Zenit-6U
Zenit-6 Cutaway
Credit - TsSKB
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Article Number: 11F645. Manufacturer's Designation: 6K. Code Name: Argon. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Destination: Surveillance Orbit. Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Manufacturer: Kozlov.

A universal variant of the Zenit spacecraft, used in two altitude ranges, for both observation and high resolution missions. Maneuvers to high perigee during the course of a mission. Accepted for military service in 1978. Typical orbital profile: inclination 72.8, 70.4 degrees with altitude of 200-380 km; maneuvering to altitude of 360-415 km. Designed duration: 14 days. Transmission frequencies observed in West: 19.989 FSK; 39.978 FSK; 232.0 PPM-AM; 19.989 FSK; 39.978 FSK; 231.5 PCM-FM.

Typical orbit: 200 km x 326 km at 51.8 to 82.6 degrees inclin. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Associated Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U, Soyuz 11A511U2.

Zenit-6U Chronology
  • 1976 November 23 - Cosmos 867 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 250 km (150 mi). Apogee: 402 km (249 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 91.10 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1977 July 27 - Cosmos 934 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 255 km (158 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1977 March 3 - Cosmos 896 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 202 km (125 mi). Apogee: 206 km (128 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 88.60 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1977 October 11 - Cosmos 958 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 257 km (159 mi). Apogee: 351 km (218 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.60 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1978 November 28 - Cosmos 1050 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 341 km (211 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 89.80 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1979 April 20 - Cosmos 1095 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 379 km (235 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 August 31 - Cosmos 1126 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 391 km (242 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 December 12 - Cosmos 1147 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Apogee: 377 km (234 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 June 15 - Cosmos 1107 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 301 km (187 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1979 June 29 - Cosmos 1111 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 255 km (158 mi). Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.60 min. Duration: 15.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 May 31 - Cosmos 1103 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 257 km (159 mi). Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). Inclination: 62.80 deg. Period: 90.80 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 October 12 - Zenit-6 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. FAILURE: Failure.

    Photo surveillance mission.

  • 1979 October 22 - Cosmos 1142 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 382 km (237 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1979 September 28 - Cosmos 1138 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 373 km (231 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 August 12 - Cosmos 1205 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 195 km (121 mi). Apogee: 302 km (187 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 December 1 - Cosmos 1224 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 December 16 - Cosmos 1227 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 296 km (183 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 February 7 - Cosmos 1155 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 393 km (244 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 January 9 - Cosmos 1149 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 July 24 - Cosmos 1202 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 307 km (190 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 July 9 - Cosmos 1200 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 195 km (121 mi). Apogee: 298 km (185 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 June 12 - Cosmos 1187 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 294 km (182 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 June 26 - Cosmos 1189 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 198 km (123 mi). Apogee: 305 km (189 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 March 4 - Cosmos 1166 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 371 km (230 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 May 28 - Cosmos 1183 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 May 7 - Cosmos 1178 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 386 km (239 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 15.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 November 12 - Cosmos 1221 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Apogee: 399 km (247 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.50 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 October 16 - Cosmos 1216 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Apogee: 367 km (228 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1980 October 3 - Cosmos 1213 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Apogee: 313 km (194 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 October 31 - Cosmos 1219 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Apogee: 312 km (193 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1980 September 19 - Cosmos 1210 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 175 km (108 mi). Apogee: 239 km (148 mi). Inclination: 82.30 deg. Period: 88.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 April 15 - Cosmos 1264 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 382 km (237 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 April 16 - Cosmos 1265 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 197 km (122 mi). Apogee: 267 km (165 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 April 28 - Cosmos 1268 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 366 km (227 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 April 7 - Cosmos 1262 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 372 km (231 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 August 18 - Cosmos 1297 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 360 km (220 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 December 4 - Cosmos 1329 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 273 km (169 mi). Inclination: 65.00 deg. Period: 89.50 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 February 13 - Cosmos 1245 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 January 6 - Cosmos 1237 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 382 km (237 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 July 1 - Cosmos 1279 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 July 17 - Cosmos 1283 - Program: Resurs. Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 169 km (105 mi). Apogee: 242 km (150 mi). Inclination: 82.40 deg. Period: 88.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Medium resolution photo surveillance; film capsule; also performed earth resources tasks. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation.

  • 1981 July 29 - Cosmos 1284 - Program: Resurs. Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Apogee: 237 km (147 mi). Inclination: 82.30 deg. Period: 88.70 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Medium resolution photo surveillance; film capsule; also performed earth resources tasks. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation.

  • 1981 July 7 - Cosmos 1281 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 389 km (241 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 June 17 - Cosmos 1277 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 373 km (231 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 March 17 - Cosmos 1259 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 379 km (235 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 May 21 - Cosmos 1272 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 376 km (233 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 November 13 - Cosmos 1319 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 October 1 - Cosmos 1313 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 286 km (177 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 October 15 - Cosmos 1316 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 381 km (236 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1981 September 15 - Cosmos 1307 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 390 km (240 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.40 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1981 September 4 - Cosmos 1303 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 208 km (129 mi). Apogee: 363 km (225 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 April 21 - Cosmos 1352 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 December 23 - Cosmos 1425 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 220 km (130 mi). Apogee: 352 km (218 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 December 3 - Cosmos 1422 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 228 km (141 mi). Apogee: 288 km (178 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.70 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 February 16 - Cosmos 1338 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 186 km (115 mi). Apogee: 376 km (233 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 January 20 - Cosmos 1334 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 286 km (177 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 July 27 - Cosmos 1396 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 294 km (182 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 June 18 - Cosmos 1381 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 June 2 - Cosmos 1373 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 210 km (130 mi). Apogee: 347 km (215 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 March 17 - Cosmos 1343 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 284 km (176 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 March 5 - Cosmos 1342 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 297 km (184 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.40 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 May 15 - Zenit-6 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. FAILURE: Failure.

    Photo surveillance mission.

  • 1982 May 21 - Cosmos 1368 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 204 km (126 mi). Apogee: 338 km (210 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 89.90 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 November 18 - Cosmos 1421 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 259 km (160 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 November 2 - Cosmos 1419 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 264 km (164 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 October 14 - Cosmos 1416 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 231 km (143 mi). Apogee: 278 km (172 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 89.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1982 September 1 - Cosmos 1404 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 196 km (121 mi). Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 September 1 - Cosmos 1403 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 353 km (219 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1982 September 30 - Cosmos 1411 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1983 April 8 - Cosmos 1451 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 178 km (110 mi). Apogee: 232 km (144 mi). Inclination: 82.40 deg. Period: 88.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable. First launch from LC43/4 since on-pad explosion in March 1980.

  • 1983 August 23 - Cosmos 1493 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 188 km (116 mi). Apogee: 362 km (224 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 August 9 - Cosmos 1488 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 368 km (228 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 December 7 - Cosmos 1512 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 192 km (119 mi). Apogee: 380 km (230 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 January 27 - Cosmos 1438 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 226 km (140 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 88.80 min. Duration: 11.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1983 July 13 - Cosmos 1482 - Program: Resurs. Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Apogee: 350 km (210 mi). Inclination: 70.00 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Medium resolution photo surveillance; film capsule. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation.

  • 1983 July 26 - Cosmos 1485 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 366 km (227 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 July 5 - Cosmos 1472 - Program: Resurs. Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Apogee: 387 km (240 mi). Inclination: 82.30 deg. Period: 88.60 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Medium resolution photo surveillance; film capsule; also performed earth resources tasks. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation.

  • 1983 June 14 - Cosmos 1469 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 357 km (221 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 10.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1983 March 16 - Cosmos 1446 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 223 km (138 mi). Apogee: 343 km (213 mi). Inclination: 69.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1983 March 2 - Cosmos 1444 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 March 31 - Cosmos 1449 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 197 km (122 mi). Apogee: 372 km (231 mi). Inclination: 72.70 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 15.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 May 31 - Cosmos 1467 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 361 km (224 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 May 6 - Cosmos 1460 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 207 km (128 mi). Apogee: 344 km (213 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 November 17 - Cosmos 1509 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 280 km (170 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1983 October 21 - Cosmos 1505 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 337 km (209 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.80 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 September 17 - Cosmos 1499 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 367 km (228 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1983 September 9 - Cosmos 1497 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 372 km (231 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 April 19 - Cosmos 1549 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 January 11 - Cosmos 1530 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 189 km (117 mi). Apogee: 362 km (224 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.00 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 January 26 - Cosmos 1533 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 222 km (137 mi). Apogee: 354 km (219 mi). Inclination: 70.40 deg. Period: 90.30 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 June 1 - Cosmos 1568 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 365 km (226 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 13.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 June 19 - Cosmos 1573 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Apogee: 287 km (178 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.30 min. Duration: 9.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

  • 1984 March 21 - Cosmos 1545 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 367 km (228 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Duration: 15.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 March 7 - Cosmos 1542 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U2. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 223 km (138 mi). Apogee: 346 km (214 mi). Inclination: 70.30 deg. Period: 90.20 min. Duration: 14.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule.

  • 1984 May 11 - Cosmos 1551 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Perigee: 193 km (119 mi). Apogee: 276 km (171 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.20 min. Duration: 12.00 days.

    Photo surveillance; returned film capsule; maneuverable.

Bibliography and Further Reading
  • McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
  • Grahn, Sven, Sven Grahn's Space History Pages, . Sven Grahn's occasional essays on specific topics of the Russian and Chinese space programs are outstanding. Accessed at: http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/.
  • Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997.. Two-volume official history of the (now defunct) Russin space forces.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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