Pershing
Pershing
Credit - via Andreas Parsch
Intermediate range ballistic missile. Year: 1962. IOC: 1962. Country: USA. Status: Out of production. Department of Defence Designation: MGM-31.

US Army tactical missile.

Historical Essay © Andreas Parsch

Martin Marietta M14/MGM-31 Pershing

The MGM-31 Pershing was the first and only solid-fueled MRBM (Medium Range Ballistic Missile) deployed by the U.S. Army. It has been in service for almost 30 years until all nuclear MRBMs were phased out and destroyed according to arms reduction treaties.

Studies for a solid-fueled missile with a maximum range in the 900-1400 km (500-750 nm) area were begun by the U.S. Army in 1956. In 1957, the studies had shown that the proposed missile was feasible, and in the same year a temporary DOD restriction which limited the Army's missiles to a range of less than 320 km (200 miles) had been cancelled. In January 1958, the name Pershing was officially assigned to the new missile program, and in March that year Martin's Orlando division was awarded a full scale development contract. The Pershing was designed as a two-stage solid-fueled rocket with an all-inertial guidance system, to be fired from a mobile launcher. Development was quick, and in February 1960, the first Pershing I, designated Guided Missile XM14, was launched. The first test flights used only the first stage, but by the end of 1960, full range two stage flights had been successful. The first launch from the tactical missile launcher occurred in January 1962, and in June 1962 the first Pershing I unit received its first missiles. By 1964, the first battalions were deployed to their operating area in West Germany. The Pershing I quickly replaced all PGM-11 Redstone MRBMs.

The Pershing I was powered by two soild-fueled rochet stages by Thiokol (a TX-174 and a TX-175), and could carry its 400 kT W-50 thermonuclear warhead to a maximum range of 740 km (460 miles). It was guided by an inertial navigation system by Eclipse-Pioneer, and featured a high-speed ablative reentry vehicle. A single Pershing I launch platoon consisted of only 4 vehicles, compared to about 20 for the PGM-11 Redstone. Coupled with the solid-propellant rockets, this led to a much higher mobility and shorter reaction time than the Redstone it replaced. For training there was an inert Pershing I missile designated XM19.

In June 1963, the XM14 and XM19 Pershing missiles were redesignated as XMGM-31A and XMTM-31B, respectively. The production version of the tactical missile was subsequently designated as MGM-31A, and the XMTM-31B designation was apparently not used and eventually dropped form the list. The -31B suffix was later reused.

In early 1965, the DOD issued a requirement for a QRA (Quick Reaction Alert) Pershing missile system, with the intention to replace the USAF's CGM//MGM-13 Mace missiles by the MGM-31. In January 1966, Martin Marietta was awarded a contract to develop the Pershing Ia system to meet this requirement. The Pershing Ia system consisted of faster ground support vehicles, a faster erector/launcher, and new solid-state electronics. The missiles compatible with the new system were designated MGM-31B. Production of the Pershing Ia began in 1967, and by 1970 it had replaced all original Pershing I systems in U.S. Army service.

In 1976, further improvements of the Pershing Ia system were fielded, the sequential launch adapter (SLA) and the automatic reference system (ARS). The SLA allowed a Pershing Ia platoon to fire its three missiles in quick succession, and the ARS (essentially a ground based inertial unit) eliminated the need to survey the launch site before firing, making on-the-spot launches possible. Production of the Pershing Ia was originally completed in 1975, but the line had to be reopened from 1977 to 1979 to replace missiles expended in training exercises. A total of about 750 Pershing I/Ia missiles were built, with an operational deployment level of 108 missiles in Europe.

In the early 1970s, the 400 kT warhead of the Pershing Ia had become a problem, because it effectively excluded the use of the MGM-31 in its intended role of a tactical missile (except for the few LGM-25C Titan IIs, all strategic missiles of the time had less powerful warheads!). Therefore it was decided to develop a new warhead section for Pershing, with a lower yield warhead and a high-accuracy manoeuvering reentry vehicle (MARV) with active radar terminal guidance. The new missile was named Pershing II, and in May 1978, flight tests of the new RV on existing Pershing Ia rocket stages took place. However, by that time requirements had changed significantly. The Soviet Union had deployed its RSD-10 Pioner (designated SS-20 Saber in the West) IRBM system, featuring high mobility, long range, and a MIRV capability (SS-20 Mod.2). Pershing II was now intended as a counter to the SS-20, and its range requirement was more than doubled, to 1600+ km (1000+ miles). To achive this, completely new rocket motors were developed by Hercules, using high-energy fuels and light-weight casings made of Kevlar. This effectively made the Pershing II a completely new missile, and it was designated as MGM-31C. However, the Pershing II missile was fully compatible with existing Pershing Ia ground equipment, and even the launchers could be modified to handle the new missile. The first flight test of an MGM-31C in July 1982 was a failure, but the next attempt in November that year succeeded. In December 1983, the first Pershing II battery became operational, and by December 1985 all 108 Pershing Ia missiles of the U.S. Army in Europe had been replaced by Pershing II.

The MGM-31C reentry vehicle housed a single variable yield (5-50 kT) W-85 thermonuclear warhead. With its Singer Kearfott inertial guidance system, and the Goodyear Aerospace active radar terminal guidance unit in the warhead, the MGM-31C achieved an accuracy of about 30 m (100 ft) CEP at a range of up to 1770 km (1100 miles).

In December 1987, the USA and the USSR signed the Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, which abolished all medium- and intermediate-range nuclear armed ballistic missiles. Withdrawal of the Pershing II began in October 1988 and was completed in July 1989. All MGM-31C and the remaining stored MGM-31B missiles were destroyed by static firing of the rocket motors, and the last Pershing II rocket motor was destroyed that way in May 1991. The W-85 warheads could be reused, however, and were modified into MK-61 Mod 11 (B61-11) free-fall bombs (the W-85 itself was a derivative of the MK-61 Mod 3/4). A total of about 380 Pershing II missiles were built.

Note: I have found no 100% convincing evidence that the Pershing Ia and Pershing II missiles were indeed designated MGM-31B and MGM-31C, respectively. While a few sources call them as such, there are also sources which attribute the designation MGM-31B to the Pershing II. Unfortunately all my main sources neglect to quote any MGM-31 designation for both of the missiles. Nevertheless I think the two designations are valid, because they would concur with standard U.S. Army practice for designating guided missiles: While the Army doesn't use formal missile designators in its published documents and announcements (preferring the names instead), these designations are nevertheless assigned, as is evidenced by several better-documented missile families. It is also usual Army practice to assign new designation suffix letters to missiles with relatively few changes (like Pershing I to Pershing Ia), if these missiles are part of an improved missile system. Therefore I think the -31B suffix was indeed already applied to the Pershing Ia.

Specifications

Note: Data given by several sources show slight variations. Figures given below may therefore be inaccurate!

Data for MGM-31A/B/C:

  MGM-31A/B MGM-31C
Length 10.5 m (34 ft 7 in) 10.6 m (34 ft 9.7 in)
Diameter 1.02 m (40 in)
Weight 4655 kg (10275 lb) 7490 kg (16540 lb)
Speed Mach 8 Mach 8+
Range 740 km (460 miles) 1770 km (1100 miles)
Propulsion 1st stage: Thiokol TX-174 solid rocket; 115 kN (26000 lb) for 38.3 s
2nd stage: Thiokol TX-175 solid rocket; 85 kN (19200 lb) for 39 s		 Hercules two-stage solid-fuel rocket
Warhead W-50 thermonuclear (400 kT) W-85 thermonuclear (5-50 kT) in Goodyear MARV
Main Sources

[1] James N. Gibson: "Nuclear Weapons of the United States", Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 1996
[2] Bill Gunston: "The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rockets and Missiles", Salamander Books Ltd, 1979
[3] Redstone Arsenal Historical Information Website


Manufacturer: Martin Marietta. Launches: 301. Failures: 14. Success Rate: 95.35%. First Launch Date: 1960-02-25. Last Launch Date: 1988-03-21. Launch data is: incomplete.

Model: MGM-31A. IOC: 1962. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: MGM-31A. Popular Name: Pershing.

Manufacturer: Martin Marietta. Liftoff Thrust: 117.000 kN (26,302 lbf). Total Mass: 4,580 kg (10,090 lb). Core Diameter: 1.02 m (3.34 ft). Total Length: 10.55 m (34.61 ft). Span: 1.10 m (3.60 ft). Standard warhead mass: 290 kg (630 lb). Maximum range: 740 km (450 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Standard warhead: W50. Standard warhead yield: 400 KT. Boost Propulsion: Solid rocket. Cruise Propulsion: Solid rocket. Guidance: Inertial. Development Cost $: 662.800 million. in: 1964 average dollars. Recurring Price $: 1.741 million. Total Number Built: 615. Total Development Built: 134. Total Production Built: 481. Flyaway Unit Cost $: 1.740 million. in: 1964 unit dollars.

Model: MGM-31B. IOC: 1984. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: MGM-31B. Popular Name: Pershing IA.

Manufacturer: Martin Marietta. Liftoff Thrust: 117.000 kN (26,302 lbf). Total Mass: 7,390 kg (16,290 lb). Core Diameter: 1.02 m (3.34 ft). Total Length: 10.61 m (34.80 ft). Span: 1.10 m (3.60 ft). Standard warhead mass: 290 kg (630 lb). Maximum range: 1,850 km (1,140 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Standard warhead: W85. Standard warhead yield: 200 KT. Boost Propulsion: Solid rocket. Cruise Propulsion: Solid rocket. Guidance: Inertial. Maximum speed: 9,030 kph (5,610 mph). Ceiling: 241,500 m (792,300 ft). Development Cost $: 673.600 million. in: 1982 average dollars. Recurring Price $: 5.619 million. Flyaway Unit Cost $: 5.419 million. in: 1982 unit dollars.

Model: MGM-31C. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: MGM-31C. Popular Name: Pershing II.

Cancelled

Manufacturer: Martin Marietta ?. Standard warhead: W85.

Model: MGM-31D. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: MGM-31D. Popular Name: Pershing 1B.

Cancelled. Pershing II RR Reduced Range

Manufacturer: Martin Marietta ?. Standard warhead: W85.

Pershing Chronology

1960 February 25 - 18:02 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 105.

  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). First test launch of Army's Pershing tactical missile from Cape Canaveral. References: 17, 1758.
1960 April 20 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 106.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 May 10 - 16:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 107.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 June 9 - 16:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 108.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 June 30 - 16:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 109.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 July 26 - 16:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 110.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 September 28 - 19:38 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 205.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 November 16 - 18:25 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 206.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1960 December 12 - 18:42 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 207.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 January 6 - 00:10 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 208. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 1758.
1961 January 26 - 00:30 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 209.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 February 16 - 01:27 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 210.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 March 2 - 05:07 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 211.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 March 16 - 01:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 212.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 April 21 - 15:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 308.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 May 19 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 310.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 June 9 - 05:11 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 311.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 July 1 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 312.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 July 20 - 02:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 313.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1758.
1961 August 10 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 315. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 316.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 September 13 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 318.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 September 26 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 319.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 October 10 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 320.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 November 2 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 322.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 November 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 323.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1961 December 1 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 324.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). Army fired its Pershing solid-fuel tactical missile from Cape Canaveral on a 200-mile flight, testing accuracy, warhead components, and blast and heat factors at launch in relation to operational crew protection. This was the seventh straight successful firing of the Pershing.References: 18, 796.
1961 December 28 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 327.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 January 16 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 334.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 January 24 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 332.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 February 19 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 335.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 March 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 328.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 April 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 326.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 April 24 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 337. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1962 April 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 329.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 May 9 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 330. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1962 June 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 339.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 June 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 342. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1962 August 21 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 338.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 September 26 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 347.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 October 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A TEL. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 351.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 November 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 348.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 November 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 354.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1962 December 10 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 353.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 January 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 358.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 January 30 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 363.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 February 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 403.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 February 26 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 406.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 March 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30D. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 405.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 March 13 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 407.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 March 21 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30A. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 410.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 April 3 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 408.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 April 5 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 511.
  • IST from Orlando Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 April 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 515.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 April 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Pad: LC30E. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 520.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 April 24 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC30. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. LV Configuration: Pershing 1 521.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 796.
1963 August 20 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 August 27 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 September 24 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 September 24 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1715.
1963 September 25 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 September 27 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 October 14 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 October 16 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 October 18 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 October 21 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 October 23 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 1715.
1963 October 28 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 November 14 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1963 November 20 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1715.
1963 December 5 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1964 February 24 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1217.
1964 February 24 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1217.
1964 March 25 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1964 March 28 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1964 April 21 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1964 April 23 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1964 July 17 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA/BRD. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1220.
1964 July 22 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA/BRD. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1220.
1964 November 18 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1221.
1964 November 18 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1221.
1964 November 19 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1221.
1964 November 19 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1221.
1965 January 28 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1223.
1965 February 12 - Launch Site: Fort Wingate. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1224.
1965 May 26 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1232.
1965 June 16 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1231.
1966 January 31 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA/BRD. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1238.
1966 February 14 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1239.
1966 June 22 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1240.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 July 26 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1241.
1966 October 21 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1243.
1966 October 21 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1243.
1966 October 21 - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1243.
1967 March 13 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1246.
1967 March 13 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1246.
1967 March 28 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • DASO-8 demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1247.
1967 March 28 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1248.
1967 March 28 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • DASO-7 demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1247.
1967 March 28 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1248.
1967 June 2 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1249.
1967 June 2 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1249.
1967 June 9 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1249.
1967 June 22 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 June 23 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 August 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 August 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 August 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 August 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1967 September 12 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1968 March 5 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1968 March 5 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1968 April 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1968 Nov 14? - Launch Site: Gilson Butte. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1976.
1969 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1970 September 29 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1914.
1971 - Launch Site: Black Mesa. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31A.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1972 September 26 - Launch Site: Green River. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. LV Configuration: Pershing AO-115.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1976.
1972 September 26 - Launch Site: Green River. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. LV Configuration: Pershing AO-114.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1976.
1973 February 21 - 15:05 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 101.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA 84thFA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 February 21 - 16:30 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 103.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 February 21 - 15:37 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 102.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 February 21 - 17:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 104.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 6 - 23:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 105.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 6 - 23:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 106.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 7 - 00:22 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 107. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1973 March 7 - 00:50 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 108.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 19 - 16:02 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 111.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 19 - 17:52 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 110.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 19 - 17:20 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 109.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 March 19 - 16:16 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 112.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1973 June 26 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1973 June 26 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1973 December 6 - Launch Site: Green River. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 139.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1976.
1974 May 7 - 20:05 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 102.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 7 - 19:15 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 104.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C/D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 7 - 19:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 103.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 7 - 20:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 101.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 21 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 109.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 21 - 14:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 112.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 21 - 13:04 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 110.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 21 - 13:18 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 111.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 31 - 19:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 105. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1974 May 31 - 19:15 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 106.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 31 - 20:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 108.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1974 May 31 - 20:05 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 107.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 May 13 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 May 13 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 May 28 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 May 28 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 June 11 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 June 11 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 June 25 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 June 25 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Pad: MCG?. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1975 July 23 - 15:04 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 37.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 July 23 - 16:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 39.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 July 23 - 16:38 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 38.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 July 24 - 18:49 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 40.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 5 - 16:20 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 42. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C/D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1975 August 5 - 16:04 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 41.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C/D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 5 - 18:16 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 43.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C/D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 5 - 18:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A 44.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery C/D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 25 - 17:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-46.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 25 - 15:54 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-45. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1975 August 26 - 18:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-47.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1975 August 26 - 18:49 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-48. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1976 October 26 - 20:39 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-52.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1976 October 26 - 19:12 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-50.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1976 October 26 - 18:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-49.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1976 October 26 - 20:21 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-51.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1977 February 17 - 18:12 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1977 March 2 - 21:42 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery B operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1977 March 2 - 18:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. FAILURE: Failure.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery B operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. References: 792.
1977 March 2 - 20:31 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery Boperational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1977 March 2 - 18:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery/1st Batallion Battalion B operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1977 November 18 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Pershing II research and development mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1849.
1978 May 18 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1978 July 13 - 16:57 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-112.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 July 13 - 14:37 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-111.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 July 13 - 18:09 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-113.
  • US 7th Army 81st Field Artillery/1st Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 July 25 - 14:30 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-115.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery D operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 July 25 - 15:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-116.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 July 25 - 14:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-114.
  • US 7th Army 84th Field Artillery/3rd Battalion Battery A operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 August 25 - 13:23 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-118.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 August 25 - 13:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-117.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1978 August 25 - 13:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B. LV Configuration: Pershing 1A FOT-119.
  • US 7th Army 41st Field Artillery /1st Battalion Battery C operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 February 22 - 15:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-120 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 February 22 - 14:43 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-121 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 February 22 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-122 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 April 25 - 15:03 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-125 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 April 25 - 15:17 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-124 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 April 25 - 15:40 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-123 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 May 9 - 17:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-128 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 May 9 - 18:29 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-126 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1979 May 9 - 18:50 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-127 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 February 12 - 15:51 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-131 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 February 12 - 16:27 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-129 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 April 23 - 15:39 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-134 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 April 23 - 15:22 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-133 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 April 23 - 15:04 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-132 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 April 23 - 16:05 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-135 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 May 7 - 14:40 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 May 7 - 15:58 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-137 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 May 7 - 14:59 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-136 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 May 15 - 14:51 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-138 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1980 October 15 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: Germany. Agency: Luftwaffe. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1980 October 15 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: Germany. Agency: Luftwaffe. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1980 October 15 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: Germany. Agency: Luftwaffe. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1980 October 15 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: Germany. Agency: Luftwaffe. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1981 February 4 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-141 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 February 4 - 15:53 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-140 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 February 4 - 15:33 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-139 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 February 17 - 17:15 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-143 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 February 17 - 19:17 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-144 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 February 17 - 17:51 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-142 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 April 7 - 14:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-147 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 April 7 - 14:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-146 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 April 7 - 14:40 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • FOT-148 Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1981 October 21 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • AO-212 Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1976.
1982 January 20 - 19:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 January 20 - 14:59 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 January 20 - 15:19 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 February 24 - 14:04 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 February 24 - 14:55 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 February 24 - 15:14 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 March 10 - 15:17 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 March 10 - 16:26 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 March 10 - 15:01 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31B.
  • Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 July 22 - 14:49 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA?. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1982 November 19 - Launch Site: Fort Bliss. Launch Complex: MCG. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 320 km (190 mi). References: 1836.
1983 January 21 - 14:48 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 314 km (195 mi). References: 792.
1983 February 9 - 15:06 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 342 km (212 mi). References: 792.
1983 Mar - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1983 Mar? - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1983 March 28 - 15:29 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1983 April 10 - 19:55 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC16. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 792.
1983 April 24 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). References: 1836.
1983 May 6 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Pershing. Model: MGM-31C.