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Zenit-4M
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 | Zenit-4M
Credit - © Mark Wade
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Article Number: 11F691. Manufacturer's Designation: 4KM. Code Name: Rotor. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Destination: Surveillance Orbit. Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Kozlov. Planning began in mid-1967 for military systems to enter service through 1975. These included this improved model of Zenit-4 high resolution reconnaissance satellite, accepted into service in 1971. The photo system Ftor-6 replaced the Ftor-4 of the Zenit-4. The Zenit-4M was the first of the series equipped with a restartable engine which allowed adjustment of the orbit during the mission. High resolution, maneuverable; Typical orbital profile: inclination 65 degrees with altitude of 203-290 km; maneuvers to 178-312 km altitude. Also inclinations of 51.6 degrees; 72.8 degrees; 81.3 degrees. Designed duration: 13 days. Transmission frequencies observed in West: 19.150 PCM telemetry or 19.300 Morse-code. Typical orbit: 196 x 293 km, 66.1 deg inclinaton. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Associated Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.
Zenit-4M Chronology - 1964 June 18 - USSR five-year military space plan issued. -
Ministry of Defence Decree 'On military space programs for 1964-69, including the R spaceplane' was issued. The decree was issued by Defence Ministry Marshal Rodiono Yakovlevich Malinovksiy. Included in this plan were new versions of the automatic Zenit, Morya-1 (US series) spacecraft, the Spiral spaceplane, the Soyuz-R manned combat spacecraft, and others. Chelomei's Raketoplan spaceplane was cancelled.
Bibliography and Further Reading
- Kamanin, N P, Skritiy kosmos, Infortext, Moscow, 1995. The diary of the Commander of the Soviet Cosmonaut Team in the 1960's - a source of great insights into the space program. Four volumes issued to date.
- Siddiqi, Asif A, The Soviet Space Race With Apollo, University Press of Florida, 2003. ISBN: 0813026288. The definitive history of the Soviet manned space program in the 1960's to the early 1970's. Originally published as the the latter part of 'Challenge to Apollo' by NASA in 2000 as NASA SP-2000-4408. More at amazon.com...
- Grahn, Sven, Sven Grahn's Space History Pages, . Sven Grahn's occasional essays on specific topics of the Russian and Chinese space programs are outstanding. Accessed at: http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/.
- McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997.. Two-volume official history of the (now defunct) Russin space forces.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.
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