22 March 1996 08:13 GMT. Landing Date: 1996-09-26 12:13:00. Flight Time: 188.17 days. Alternate Name: STS-76 (Lucid). Flight Up: STS-76. Flight Back: STS-79. Call Sign: Atlantis. Crew: Lucid. Backup Crew: Blaha. Program: Mir. STS-76 docked with the Mir space station on 24 March 1996. Shannon Lucid was left on Mir for an extended stay on the first NASA Mir mission.
On September 19 STS-49 Atlantis docked with the Russian Mir space station. Aboard Atlantis in the payload bay were the Orbiter Docking System, the modified Long Tunnel, and the Spacehab Double Module, containing supplies for the Mir. Astronaut John Blaha relieved Shannon Lucid as NASA resident on the complex. Atlantis undocked from the Mir complex on September 23 at 23:33 GMT. Valeriy Korzun, Aleksandr Kaleri and John Blaha remain on Mir. On September 26 Atlantis closed its payload bay doors, and at 11:06 GMT fired its OMS engines for a three minute long deorbit burn. After entry interface at 11:42 GMT the spaceship flew across Canada and the US for a landing at the Kennedy Space Center's Runway 15 at 12:13 GMT.
Mir NASA-1 Chronology - 1996 Mar 22 - External Airlock/ODS Payload: EAL/ODS. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle.
- 1996 Mar 22 - STS-76 Crew: Chilton, Clifford, Godwin, Lucid, Searfoss, Sega. Spacecraft: Atlantis. Payload: Atlantis F16 / Spacehab-SM. Mass: 6,753 kg (14,887 lb). Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Duration: 9.22 days. Perigee: 394 km (244 mi). Apogee: 398 km (247 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 88.80 min.
Shuttle-Mir Mission 3. Docked with the Mir space station 24 March 1996; Shannon Lucid was left on Mir for an extended stay. First American EVA on Mir. Payloads: SPACEHAB/Mir 03; KidSat; Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX) II, Configuration M; RME 1304—Mir/ Environmental Effects Payload (MEEP); orbiter docking system RME 1315; Trapped Ions in Space Experiment (TRIS); Extravehicular Activity Development Flight Test (EDFT) 04.
- 1996 May 5 - Progress M-31 Spacecraft: Progress M. Payload: Progress M s/n 231. Mass: 7,140 kg (15,740 lb). Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Duration: 88.56 days. Perigee: 376 km (233 mi). Apogee: 390 km (240 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 92.20 min.
Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Delivered 1,140 kg of fuel and 1,700 kg of cargo to the Mir complex. Docked with Mir on 7 May 1996 08:54:19 GMT. Undocked on 1 Aug 1996 16:44:54 GMT. Destroyed in reentry over the Pacific on 1 Aug 1996 20:33:03 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.23 days. Total docked time 86.33 days.
- 1996 Jul 31 - Progress M-32 Spacecraft: Progress M. Payload: Progress M s/n 232. Mass: 7,130 kg (15,710 lb). Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Duration: 96.11 days. Perigee: 371 km (230 mi). Apogee: 390 km (240 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 92.20 min.
Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. This was the first successful launch of a Soyuz-U after two failures. Docked with Mir at the forward docking port on 2 Aug 1996 22:03:40 GMT. Undocked on 18 Aug 1996 09:33:45 GMT in order to free up the docking port. By 29 August 1994 Mir was in a 375 x 390 km x 51.6 deg orbit; the Progress M-32 cargo ship, flying separately, was in a 375 x 392 km x 51.6 deg orbit. Redocked with Mir on 3 Sep 1996 09:35:00 GMT at the rear port of the Kvant module. Finally undocked from Mir on 20 Nov 1996 19:51:20 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 20 Nov 1996 22:42:25 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.20 days. Total docked time 93.91 days.
- 1996 Aug 17 - Soyuz TM-24 Crew: Andre-Deshays, Kaleri, Korzun. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Payload: Soyuz TM 11F732 s/n 73. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Duration: 196.73 days. Perigee: 378 km (234 mi). Apogee: 394 km (244 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 92.30 min.
Mir Expedition EO-22. Valeriy Korzun and Aleksandr Kaleri of the Russian Space Agency (RKA) Claudie Andre-Deshays of the French space agency CNES. This launch was the first of the Soyuz-U booster with a crew aboard following two launch failures of on unmanned flights. Soyuz docked with Mir's front port at 14:50:21 GMT on August 19; Mir was in a 375 x 390 km x 51.6 deg orbit.
On Feb 7 at 16:28:01 GMT the EO-22 crew and American astronaut Linenger undocked the Soyuz TM-24 ferry from the front docking port, flew it around to the far side of the complex and redocked at the rear Kvant port at 16:51:27 GMT. This cleared the forward port for the arrival of the EO-23 crew, who brought with them German astronaut Reinhold Ewald on Feb 12.
- 1996 Sep 2 - Landing of Soyuz TM-23
The spacecraft undocked on September 2 at 04:20 GMT, and made a small seperation burn at 04:24:40 GMT. Deorbit was at 06:47:20 GMT. The three modules separated at 07:14:36 and the parachute deployed at 07:26 GMT. The landing was at 07:41:40 GMT, 100 km SW of Akmola in Kazakstan with Yuri Onufrienko, Yuriy Usachyov and Claudie Andre-Deshays aboard. This concluded the French 'Cassiopee' mission.
- 1996 Sep 16 - STS-79 Crew: Blaha, Readdy, Wilcutt, Akers, Apt, Walz. Spacecraft: Atlantis. Payload: Atlantis F17 / External Airlock/ODS. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Duration: 10.14 days. Perigee: 368 km (228 mi). Apogee: 386 km (239 mi). Inclination: 51.70 deg. Period: 92.10 min.
On September 19 Atlantis docked with the Russian Mir space station. Aboard Atlantis in the payload bay were the Orbiter Docking System, the modified Long Tunnel, and the Spacehab Double Module, containing supplies for the Mir. Astronaut John Blaha relieved Shannon Lucid as NASA resident on the complex. Atlantis undocked from the Mir complex on September 23 at 23:33 GMT. Valeriy Korzun, Aleksandr Kaleri and John Blaha remain on Mir. On September 26 Atlantis closed its payload bay doors, and at 11:06 GMT fired its OMS engines for a three minute long deorbit burn. After entry interface at 11:42 GMT the spaceship flew across Canada and the US for a landing at the Kennedy Space Center's Runway 15 at 12:13 GMT.
- 1996 Sep 26 - Landing of STS-79
STS-79 landed at 12:13 GMT with the crew of Lucid, Readdy, Wilcutt, Akers, Apt and Walz aboard.
Bibliography and Further Reading - McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Report (Internet Newsletter), Harvard University, Weekly, 1989 to Present. Essential internet newsletter recording worldwide weekly space events. Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- Vladimirov, A, Novosti kosmonavtiki, "Tablitsa zapuskov RN 'Proton' i 'Proton K'", 1998, Issue 10, page 25.
- Oberg, James, Red Star in Orbit, Random House, New York, 1981. ISBN: 0394514297. Oberg's book was, at its time, the most accurate, and still the most lively account of the Soviet manned program. More at amazon.com...
- Agapov, V, Novosti kosmonavtiki, "Tablitsa zapuskov transportnikh gruzovikh korabley tipa 'Progress' i 'Progress M'", 1998, Issue 7, page 46.
- NASA GSFC Orbital Parameters, .
- Wilson, Keith T., Spaceflight, "EVA Log 1965-1997", 1998, Volume 40, page 85.
- Kaesmann, Ferdinand, et. al., Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, "Proton - Development of A Russian Launch Vehicle", 1998, Volume 51, page 3.
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