Kosmos 65S3
Kosmos 8K63 LV
Credit - © Mark Wade
Orbital launch vehicle. Year: 1964. Family: R-14. Country: Ukraine. Status: Out of production. Other Designations: Kosmos 1. Library of Congress Designation: C-1. Department of Defence Designation: SL-8. ASCC Reporting Name: Skean. Manufacturer's Designation: 65S3.

Prototype of light satellite launcher using as a first stage the Yangel R-14 (8K65) IRBM. In 1961 Isayev and Reshetnev developed the Voskhod space launch system on the basis of the R-14. The initial version of the two stage rocket was designated Kosmos-1. The first 'Voskhod' launch complex was at Baikonur, a modification of one of the pads at the R-16 ICBM launch complex 41. The protoype system was launched eight times before production was handed over to the Krasnoryarsk Machine Factory.

Manufacturer: Yuzhnoye. Launches: 8. Failures: 1. Success Rate: 87.50%. First Launch Date: 1964-08-18. Last Launch Date: 1965-12-28. Launch data is: complete. LEO Payload: 1,400 kg (3,000 lb). to: 400 km Orbit. Payload: 700 kg (1,540 lb). to a: 1,600 km orbital trajectory. Apogee: 1,500 km (900 mi). Associated Spacecraft: Strela-1, Strela-2. Liftoff Thrust: 1,477.820 kN (332,227 lbf). Total Mass: 107,500 kg (236,900 lb). Core Diameter: 2.40 m (7.80 ft). Total Length: 26.30 m (86.20 ft). Launch Price $: 10.000 million. in: 1994 price dollars.

Stage Data - Kosmos 65S3
  • Stage Number: 1. 1 x Stage: Kosmos-1. Gross Mass: 87,200 kg (192,200 lb). Empty Mass: 5,300 kg (11,600 lb). Thrust (vac): 1,740.023 kN (391,173 lbf). Isp: 292 sec. Burn time: 130 sec. Isp(sl): 248 sec. Diameter: 2.40 m (7.80 ft). Span: 4.40 m (14.40 ft). Length: 22.40 m (73.40 ft). Propellants: Nitric acid/UDMH. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-216. Other designations: Skean; SS-5; R-14; 8K65; 65; 11K65. Launch count 411 orbital and ca. 300 suborbital to end 1994. Failures based on proration of failures to orbit.
  • Stage Number: 2. 1 x Stage: Kosmos-2. Gross Mass: 20,135 kg (44,390 lb). Empty Mass: 1,435 kg (3,163 lb). Thrust (vac): 156.000 kN (35,070 lbf). Isp: 303 sec. Burn time: 375 sec. Diameter: 2.40 m (7.80 ft). Span: 2.40 m (7.80 ft). Length: 6.00 m (19.60 ft). Propellants: Nitric acid/UDMH. No Engines: 1. Engine: 11D49. Other designations: S3. Launch count 411 orbital and ca. 300 suborbital to end 1994. Failures based on proration of failures to orbit.
Kosmos 65S3 Chronology

1961 October 31 - Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3.

  • Kosmos 65S3 intermediate launch vehicle development authorised. Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Meteor, Strela-1, Strela-2. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 'On the Creation of the Space Carrier 65S3--start of work on a launch vehicle based on the R-14 for launch of the Meteor, Strela, and Pchela satellites.' was issued. References: 474.
1964 August 18 - 09:15 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 02L.
  • Cosmos 38 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 203 km (126 mi). Apogee: 766 km (475 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 94.30 min. COSPAR: 1964-046A. USAF Sat Cat: 853. Decay Date: 1964-11-08. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 39 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 205 km (127 mi). Apogee: 792 km (492 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 94.60 min. COSPAR: 1964-046B. USAF Sat Cat: 854. Decay Date: 1964-11-17. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 40 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 206 km (128 mi). Apogee: 737 km (457 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 94.10 min. COSPAR: 1964-046C. USAF Sat Cat: 855. Decay Date: 1964-11-18. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1964 October 23 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 01L. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause. 1965 February 21 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 03L.
  • Cosmos 54 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 269 km (167 mi). Apogee: 1,839 km (1,142 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 106.30 min. COSPAR: 1965-011A. USAF Sat Cat: 1089. Decay Date: 1968-09-15. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 55 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 261 km (162 mi). Apogee: 1,752 km (1,088 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 105.30 min. COSPAR: 1965-011B. USAF Sat Cat: 1090. Decay Date: 1968-02-02. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 56 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 259 km (160 mi). Apogee: 1,687 km (1,048 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 104.60 min. COSPAR: 1965-011C. USAF Sat Cat: 1091. Decay Date: 1967-11-02. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1965 March 15 - 11:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 04L.
  • Cosmos 61 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 262 km (162 mi). Apogee: 1,737 km (1,079 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 105.10 min. COSPAR: 1965-020A. USAF Sat Cat: 1267. Decay Date: 1968-01-15. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 62 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 259 km (160 mi). Apogee: 1,712 km (1,063 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 104.80 min. COSPAR: 1965-020B. USAF Sat Cat: 1268. Decay Date: 1968-09-24. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 63 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 259 km (160 mi). Apogee: 1,673 km (1,039 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 104.40 min. COSPAR: 1965-020C. USAF Sat Cat: 1269. Decay Date: 1967-11-04. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1965 July 16 - 03:31 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 05L.
  • Cosmos 71 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 522 km (324 mi). Apogee: 542 km (336 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 95.20 min. COSPAR: 1965-053A. USAF Sat Cat: 1441. Decay Date: 1970-08-11. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 72 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 538 km (334 mi). Apogee: 588 km (365 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 95.90 min. COSPAR: 1965-053B. USAF Sat Cat: 1442. Decay Date: 1979-08-24. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 73 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 538 km (334 mi). Apogee: 556 km (345 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 95.50 min. COSPAR: 1965-053C. USAF Sat Cat: 1443. Decay Date: 1974-03-20. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 74 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 539 km (334 mi). Apogee: 616 km (382 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 96.20 min. COSPAR: 1965-053D. USAF Sat Cat: 1444. Decay Date: 1979-12-13. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 75 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 540 km (330 mi). Apogee: 644 km (400 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 96.50 min. COSPAR: 1965-053E. USAF Sat Cat: 1445. Decay Date: 1979-09-28. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1965 September 3 - 14:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 07LS.
  • Cosmos 80 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,370 km (850 mi). Apogee: 1,536 km (954 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.00 min. COSPAR: 1965-070A. USAF Sat Cat: 1570. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 81 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,398 km (868 mi). Apogee: 1,542 km (958 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1965-070B. USAF Sat Cat: 1571. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 82 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,421 km (882 mi). Apogee: 1,549 km (962 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.70 min. COSPAR: 1965-070C. USAF Sat Cat: 1572. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 83 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,447 km (899 mi). Apogee: 1,558 km (968 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 116.00 min. COSPAR: 1965-070D. USAF Sat Cat: 1573. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 84 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,470 km (910 mi). Apogee: 1,569 km (974 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 116.40 min. COSPAR: 1965-070E. USAF Sat Cat: 1574. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1965 September 18 - 07:59 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 08LS.
  • Cosmos 86 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,291 km (802 mi). Apogee: 1,623 km (1,008 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.00 min. COSPAR: 1965-073A. USAF Sat Cat: 1584. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 87 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,317 km (818 mi). Apogee: 1,633 km (1,014 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.40 min. COSPAR: 1965-073B. USAF Sat Cat: 1585. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 88 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,341 km (833 mi). Apogee: 1,645 km (1,022 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 115.80 min. COSPAR: 1965-073C. USAF Sat Cat: 1586. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 89 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,371 km (851 mi). Apogee: 1,652 km (1,026 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 116.20 min. COSPAR: 1965-073D. USAF Sat Cat: 1587. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
  • Cosmos 90 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 50 kg (110 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,394 km (866 mi). Apogee: 1,666 km (1,035 mi). Inclination: 56.10 deg. Period: 116.70 min. COSPAR: 1965-073E. USAF Sat Cat: 1588. References: 1, 2, 5, 6.
1965 December 28 - 12:30 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: LC41/15. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 65S3. Model: Kosmos 65S3. LV Configuration: Kosmos 65S3 09LP.
  • Cosmos 103 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Mass: 875 kg (1,929 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-2. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 176 km (109 mi). Apogee: 179 km (111 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. Period: 88.00 min. COSPAR: 1965-112A. USAF Sat Cat: 1868. Decay Date: 1990-01-02. Possible test flight. References: 1, 2, 6, 279.
Bibliography and Further Reading
  • McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
  • Isakowitz, Steven J,, International Reference to Space Launch Systems Second Edition, AIAA, Washington DC, 1991 (succeeded by 2000 edition). ISBN: 1563473534. Superseded by the later editions. More at amazon.com...
  • Zak, Anatoly, Spaceflight, "Cosmos Launcher", 1996, Volume 38, page 416.
  • Agapov, V, Novosti Kosmonavtiki, "K zapusku pervovo ISZ serii 'DS'", 1997, Issue 6.
  • Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997.. Two-volume official history of the (now defunct) Russin space forces.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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