 | Polaris A1
Credit - Lockheed-Martin
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Intermediate range ballistic missile. Year: 1960. IOC: 1960. Family: Polaris. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: UGM-27A. Navy Special Projects Office authorized Lockheed to proceed with Polaris SLBM development, having withdrawn from the Jupiter program earlier. 2 stage vehicle consisting of 1 x A1P + 1 x A1P stage 2 Historical Essay © Andreas Parsch Lockheed UGM-27 Polaris A-1 The Polaris was the first SLBM (Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile) deployed by the U.S. Navy. Their inherent immunity to pre-emptive strikes has made SLBMs one of the most important assets of the U.S. nuclear armed forces ever since. Like all U.S. military services, the U.S. Navy experimented with ballistic missiles in the immediate post-war years, mainly by using captured German A-4/V-2 rockets. However, it soon became clear that the hazard involved with liquid-propellant rockets ruled out this technology for shipboard use. In the early 1950s, solid-fuel rocket technology had advanced to a point where long-range missiles would be feasible. In 1955, however, the Navy was ordered to develop a derivative of the liquid-fueled SM-78/PGM-19 Jupiter IRBM as a sea-launched ballistic missile. In early 1956, the Navy was granted permission to develop a solid-fueled Jupiter derivative instead (to be called Jupiter S), and in December 1956, the Navy was finally allowed to drop out of the Jupiter program and develop a completely new solid-fueled ballistic missile. The new program was named Polaris, and development contracts were given to Lockheed (missile) and Aerojet (propulsion). From the beginning, Polaris was planned for launch from submarines. This made the missile effectively undetectable before launch, and had the additional advantage of providing a significantly more stable platform for an inertial navigation system, thereby increasing accuracy. Unlike other U.S. Navy missiles of the time, Polaris didn't receive a formal missile designation (like SSM-N-x or USM-N-x). Instead, the Polaris (and future SLBMs) were known by simple letter-number combinations, starting with A-1 (or A1, as the dash is frequently omitted) for the first Polaris version. Polaris A-1 was significantly smaller and lighter than the proposed Jupiter S, allowing much more missiles to be carried by a submarine of a given size. Because starting a rocket motor inside a submarine was considered too dangerous, a so-called "cold launch" method was developed, where the missile is ejected from the vertical launch tube by gas pressure before the motor is ignited. The first launch of a Polaris AX test vehicle in September 1958 was unsuccessful, and the first fully successful flight only occurred in April 1959, after 5 other failures. In September 1959, the first Polaris A-1X tactical prototype missile, which included the inertial navigation system, was successfully launched, and tests of the A-1X continued through 1960. In the meantime, the Navy had built its first ballistic missile submarine, the USS George Washington (SSBN-598), by fitting an existing SSN, the USS Scorpion (SSN-589), with a completely new center section with 16 missile launch tubes. The first successful underwater launch of a Polaris missile was accomplished by this ship on 20 July 1960, and in November 1960, the Polaris A-1 SLBM became operational on SSBN-598. On 6 May 1962, USS Ethan Allen (SSBN-608) successfully launched a Polaris A-1 with a live nuclear warhead in the United States' nuclear test range in the Pacific. This was the first and only full live test of a U.S. strategic missile. The Polaris A-1 was powered by a two-stage solid-propellant rocket motor by Aerojet General, both stages using four nozzles with thrust-vectoring for flight control. Its inertial navigation system (designed by MIT, manufactured by General Electric and Hughes) guided the missile to an accuracy of about 900 m (3000 ft) CEP at a maximum range of 2200 km (1200 nm). This poor accuracy, coupled with a relatively low-yield W-47 (600 kT) thermonuclear warhead, made the Polaris unsuitable for strikes against hardened strategic targets. However, because the SLBM force could not effectively taken out by the enemy, it was the ideal retaliation weapon, and therefore very important for the Cold War concept of MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction). Manufacturer: Lockheed. Launches: 122. Failures: 33. Success Rate: 72.95%. First Launch Date: 1958-01-11. Last Launch Date: 1965-11-12. Launch data is: complete. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Total Mass: 13,000 kg (28,000 lb). Core Diameter: 1.37 m (4.49 ft). Total Length: 8.70 m (28.50 ft). Maximum range: 1,850 km (1,140 mi). Development Cost $: 2,231.900 million. in: 1961 average dollars. Recurring Price $: 2.813 million. Total Number Built: 1092. Total Development Built: 87. Total Production Built: 1005. Flyaway Unit Cost $: 1.460 million. in: 1965 unit dollars. Cost comments: Development + flyaway costs for Polaris A-1,-2,-3.
Model: Polaris AX. Family: Polaris. Country: USA. 2 stage experimental vehicle Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Core Diameter: 1.37 m (4.49 ft). Total Length: 7.60 m (24.90 ft).
Model: Polaris TV. Year: 1956. Family: Polaris. Country: USA. Status: Out of production. Single stage vehicle to test thrust-vectoring system consisting of 1 x Polaris TV Apogee: 30 km (18 mi). Liftoff Thrust: 220.000 kN (49,450 lbf). Total Length: 8.00 m (26.20 ft).
Model: UGM-27A. IOC: 1960. Country: USA. Department of Defence Designation: UGM-27A. Popular Name: Polaris A-1. Manufacturer: Lockheed MSC. Liftoff Thrust: 289.200 kN (65,015 lbf). Total Mass: 12,700 kg (27,900 lb). Core Diameter: 1.37 m (4.49 ft). Total Length: 8.54 m (28.01 ft). Span: 1.37 m (4.49 ft). Standard warhead mass: 500 kg (1,100 lb). Maximum range: 1,900 km (1,100 mi). Number Standard Warheads: 1. Standard RV: Mk. 20A. Standard warhead: EC47. Standard warhead yield: 600 KT. Standard warhead CEP: 8.06 km (5.00 mi). Boost Propulsion: Solid rocket. Guidance: Inertial. Maximum speed: 9,680 kph (6,010 mph).
Polaris A1 Chronology 1956 December 17 - Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. - Polaris project begun. Nation: USA. Navy Special Projects Office authorized Lockheed to proceed with Polaris development, having withdrawn from the Jupiter program earlier. References: 17.
1958 January 11 - Launch Site: Point Mugu. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 1836.
1958 January 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC3. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. LV Configuration: Polaris TV 1-204-10. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 17, 796.
1958 March 23 - Launch Site: San Clemente. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 1836.
1958 April 11 - Launch Site: San Clemente. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 1836.
1958 April 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. LV Configuration: Polaris TV 1-204-11. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1958 May 8 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris TV. LV Configuration: Polaris TV 1-204-12. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1958 September 24 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-1. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 12 km (7 mi). References: 796.
1958 October 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-2. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi). References: 796.
1958 December 30 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-3. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 20 km (12 mi). References: 796.
1959 January 19 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-4. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi). References: 796.
1959 February 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-5. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 796.
1959 April 20 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-6. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 May 8 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-8. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 May 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-7. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 June 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-10. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 June 29 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-9. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 July 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-11. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 796.
1959 August 6 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-15. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 August 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-13. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 August 25 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-18. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 August 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-22. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 September 21 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-1. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 September 28 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-14. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 October 2 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. Model: Polaris AX. LV Configuration: Polaris AX AX-20. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 796.
1959 October 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-2. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1959 November 20 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-3. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 December 7 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-4. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1959 December 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-6. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi). References: 796.
1959 December 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-5. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi). References: 872.
1960 January 7 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-7. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 January 13 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-8. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 January 20 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-9. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 January 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-10. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 February 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-12. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 February 10 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-11. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 February 26 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-13. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1960 March 9 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-14. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 March 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-15. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 March 25 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-16. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 March 29 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-18. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi). References: 796.
1960 April 14 - Launch Site: San Clemente. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 950.
1960 April 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-19. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi). References: 796.
1960 April 25 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-22. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 April 29 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-23. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 April 29 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-25. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 May 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-30. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 May 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-17. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 June 7 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-27. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 50 km (31 mi). References: 796.
1960 June 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-32. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 June 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-34. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 June 30 - Launch Site: San Clemente. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 950.
1960 July 6 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-40. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 802.
1960 July 7 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-39. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1960 July 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-42. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 July 19 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-41. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 July 20 - 20:32 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-2. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 737.
1960 July 20 - 17:39 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-1. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 770.
1960 July 30 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-4. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 August 1 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-3. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi). References: 802.
1960 August 2 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25B. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-37. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1960 August 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-44. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-47. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 August 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-43. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 August 24 - Launch Site: San Clemente. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 2.00 km (1.20 mi). References: 1836.
1960 September 2 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-45. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 September 13 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1XE-5. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1960 September 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1XE-6. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 September 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1XE-7. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1960 September 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1XE-8. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1960 September 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-48. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 October 5 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-49. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 October 10 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-53. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 October 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1FP-6. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 October 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1FP-5. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 October 16 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1FP-7. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 October 18 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1FP-8. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1960 November 7 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-46. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1960 November 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-52. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 802.
1960 December 22 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-13. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 802.
1961 January 11 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-15. FAILURE: Failure. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1961 January 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-14. FAILURE: Failure. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. References: 802.
1961 March 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-18. FAILURE: Failure. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1961 March 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-16. FAILURE: Failure. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1961 March 23 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-17. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 April 6 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-19. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 April 19 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-20. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 3 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-22. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-29. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-26. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-27. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-33. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 May 17 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-28. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-35. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-36. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-37. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-34. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-43. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 August 12 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-42. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 September 29 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-50. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). References: 796.
1961 October 16 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-38. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 November 3 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-40. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1961 November 3 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-41. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 18, 796.
1961 November 3 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1E-39. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Three Polaris A-2 missiles successfully fired within 3-hour period from submarine period from submarine Ethan Allen. References: 796.
1961 December 5 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25. Launch Pad: LC25A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1X-51. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 July 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1P-1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 July 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1P-2. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 July 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1P-4. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 July 27 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1P-3. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 September 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1T-6. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 September 15 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1T-5. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 October 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1T-8. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1962 October 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1T-7. FAILURE: Failure. - Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 10 km (6 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1963 September 4 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 A1. - Operational Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1965 April 14 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 C2X-1. FAILURE: Failure. - STAFF 1 Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1.00 km (0.60 mi). References: 796.
1965 June 16 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 C2X-2. - STAFF 2 Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1965 August 11 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 C2X-3. - STAFF 3 Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 796.
1965 November 12 - 22:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC29. Launch Pad: LC29A. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1. LV Configuration: Polaris A1 C2X-4. - STAFF 4 Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). References: 1574.
Bibliography and Further Reading - McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- Gunston, Bill,, Rockets and Missiles, Salamander, London, 1979. ISBN: 0861010299. Gunston, the most prolific aviation writer of all time, also produced this, the best Encyclopaedic account of military missiles ever produced. Sadly, never updated. More at amazon.com...
- Nicholas, Ted G., U.S. Missile Data Book, 1983, Seventh Edition, Data Search Associates, Fountain Valley, California, 1982..
- Parsch, Andreas, DesignationSystems.Net, . Outstanding, unique reference for aircraft, missiles, propulsion, and avionics systems. Accessed at: http://www.designation-systems.net/.
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