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Winged orbital launch vehicle. Year: 1988. Family: Air-Launched. Country: Russia. Status: Study 1988. Fully reusable unpiloted verion of MAKS, similar to Interim HOTOL. Air launched from An-225. MAKS was found to have superior payload, lower non-recurring cost and technical risk. MAKS-M would require new materials. Release conditions: Piggy-back, 275,000 kg, 38.0 m length x 24.0 m wingspan, 900 kph at 9,500 m altitude. Effective velocity gain compared to vertical launch 270 m/s. Payload bay 7.0 m long x 4.6 m diameter. Manufacturer: Molniya. LEO Payload: 5,400 kg (11,900 lb). to: 200 km Orbit. at: 51.00 degrees. Payload: 7,000 kg (15,400 lb). to a: equatorial, 0 degree, 200 km altitude orbital trajectory. Total Mass: 275,000 kg (606,000 lb).
Bibliography and Further Reading - Lozino-Lozinskiy, G E, editor, Aviationno-kosmicheskiye sistemy, MAI, Moscow, 1997. ISBN: 5703520681. Russian language collection of technical papers that cover the design, development, engineering, and flight test results of the BOR-4, BOR-5, Buran, and MAKS spaceplanes. Includes intermediate designs More at amazon.com...
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