • Test/Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 January 17 - 07:21 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AD-2-42.
  • Test/Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 75 km (46 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1964 January 20 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-29.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1964 January 20 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II CC-2A-30.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1964 April 7 - 05:29 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-43.
  • Test/Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 April 9 - 07:47 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-44.
  • Test/Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 154 km (95 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 April 17 - 07:16 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AZ-2A-36.
  • Test/Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 April 17 - 00:44 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VA. LV Configuration: Black Brant VA AF-VA-35.
  • Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 172 km (106 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 April 21 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-9?.
  • Test mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1111. Level: 1.
1964 May 7 - 20:31 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II.
  • Ionosphere mission Apogee: 139 km (86 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 June - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 3B.
  • Martlet 3B final test flight The last test flights of the Martlet 3B were performed in mid-1964 after which no further work was performed by HARP on sub-calibre gun-launched rocket vehicles. Level: 1.
1964 Jun 24? - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA BB-4-1. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/NRCC. References: 1812. Level: 2.
1964 Jul 2? - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA BB-4-2. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Agency: DRE/NRCC. References: 1812. Level: 2.
1964 September 9 - 05:42 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AK-2A-59.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 September 16 - 07:58 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AD-2A-58.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 166 km (103 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1964 October 6 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIB CC-2B-49.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1964 October 7 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIB CC-2B-61.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1964 November 28 - 02:02 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-37.
  • Test/Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 January 25 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIB CC-2B-48.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1965 January 25 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIB CC-2B-56.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1965 March - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 4.
  • Martlet 4 orbital gun-launched rocket design. It was not until 1964, when agreements between the Canadian and the US governments permitted stable funding over the following three years, that HARP was able to seriously consider an orbital program. The Martlet 4 program began in the spring of 1965 with extensive parametric studies which showed that meaningful payloads could be launched into low Earth orbit from the 16 inch L86 HARP gun on the Barbados flight range using a full bore, 3 stage rocket vehicle.Level: 1.
1965 March 17 - 21:13 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AE-2A-24.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 153 km (95 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 March 19 - 06:24 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-52.
  • Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 168 km (104 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 March 24 - 06:40 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-53.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 166 km (103 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 March 25 - 05:34 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-60.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 April 22 - 05:14 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AA-3-11.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 136 km (84 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 May 27 - 23:56 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-51.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 132 km (82 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 June 3 - 20:54 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 105 km (65 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 June 5 - 20:20 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 June 5 - 22:43 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 117 km (72 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 June 8 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2A-50.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1965 June 12 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB VB-01.
  • Test mission Agency: BAL. Apogee: 378 km (234 mi). References: 790. Level: 1.
1965 June 18 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB VB-02.
  • Test mission Agency: BAL. Apogee: 362 km (224 mi). References: 790. Level: 1.
1965 Jul - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 701. Level: 1.
1965 September 20 - 23:30 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 21 - 04:24 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 21 - 09:00 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 21 - 00:52 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 21 - 07:35 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 22 - 23:24 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 23 - 07:15 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 23 - 08:07 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 23 - 05:50 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 September 23 - 09:05 GMT - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: HARP. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1965 November 29 - 04:48 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: 75. Launch Pad: 75-1-1. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena B. Model: Thor Agena B SLV-2A (B). LV Configuration: Thor SLV-2A Agena B 453 (TA5) / Agena B S-01 6102.
  • Alouette 2 Payload: Alouette 2 / Explorer 31. Mass: 145 kg (319 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Alouette. Agency: DRTE. Perigee: 503 km (312 mi). Apogee: 2,666 km (1,656 mi). Inclination: 79.80 deg. Period: 117.90 min. COSPAR: 1965-098A. USAF Sat Cat: 1804. Ionospheric research; data correlated with Explorer 31. The double-launch project, known as ISIS-X was the first in a new co-operative NASA-Canadian Defense Research Board program for International Satellites for Ionospheric Studies. Alouette was in orbit with an apogee just over a kilometre lower than Explorer 31's and with a perigee of just more than a kilometre higher. The orbits were some 3000 km at apogee and 500 km at perigee.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1966 March 27 - 07:07 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2A-103.
  • Auroral/Solar Ultraviolet mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 153 km (95 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 March 30 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AK-2A-104.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1836. Level: 1.
1966 March 30 - 04:19 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant I. LV Configuration: Black Brant I AK-1-04.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 154 km (95 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 July 19 - 05:00 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-16.
  • Ionosphere/Solar X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 July 21 - 03:27 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-15.
  • Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 August 26 - 21:30 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3-13.
  • Test/Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 September - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 4.
  • Martlet 4A orbital gun-launched rocket tests. Development trials for the Martlet 4A began in the fall of 1966 with tests proceeding into early 1967. The majority of the early work was conducted on the Highwater, Quebec test range where the structural integrity of the Martlet 4A motor during gun-launching was proven. Prior to the abrupt end of the HARP project in July 1967, soft recovery trials and flight testing had been planned for the winter of 1967/1968. At nearly one ton the Martlet 4A holds the worlds record for being the largest rocket motor ever fired from a gun.Level: 1.
1966 November 19 - 00:10 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AAD-2A-106.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 144 km (89 mi). References: 1040. Level: 1.
1966 November 29 - 06:08 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAF-4-05.
  • Plasma/Fields mission Apogee: 800 km (490 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 November 29 - 06:01 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3-12.
  • Plasma/Fields mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 December 12 - 19:06 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ACF-3-18.
  • Aeronomy mission? Agency: Canada. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1966 December 13 - 08:37 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VA. LV Configuration: Black Brant VA AAD-VA-107. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 48 km (29 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1967 January 21 - 06:38 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2-105.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 January 22 - 18:56 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2-102.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 80 km (49 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1967 February 4 - 05:21 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AA-2-101.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 183 km (113 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 April 26 - 04:15 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AFF-VB-06.
  • Test/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 396 km (246 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 April 27 - 04:10 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AFF-VB-07.
  • Test/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 398 km (247 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 May 5 - 07:26 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAD-VB-10.
  • Aurora/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). References: 1040. Level: 1.
1967 June 30 - Launch Vehicle: Martlet 2, Martlet 2G-1.
  • HARP project closed down The cancellation came only a few months before an orbital 2G-1 could be flown. Martlet 2's were used to conduct extensive research at altitudes of up to 180 km with some 200 flights being conducted between 1963 and 1967. The very low cost per flight, about $3,000, made it ideal for a wide variety of applications.. Typical mission payloads included chemical ejection to produce an observable atmospheric trail and assorted sensors with multi-channel telemetry.Level: 1.
1967 July 12 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-25.
  • Solar Infrared mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 95 km (59 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1967 July 12 - 00:23 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-24.
  • Solar Infrared mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 95 km (59 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1967 September 28 - 16:35 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VA. LV Configuration: Black Brant VA AFF-VA-119.
  • Test/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 October 5 - 04:11 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VA. LV Configuration: Black Brant VA AFF-VA-120.
  • Test/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 118 km (73 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 October 20 - 10:49 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-26.
  • Ionosphere/X-ray Astronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1967 October 22 - 09:42 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-27.
  • Ionosphere/Solar X-ray/X-ray Astronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 98 km (60 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1968 January 19 - 02:24 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AAF-2-108.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 142 km (88 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 January 22 - 03:40 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB ADD-VB-11.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 237 km (147 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 January 23 - 05:58 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2-109/ADD-VB-109.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 151 km (93 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 January 30 - 05:07 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AKD-2A-111.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 161 km (100 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 March 7 - 22:36 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMD-S2-5.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 68 km (42 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1968 March 27 - 04:40 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-04.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 290 km (180 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 3 - 13:48 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-05.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 316 km (196 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 6 - 02:45 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAF-4-10.
  • Ionosphere/Chemical release mission Apogee: 862 km (535 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 16 - 03:58 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AKD-2A-113.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 18 - 06:14 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AKD-2A-112.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 18 - 05:42 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AKD-2A-110.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 23 - 04:47 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AMF-2A-116.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 21 km (13 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1968 April 23 - 04:47 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AMF-2A-115.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 337 km (209 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 29 - 23:04 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMD-S2-8.
  • Aeronomy/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 109 km (67 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 April 29 - 03:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMD-S2-7.
  • Aeronomy/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 72 km (44 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1968 April 30 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMD-S2-6.
  • Aeronomy/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 58 km (36 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1968 May 7 - 05:10 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA NASA 19.04II.
  • Isis test/Ionosphere mission Agency: NASA/DRTE. Apogee: 820 km (500 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 August 1 - 20:20 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 380 km (230 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 August 2 - 06:19 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB ADD-VB-18.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 284 km (176 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 August 22 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: LC7. Launch Vehicle: Nike.
  • Launcher test mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi). References: 1561. Level: 2.
1968 October 8 - 05:07 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-40.
  • Ionosphere/Chemical release/Solar X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 153 km (95 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 October 9 - 03:20 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3-39.
  • Ionosphere/Chemical release/Solar X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 October 31 - 20:56 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-31.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 November 1 - 03:31 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-33.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 138 km (85 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 November 19 - 01:39 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II BB-2.
  • Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 167 km (103 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 November 19 - 04:29 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-32.
  • Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 December 13 - 09:45 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: LC7. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AAF-2-125.
  • Ionosphere/Meteorites mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 143 km (88 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1968 December 18 - 11:38 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AKD-VB-21.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 363 km (225 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 January 14 - 05:25 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAF-4-17.
  • Aeronomy/Plasma mission Apogee: 99 km (61 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1969 January 28 - 07:16 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AEF-2-118.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 149 km (92 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 January 30 - 06:46 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2. Launch Pad: SLC2E. Launch Vehicle: Delta E. Model: Thor Delta E1. LV Configuration: Thor Delta E1 485/D65.
  • Isis 1 Payload: Isis A. Mass: 241 kg (531 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Isis. Agency: CRC. Perigee: 578 km (359 mi). Apogee: 3,458 km (2,148 mi). Inclination: 88.40 deg. Period: 127.60 min. COSPAR: 1969-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 3669. Ionospheric measurements; data correlated with measurements from Alouette 1. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1969 February 13 - 23:11 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AMF-2-46.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 265 km (164 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 February 19 - 04:17 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AMF-2-117.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 124 km (77 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 March 6 - 06:14 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAD-4-16.
  • Ionosphere/Plasma mission Apogee: 791 km (491 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 March 10 - 04:40 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AKD-VB-20.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Solar mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 362 km (224 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 March 11 - 03:33 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-22.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 141 km (87 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 March 29 - 11:58 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-38.
  • Auroral mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 March 29 - 04:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-37.
  • Auroral mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 108 km (67 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 April 1 - 04:38 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB ADD-VB-23.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 372 km (231 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 April 12 - 19:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADF-3-29.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 26 km (16 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1969 April 19 - 00:10 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas. LV Configuration: Boosted Arcas AMM-BA-1.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 104 km (64 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 April 19 - 04:09 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas. LV Configuration: Boosted Arcas AMM-BA-3.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 55 km (34 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1969 April 19 - 01:17 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas. LV Configuration: Boosted Arcas AMM-BA-2.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 May 1 - 20:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AHF-4-14.
  • Ionosphere mission Apogee: 760 km (470 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 May 7 - 14:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AHF-4-15.
  • Ionosphere mission Apogee: 820 km (500 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 September 11 - 01:07 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AAD-2-122.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 September 12 - 01:02 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AAD-2-123.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 138 km (85 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 October 25 - 06:00 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AKF-3B-50.
  • Aeronomy/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 192 km (119 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 October 26 - 06:40 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3B-51.
  • Aeronomy/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 197 km (122 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 November 3 - 10:28 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3B-48.
  • Auroral/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 November 5 - 11:18 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3B-49.
  • Auroral/Chemical release mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 December 3 - 23:12 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AMF-3-46.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 December 3 - 18:51 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AMF-3-47.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 120 km (70 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1969 December 15 - 02:27 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAF-4-20.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Apogee: 760 km (470 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 January 14 - 05:41 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-29.
  • Ionosphere/Plasma/Meteor mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 128 km (79 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 February 24 - 07:19 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AAD-4-23.
  • Ionosphere/Plasma mission Apogee: 796 km (494 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 March 7 - 17:40 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3A-42.
  • Eclipse mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 March 7 - 19:03 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3A-45.
  • Eclipse mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 156 km (96 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 March 7 - 18:55 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3A-43.
  • Eclipse mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 156 km (96 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 March 7 - 18:57 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AAF-3A-44.
  • Eclipse mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 156 km (96 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 April 22 - 08:11 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AEF-2-121.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 75 km (46 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1970 April 24 - 00:52 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AMD-VB-25.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 August 16 - 03:56 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAD-VB-31.
  • Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 260 km (160 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 November 13 - 21:27 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMD-S2-9.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 98 km (60 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1970 December 7 - 21:34 GMT - Launch Site: Natal. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AKF-4A-19.
  • Aeronomy/X-ray Astronomy mission Apogee: 770 km (470 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1970 December 14 - 10:02 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAD-VB-30.
  • Ionosphere/Meteorites mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 January 13 - 20:10 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2-124.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 146 km (90 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 January 21 - 02:32 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AKD-VB-27.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 258 km (160 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 January 22 - 04:44 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB ADD-VB-24.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 January 26 - 17:23 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AMD-VB-26.
  • Ionosphere/Solar mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 282 km (175 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 February 5 - 22:46 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AKF-4B-24.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Meteorite mission Apogee: 784 km (487 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 February 20 - 03:33 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVA. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVA AKF-4A-18.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Plasma mission Apogee: 785 km (487 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 February 28 - 07:53 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AND-3-41.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 March 3 - 06:52 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-32.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 275 km (170 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 March 20 - 03:24 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II AMF-2-125?.
  • Test/Auroral/Ionosphere mission Apogee: 151 km (93 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1971 April 1 - 02:57 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2. Launch Pad: SLC2E. Launch Vehicle: Delta E. Model: Thor Delta E1. LV Configuration: Thor Delta E1 491/D84.
  • Isis 2 Payload: Isis B. Mass: 264 kg (582 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Isis. Agency: CRC. Perigee: 1,358 km (843 mi). Apogee: 1,424 km (884 mi). Inclination: 88.20 deg. Period: 113.60 min. COSPAR: 1971-024A. USAF Sat Cat: 5104. Ionospheric research. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1972 January 15 - 05:37 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AAF-3B-53.
  • Auroral mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi). Launched from Gillam, Manitoba - Latitude: 56.10 N - Longitude: 96.00 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 January 15 - 06:01 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-33.
  • Aeronomy/Plasma mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 January 15 - 06:04 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AAF-4B-25.
  • Ionosphere mission Apogee: 800 km (490 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 January 15 - 06:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas. LV Configuration: Boosted Arcas NASA 15.97UI.
  • ATT-BA-4 Auroral mission Agency: NASA/NRC. Apogee: 53 km (32 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1972 February 8 - 09:45 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-54.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Infrared Astronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 121 km (75 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 February 14 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission? Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 309 km (192 mi). References: 790. Level: 1.
1972 February 15 - 03:48 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2-114.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 133 km (82 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 March 21 - 08:37 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III AMF-3A-52.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 119 km (73 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 March 24 - 09:44 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AED-VB-28.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 193 km (119 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 May 17 - 07:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB APF-4B-26.
  • X-ray Astronomy mission Apogee: 660 km (410 mi). References: 908. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 21:39 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-61.
  • Solar Ultraviolet/X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 144 km (89 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 20:29 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-59.
  • Solar Ultraviolet/X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 143 km (88 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 21:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-60.
  • Solar Ultraviolet/X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 148 km (91 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 21:26 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-57.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 20:19 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-56.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 92 km (57 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1972 July 10 - 12:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-55.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 106 km (65 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 21:41 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-62.
  • Solar Ultraviolet/X-ray mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 152 km (94 mi). Launched from East Quoddy, Newfoundland - Latitude: 44.90 N - Longitude: 63.42 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 July 10 - 19:50 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant III. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-58.
  • Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1972 November 10 - 01:14 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 1000. Model: Delta 1914. LV Configuration: Delta 1914 580/D92.
  • Anik A1 Program: Anik. Payload: Telesat 1. Mass: 557 kg (1,227 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 333. Agency: Telesat. Perigee: 36,145 km (22,459 mi). Apogee: 36,247 km (22,522 mi). Inclination: 11.30 deg. Period: 1,457.10 min. COSPAR: 1972-090A. USAF Sat Cat: 6278. Completed Operations Date: 1982-07-15. Anik I and Anik II also registered as United States objects. .The satellites, act as space repeaters capable of receiving transmissions from earth stations and retransmitting them to other earth stations in Canada. The antenna coverage of the satellite pr ovides the capability of serving virtually all of Canada. Anik I and II had weights of 1240.59 lb and 1246.48 lb. Each satellite has 12 RF channels each capable of transmitting a color television signal or up to 900 one-way voice channels. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Americas at 114 deg W in 1973-1976; over the Americas at 104 deg W in 1976-1982 As of 1 September 2001 located at 66.14 deg W drifting at 5.205 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 107.03W drifting at 5.211W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1972 December 1 - 01:23 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AND-3B-63.
  • RF Astronomy/Infrared Astronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 185 km (114 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 January 29 - 05:02 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AAF-4B-27.
  • Aeronomy/Plasma/Fields mission Agency: NRCC?. Apogee: 760 km (470 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 2 - 06:15 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AAF-3B-67.
  • Auroral mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Launched from Gillam, Manitoba - Latitude: 56.10 N - Longitude: 96.00 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 2 - 06:20 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-36.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Plasm mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 335 km (208 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 9 - 02:53 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AAF-4B-28.
  • Aeronomy/Plasma/Fields mission Agency: NRCC?. Apogee: 760 km (470 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 22 - 03:49 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AAD-3B-64.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 207 km (128 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 24 - 01:20 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AAD-3B-65.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 February 26 - 03:23 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2-127.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 132 km (82 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 April 20 - 23:47 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 1000. Model: Delta 1914. LV Configuration: Delta 1914 583/D94.
  • Anik A2 Program: Anik. Payload: Telesat 2. Mass: 272 kg (599 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 333. Agency: Telesat. Perigee: 35,886 km (22,298 mi). Apogee: 35,952 km (22,339 mi). Inclination: 13.70 deg. Period: 1,442.90 min. COSPAR: 1973-023A. USAF Sat Cat: 6437. Completed Operations Date: 1982-10-28. Anik I and Anik II also registered as United States objects. .The satellites, act as space repeaters capable of receiving transmissions from earth stations and retransmitting them to other earth stations in Canada. The antenna coverage of the satellite pr ovides the capability of serving virtually all of Canada. Anik I and II had weights of 1240.59 lb and 1246.48 lb. Each satellite has 12 RF channels each capable of transmitting a color television signal or up to 900 one-way voice channels. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Americas at 109 deg W in 1973-1979; over the Americas at 106 deg W in 1979-1981; over the Americas at 114 deg W in 1981-1982 As of 26 August 2001 located at 0.59 deg E drifting at 1.690 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 150.94E drifting at 1.684W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1973 May 16 - 09:19 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-37.
  • Test/Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Solar mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 301 km (187 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 May 16 - 11:06 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VI. LV Configuration: Black Brant VI AAF-VI-01.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1973 June 21 - 10:30 GMT - Launch Site: Barking Sands. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB APF-4B-30.
  • X-ray Astronomy mission Agency: NRCC?. Apogee: 686 km (426 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 November 26 - 02:47 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VA. LV Configuration: Black Brant VA AMF-VA-40.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 December 4 - 18:00 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMM-S2-11.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 108 km (67 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 December 4 - 22:34 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMM-S2-12.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 108 km (67 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 December 4 - 13:45 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMM-S2-10.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 124 km (77 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 December 5 - 06:52 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMM-S2-13.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 110 km (60 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1973 December 5 - 14:05 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Skua. Model: Skua 2. LV Configuration: Skua 2 AMM-S2-14.
  • Aeronomy mission Agency: Canada. Apogee: 110 km (60 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 January 23 - 12:50 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AMD-VB-34.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 208 km (129 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 February 14 - 04:01 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AAF-4B-31.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere/Fields mission Agency: NRCC?. Apogee: 638 km (396 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 February 22 - 04:59 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2A-128.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 131 km (81 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 February 28 - 02:53 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AKF-VB-39.
  • Solar mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 246 km (152 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 March 22 - 16:56 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VI. LV Configuration: Black Brant VI AAF-VI-02.
  • Meteorites mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 78 km (48 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1974 March 26 - 21:30 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VI. LV Configuration: Black Brant VI AAF-VI-04.
  • Aeronomy mission Apogee: 81 km (50 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1974 March 29 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Chilca. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB.
  • Eclipse mission Apogee: 742 km (461 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 April 23 - 04:31 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VI. LV Configuration: Black Brant VI AKF-VI-03.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 76 km (47 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1974 December 6 - 23:32 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AMF-VB-41.
  • Cusp Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 245 km (152 mi). Launched from Cape Parry, PIN Main DEW, Inuvik Region, Northwest Territory, Canada - Latitude: 70.17 N - Longitude: 124.72 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1974 December 11 - 22:48 GMT - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IVB AAF-4B-32.
  • Auroral/Ionosphere mission Agency: NRCC?. Apogee: 600 km (370 mi). Launched from Cape Parry, PIN Main DEW, Inuvik Region, Northwest Territory, Canada - Latitude: 70.17 N - Longitude: 124.72 W. References: 1592. Level: 1.
1975 January 10 - Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IVB.
  • Periquito Plasma / Barium release mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 540 km (330 mi). Launched from Cape Parry, PIN Main DEW, Inuvik Region, Northwest Territory, Canada - Latitude: 70.17 N - Longitude: 124.72 W. References: 1562. Level: 1.
1975 January 30 - 02:15 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VB. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AED-VB-43.
  • Auroral/Aeronomy mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 244 km (151 mi). References: 1592. Level: 1.
1975 May 7 - 23:35 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 2000. Model: Delta 2914. LV Configuration: Delta 2914 596/D110.
  • Anik A3 (Telesat 3) Program: Anik. Payload: Anik A3. Mass: 286 kg (630 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 333. Agency: Telesat. Perigee: 35,845 km (22,273 mi). Apogee: 35,851 km (22,276 mi). Inclination: 9.00 deg. Period: 1,439.20 min. COSPAR: 1975-038A. USAF Sat Cat: 7790. Completed Operations Date: 1984-11-23. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Americas at 104 deg W in 1975-1976; over the Americas at 114 deg W in 1976-1984 As of 4 September 2001 located at 32.38 deg E drifting at 0.812 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 138.81W drifting at 0.829W degrees per day.References: 1, 2, 5, 6. Level: 1.
1975 October 31 - 07:12 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant VI. LV Configuration: Black Brant VI AKF-VI-07.
  • Auroral mission Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 61 km (37 mi). References: 1592. Level: 2.
1975 December 4 - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 8B. LV Configuration: Black Brant 8B AAF-NVB-01.
  • Test mission Agency: BAL. Apogee: 340 km (210 mi). References: 1562. Level: 1.
1976 January 17 - 23:27 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 2000. Model: Delta 2914. LV Configuration: Delta 2914 606/D119.
  • CTS 1 Payload: Hermes. Mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: CTS. Agency: CRC. Perigee: 35,704 km (22,185 mi). Apogee: 35,840 km (22,260 mi). Inclination: 12.80 deg. Period: 1,435.40 min. COSPAR: 1976-004A. USAF Sat Cat: 8585. Completed Operations Date: 1979-12-08. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit over the Americas at 116 deg