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YaKhR-2
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First large space launcher considered in the Soviet Union. It would have had the same layout as the R-7, but with six strap-ons increased in size by 50%. The...more.
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Superraket
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The ancestor of the N1 lunar launch vehicle, this was the first heavy lift launch vehicle actively considered in the USSR. The 2,000 tonne liftoff mass was similar...more.
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YaRD ICBM
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Single-stage nuclear-powered ICBM designed by OKB-1....more.
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N-111
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It was originally planned the N1 would form the basis of a family of launch vehicles that could replace existing ICBM-derived boosters. The N111 would use the third...more.
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N1 1962
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Final configuration of N1 at time of development go-ahead. 75 tonne payload selected to support OS-1 heavy space station program....more.
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N1 Nuclear A
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A version of the N1 with a nuclear upper stage was studied by Korolev in 1963. It was concluded that the optimum design would allow a single N1 to launch a direct...more.
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N1 Nuclear AF
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A variant of the first alternative considered in the 1962 nuclear N1 study. This was a 'high thrust' version of the Type A engine - apparently with higher propellant...more.
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N1 Nuclear V
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Second primary alternative considered for the 1962 nuclear N1 study. The immense liquid hydrogen tank of the second nuclear stage would have dwarfed the N1 first...more.
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N1 Nuclear V-B
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N1 with nuclear upper stage. This variant of the Type V nuclear engine used a very heavy radiation shield to protect the crew of any manned spacecraft payload....more.
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GR-1
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Korolev's entry in the 'Global Rocket' competition, a missile that could place a nuclear warhead in orbit, where it could come in under or behind American anti-ballistic...more.
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N-11 1963
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A military variant of the N-11 which would use a powerful third stage, probably derived from the first stage of the 8K713 GR-1, to put up to 24 tonnes in low earth...more.
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N-11GR
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This 1962 project was designed by Korolev's OKB as a competitor to Chelomei's UR-500 against the military GR-2 (Global Rocket 2) requirement. The N-11GR was an...more.
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N11
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It was originally planned the N1 would form the basis of a family of launch vehicles that could replace existing ICBM-derived boosters. The N11 would use the second,...more.
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N-IF 1965
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The N-IF would be the first follow-on version with increased performance. The first stage engines would be increased in thrust from an average of 150 tonnes to...more.
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N-IFV-II-III
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N-IFV-II, III would use only the first stage from the N-1F, and use new cryogenic second and third stages. This cryogenic second stage seems not to have been pursued beyond the study phase....more.
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N-IFV-III
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Then N-IFV-III would add the Block V-III cryogenic third stage to the first and second stages of the N-IF....more.
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N-IM 1965
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The N-IM would mark an tremendous increase in vehicle size and was the ultimate pure liquid oxygen/kerosene version considered. The first stage engines would be...more.
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N-IMV-II-III
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N-IMV-II, III was the ultimate conventionally-powered N1 ever considered. It paired the monster N-1M first stage with new cryogenic second and third stages. Both...more.
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N-IMV-III
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Then N-IMV-III would add the Block V-III cryogenic third stage to the first and second stages of the N-IM. This provided the second-highest performance of the variations...more.
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N-IU
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The N-IU would be the initial production version of the N1 following the mad rush to make the lunar landings. It would have essentially the same payload but would...more.
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N-IUV-III
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The N-IUV-III would replace the N-IU's conventional third stage with a LOX/LH2 cryogenic third stage. This was seen at the time as the first step in exploitation...more.
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N1M
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The N1M was to be the first Soviet launch vehicle to use liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen high energy cyrogenic propellants. It was designed to launch payloads in...more.
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N1F-L3M
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The N1M was to be the first Soviet launch vehicle to use liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen high energy cyrogenic propellants. As originally conceived, the advanced...more.
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N1
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Korolev OKB lunar landing launch vehicle. Built on-site at Baikonur from major components fabricated at Progress factory in Samara. These test vehicles did not...more.
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N1 1964
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The N1 launch vehicle for the N1-L3 lunar landing mission as described in the draft project of 1964. The actual N1 that flew in 1969 to 1972 had lighter first and...more.
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N1F Sr
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The final more modest version of the N1M replaced the fourth and fifth stages of the N1 with the single liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen Block Sr stage. Development...more.
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N1-MOK
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Ultimate derivative of N1. Single-stage-to-orbit vehicle based on N1 Block A. Propellants changed to LH2/LOX, 16 x modified NK-33 engines + 4 Liquid Air Cycle Engine...more.
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N1F
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The N1F would have been the definitive flight version of the N1, incorporating all changes resulting from the four flight tests of the vehicle, including the new...more.
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