Uprated Soyuz booster designed for high performance Russian government missions - delivery of Soyuz and Progress spacecraft to the International Space Station. Upgraded engines, modern avionics, reduced non-Russian content. Unknown differences to Soyuz ST.

Modernisation of the Soyuz launcher that increased general performance. The basic launch vehicle design remained the same. Changes on the commercial ST version were limited to:

• The first and second stage engines featured improved performance with new injectors and mixture ratio.
• The third stage engine performance was increased.
• The launch vehicle was equipped with a new control system allowing in-flight orbital plane change (whereas all earlier R-7 derived vehicles flew a fixed trajectory, with the launch table rotated before launch to the appropriate azimuth).
• A new digital telemetry system provided for launch vehicle monitoring.
• A new, larger-diameter fairing (3.65 meters in diameter) was used.

The standard fourth stage was the Fregat orbital module.

Manufacturer: Korolev. Launches: 19. Success Rate: 100.00%. First Launch Date: 2001-05-20. Last Launch Date: 2007-05-29. Launch data is: continuing. LEO Payload: 7,420 kg (16,350 lb). to: 193 km Orbit. at: 51.80 degrees. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Associated Spacecraft: Kolibri, Progress M1, Soyuz TMA. Liftoff Thrust: 4,143.000 kN (931,383 lbf). Total Mass: 305,000 kg (672,000 lb). Core Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Total Length: 46.10 m (151.20 ft). Launch Price $: 50.000 million. in: 1999 price dollars.

• Stage Number: 0. 4 x Stage: Soyuz ST-0. Gross Mass: 44,400 kg (97,800 lb). Empty Mass: 3,810 kg (8,390 lb). Thrust (vac): 1,021.097 kN (229,552 lbf). Isp: 310 sec. Burn time: 120 sec. Isp(sl): 264 sec. Diameter: 2.68 m (8.79 ft). Span: 2.68 m (8.79 ft). Length: 19.60 m (64.30 ft). Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-117. Status: In production. Gross mass includes 1190 kg of hydrogen peroxide and 280 kg of liquid nitrogen expended during ascent but not contributing to propulsion.

• Stage Number: 1. 1 x Stage: Soyuz ST-1. Gross Mass: 105,400 kg (232,300 lb). Empty Mass: 6,875 kg (15,156 lb). Thrust (vac): 999.601 kN (224,719 lbf). Isp: 311 sec. Burn time: 286 sec. Isp(sl): 245 sec. Diameter: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Span: 2.95 m (9.67 ft). Length: 27.80 m (91.20 ft). Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-118. Status: In production. Gross mass includes 2600 kg of hydrogen peroxide and 520 kg of liquid nitrogen expended during ascent but not contributing to propulsion.

• Stage Number: 2. 1 x Stage: Soyuz ST-2. Gross Mass: 25,200 kg (55,500 lb). Empty Mass: 2,355 kg (5,191 lb). Thrust (vac): 294.000 kN (66,093 lbf). Isp: 359 sec. Burn time: 300 sec. Diameter: 2.66 m (8.72 ft). Span: 2.66 m (8.72 ft). Length: 6.74 m (22.11 ft). Propellants: Lox/Kerosene. No Engines: 1. Engine: RD-0124. Status: In production.

2001 May 20 - 22:32 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz FG. Model: Soyuz-FG. LV Configuration: Soyuz FG / ISS-4P.

• Progress M1-6 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Progress M1 s/n 255. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M1. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Energia. Perigee: 270 km (160 mi). Apogee: 316 km (196 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. COSPAR: 2001-021A. USAF Sat Cat: 26773. Duration: 93.44 days. Decay Date: 2001-08-22. Flight: ISS EO-2. ISS Servicing flight. Launch delayed from april 12. This Progress resupply mission to the ISS was launched by the first Soyuz-FG rocket - a modified Soyuz-U with 5 percent improved perfomance using new fuel utilisation systems. Progress M1-6 after launch was also designated as ISS supply mission 4P. It carried 2.5 tonnes of food, fuel, water, life-support material, and equipment, including spare computer equipment for the ISS Destiny module. Nearly one tonne of the fuel was for raising the altitude of the ISS. Progress M1-6 docked with Zvezda's aft (-Y) port at 0024 GMT on May 23. It undocked at 0601 GMT on August 22 and deorbited at around 0900 GMT the same day.References: 4, 296.

• Progress M1-7 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Progress M1 s/n 256. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M1. Agency: Rosaviakosmos (Russia). Manufacturer: Energia. Perigee: 230 km (140 mi). Apogee: 244 km (151 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. COSPAR: 2001-051A. USAF Sat Cat: 26983. Duration: 113.29 days. Decay Date: 2002-03-20. Flight: ISS EO-3. ISS Servicing flight. Launch delayed from November 14. The Progress M1-7 Russian automatic cargo carrier soft docked with the International Space Station Zvezda module at 1943 GMT on Nov 28. The docking probe retracted, but the eight peripheral latches would not engage. It turned out that a rubber seal had been left on the docking ring by Progress M-45. Cosmonauts from aboard the station cleared the debris in a spacewalk on December 3. As they watched from a few meters away Progress M1-7 was commanded to a hard dock with the station. NASA referred to this flight as `Progress 6'. It delivered 2.5 tonnes of food, fuel and equipment to the station, as well as a microsatellite named Kolibri. The Expedition 4 crew finished loading trash into Progress M1-7 on 19 March 2002, and it undocked from Zvezda's aft port at 1743 UTC. The Kolibri-2000 microsatellite was ejected from the Progress cargo compartment at 2228 UTC; Progress fired its engines to deorbit over the Pacific at about 0127 UTC on Mar 20.References: 4, 296.

• Kolibri Nation: Russia. Mass: 21 kg (46 lb). Class: Technology. Spacecraft: Kolibri. Agency: RAKA. Perigee: 385 km (239 mi). Apogee: 388 km (241 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. COSPAR: 2001-051C. USAF Sat Cat: 27394. Decay Date: 2002-05-04. References: 4, 552, 554.

• Progress M1-9 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Progress M1 s/n 258. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Logistics. Spacecraft: Progress M1. Agency: Rosaviakosmos (Russia). Manufacturer: Energia. Perigee: 282 km (175 mi). Apogee: 324 km (201 mi). Inclination: 51.63 deg. Period: 90.60 min. COSPAR: 2002-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 27531. Duration: 129.00 days. Decay Date: 2003-02-01. Flight: ISS EO-5. Launch delayed from July 22, September 10 and 20. Progress-M1 9, known to NASA as Progress 9P, was a Russian automatic cargo transportation craft that was to deliver food, fuel, and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS). It docked with the Zvezda module of the ISS on September 29 at 1700 UTC. Prior to the docking, the port was vacated by the earlier Progress-M 46. Undocked from the station on 1 February 2003 and commanded to destructive re-entry in the atmosphere.References: 4, 552, 554.

• Soyuz TMA-1 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 211. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: RAKA. Manufacturer: Energia. Perigee: 278 km (172 mi). Apogee: 295 km (183 mi). Inclination: 51.62 deg. Period: 90.20 min. COSPAR: 2002-050A. USAF Sat Cat: 27552. Duration: 185.96 days. Decay Date: 2003-05-04. Flight Crew: Zalyotin, De Winne, Lonchakov. Flight: ISS EP-4. Launch delayed from October 22, 28 pending investigation of causes of failure of another Soyuz booster on 15 October. Soyuz-TMA 1 was a Russian automatic passenger craft. It carried the EP-4 visiting crew of three astronauts (two Russians and one Belgian) to automatically dock with the International Space Station (ISS). This was the first flight of the new Soyuz-TMA model. It was to remain parked at the ISS as the escape craft, relieving the Soyuz TM-34. The crew conducted several microgravity experiments on the ISS during their 10-day stay before returning in Soyuz TM-34.References: 4, 552, 554.

• Soyuz TMA-2 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 212. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Rosaviakosmos. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 386 km (239 mi). Apogee: 394 km (244 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min. COSPAR: 2003-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 27781. Duration: 184.95 days. Decay Date: 2003-10-28. Flight Crew: Malenchenko, Lu. Flight: ISS EO-7. Two-man Russian/American crew to provide minimal manning of space station while shuttle is grounded. Replaced three-man crew aboard ISS since before STS-107 disaster.

• Mars Express (F-1) / Mars Orbiter / Beagle 2 Nation: Europe. Mass: 1,120 kg (2,460 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Mars. Spacecraft: Mars Express. Agency: ESA. Manufacturer: Astrium. Perigee: 177 km (109 mi). Apogee: 177 km (109 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 88.00 min. COSPAR: 2003-022A. USAF Sat Cat: 27816. Europe's first probe to Mars. Mars Express had a mass of 637 kg dry, including science payload and Beagle separation device, together with 480 kg of propellant and the 69 kg Beagle 2 lander, for a total of 1186 kg. In addition to this a 37 kg adapter remained attached to the Fregat upper stage. Mars Express was placed into a 1.014 x 1.531 AU x 0.2 deg orbit around the Sun, following a course correction on June 5. The launch was first moved forward from June 1 and May 31 to May 23. Then delayed to June 6, then moved forward to June 2.

• Soyuz TMA-3 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 213. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Rosaviakosmos. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 376 km (233 mi). Apogee: 384 km (238 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.20 min. COSPAR: 2003-047A. USAF Sat Cat: 28052. Decay Date: 2004-04-30. Flight Crew: Foale, Kaleri, Duque. Flight: ISS EO-8, ISS Cervantes, ISS EO-7. The spacecraft carried the Expedition 8 crew of Mike Foale and Aleksandr Kaleri and the EP-5 (Cervantes) mission crewmember Pedro Duque. During the flight to the station spacecraft Commander was Aleksandr Kaleri . Soyuz TMA-3 docked with the Pirs module at 07:16 GMT on October 20. Once the EO-7 crew aboard the ISS was relieved, the roles switched, with Foale becoming the ISS Commander. Duque carried out out 24 experiments in the fields of life and physical sciences, Earth observation, education and technology. The experiments were sponsored by the European Space Agency and Spain. After ten days in space, Duque returned to earth with the EO-7 crew of Malenchenko and Lu aboard Soyuz TMA-2.

• Amos-2 Nation: Israel. Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AMOS. Perigee: 4,408 km (2,738 mi). Apogee: 35,784 km (22,235 mi). Inclination: 23.60 deg. Period: 714.50 min. COSPAR: 2003-059A. USAF Sat Cat: 28132. Intermediate orbit shown. Fregat stage later placed Amos-2 in geostationary orbit. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 4.00W drifting at 0.003W degrees per day.

• Soyuz TMA-4 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 214. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Rosaviakosmos. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 359 km (223 mi). Apogee: 367 km (228 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.80 min. COSPAR: 2004-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 28228. Duration: 187.89 days. Decay Date: 2004-10-24. Flight Crew: Fincke, Padalka, Kuipers. Flight: ISS EO-8, ISS EO-9, ISS Delta. Soyuz TMA-4 was ISS transport mission ISS 8S and delivered the EO-9 caretaker crew of Gennadiy Padalka and Michael Fincke, together with the ESA/Netherlands Delta mission crewmember Andre Kuipers, to the Space Station. Soyuz TMA-4 docked with the nadir port on Zarya at 05:01 GMT on April 21 and the hatches to the ISS were opened at 06:30 GMT. Another gyro on the station had shut down prior to the docking and possibly would require a maintenance spacewalk to replace its failed electronics.

  After Soyuz TMA-5 docked with the ISS on October 16, the EO-9 crew handed activities over to the EO-10 crew.References: 4.

• Soyuz TMA-5 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 215. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Perigee: 353 km (219 mi). Apogee: 359 km (223 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.70 min. COSPAR: 2004-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 28444. Duration: 192.79 days. Decay Date: 2005-04-25. Flight Crew: Chiao, Sharipov, Shargin. Flight: ISS EO-10. Soyuz TMA-5 docked with the Pirs module on October 16 at 0416 GMT. Aboard the spacecraft were the EO-10 crew of Sharipov and Chiao, and guest cosmonaut Shargin. After a week at the station, the EO-9 crew of Padalka and Fincke, together with Shargin, entered Soyuz TMA-4 at 18:14 GMT on October 23 and returned to earth. Chiao and Sharipov continued as the ISS skeleton station crew.References: 4.

• Soyuz TMA-6 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 216. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Perigee: 350 km (210 mi). Apogee: 360 km (220 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.60 min. COSPAR: 2005-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 28640. Decay Date: 2005-10-11. Flight Crew: Krikalyov, Phillips, Vittori. Flight: ISS EO-11, ISS EP-8, ISS EO-10. The Soyuz TMA-6 docked with International Space Station's Pirs module at 02:20 GMT on April 17. Commander of the long-duration EO-11 crew was Russian cosmonaut Sergey Krikalyov. Flight engineer and science officer was American astronaut John Phillips. Italian Roberto Vittori accompanied the EO-10 crew aboard Soyuz TMA-6 to the station on the European Space Agency EP-8 Eneide mission.

• Galaxy 14 Nation: USA. Program: Galaxy. Mass: 2,087 kg (4,601 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Star bus. Agency: PanAmSat. Manufacturer: Orbital Sciences. Perigee: 35,782 km (22,233 mi). Apogee: 35,790 km (22,230 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2005-030A. USAF Sat Cat: 28790. Payload swapped from Ariane 5. Launch delayed from December 2004; February 25, March 16 and 25, April 25, June 17, July 10 and 28, August 1, 6 and 12, 2005. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 125.05W drifting at 0.008W degrees per day.

• Soyuz TMA-7 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 217. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Roskosmos, NASA , Space Adentures. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 347 km (215 mi). Apogee: 348 km (216 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.50 min. COSPAR: 2005-039A. USAF Sat Cat: 28877. Duration: 189.83 days. Flight Crew: Tokarev, McArthur, Olsen. Flight: ISS EO-11, ISS EO-12. Launch delayed from September 27. Soyuz TMA-7 docked with the International Space Station at 05:27 GMT on 3 October, bringing the long duration EO-12 crew of (McArthur, Commander; Tokarev, Flight Engineer) and space tourist Olsen. McArthur, Tokarev and Pontes (brought to the station aboard Soyuz TMA-8) transferred to TMA-7 on April 8, 2006, closing the hatches at 17:15 GMT and undocking from Zvezda at 20:28 GMT, leaving Vinogradov and Williams from Soyuz TMA-8 as the Expedition 13 in charge of the station. Soyuz TMA-7 fired its engines at 22:58 GMT for the deorbit burn and landed in Kazakhstan at 23:48 GMT.

• Venus Express Nation: Europe. Mass: 1,270 kg (2,790 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Venus. Spacecraft: Venus Express. Agency: ESA. COSPAR: 2005-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 28901. Launch delayed from October 26. The Soyuz placed the probe and Fregat upper stage into a 30 km x 190 km x 51.6 deg orbit around the earth. At apogee the Fregat stage made a 50 m/s maneuver to circularize the orbit. At the appropriate moment in this parking orbit, the Fregat fired again, then separated from the now Venus-bound probe at 05:11 GMT. Venus Express passed lunar orbit on November 10 at 10:10 GMT and went into a 0.702 AU x 0.993 AU x 0.26 deg inclination solar orbit. It was to brake itself into a 250 km x 326,550 km x 89.7 deg orbit around Venus on 11 April 2006 at 08:40 GMT. Two maneuvers would put in its final 24-hour Venus orbit of 282 x 66,911 km x 90.0 deg on 30 April. This was selected to synchronise the satellite with tracking stations on earth, while the planet slowly revolves below its perigee point over the following several months.

• Giove-A Nation: Europe. Payload: GSTB-V2/A / Heavily modified Surrey MiniSat-400. Mass: 600 kg (1,320 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: MiniSat-400. Agency: ESA. Manufacturer: Surrey. Perigee: 23,616 km (14,674 mi). Apogee: 23,616 km (14,674 mi). Inclination: 56.00 deg. COSPAR: 2005-051A. USAF Sat Cat: 28922. Delayed from September, October, December 26. Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element, a prototype for the Galileo European navigation satellite network. Giove carried carried two rubidium atomic clocks and a large L-band phased array antenna.

• Soyuz TMA-8 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 218. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Roskosmos, NASA. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 336 km (208 mi). Apogee: 349 km (216 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.40 min. COSPAR: 2006-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 28996. Duration: 182.95 days. Flight Crew: Vinogradov, Williams Jeffrey, Pontes. Flight: ISS EO-13, ISS EO-12. Soyuz TMA-8 docked with the Zarya nadir port of the ISS at 04:19 GMT on April 1. It undocked from Zarya on 28 September at 21:53 GMT, with the return crew of Vinogradov, Williams and space tourist Ansari aboard. It landed in Kazakhstan at 01:13 GMT on 29 September.

• Soyuz TMA-9 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Roskosmos. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 330 km (200 mi). Apogee: 348 km (216 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.30 min. COSPAR: 2006-040A. USAF Sat Cat: 29400. Duration: 215.35 days. Flight Crew: Tyurin, Lopez-Alegria, Ansari. Flight: ISS EO-14, ISS EO-13. Carried the Expedition 14 crew and space tourist Anousheh Ansari to the International Space Station. Ansari replaced tourist Daisuke Enomoto, who was removed from flight status by the Russians just 28 days before the flight. Docked at the Zvezda port of the station at 05:21 GMT on September 20. On 21 April 2007, Lopez-Alegria, Tyurin and space tourist Charles Simonyi (who was taken to the station aboard Soyuz TMA-10) boarded Soyuz TMA-9, separated from the ISS, conducted retrofire, and landed in Kazakhstan at 12:31 GMT.

• Soyuz TMA-10 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 220 / ISS-14S. Mass: 7,200 kg (15,800 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Agency: Roskosmos. Manufacturer: RKK Energia. Perigee: 330 km (200 mi). Apogee: 341 km (211 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.20 min. COSPAR: 2007-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 31100. Duration: 196.71 days. Flight Crew: Yurchikhin, Kotov, Simonyi. Flight: ISS EO-15, ISS EP-12. Carried the Expedition 15 crew and space tourist Charles Simonyi to the International Space Station. Soyuz TMA-10 docked at the Zarya port of the International Space Station at 19:10 GMT on 9 April. It undocked from Zarya at 19:20 GMT on Sep 27 September and docked at the Zvezda port at 19:47 GMT to clear Zarya for Soyuz TMA-10. The EO-15 crew and EP-13 space tourist Shukor (brought to the station by Soyuz TMA-11) boarded Soyuz TM-10 and undocked from the Zvezda port at 07:14 GMT on 21 October. The re-entry burn began at 09:47. Due to a guidance system failure the Soyuz defaulted to an 8.6 G ballistic re-entry, landing 340 km short of the aim point at 10:36 GMT. However improved procedures after the same thing happened on Soyuz TMA-1 meant a helicopter recovery crew reached the capsule only 20 minutes after thumpdown.

• Globalstar A Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 914 km (567 mi). Apogee: 932 km (579 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.50 min. COSPAR: 2007-020A. USAF Sat Cat: 31571. First replenishment launch of the resurgent Globalstar MEO communications satellite constellation after a five-year hiatus.

• Globalstar B Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 913 km (567 mi). Apogee: 931 km (578 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.50 min. COSPAR: 2007-020C. USAF Sat Cat: 31573.

• Globalstar C Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 926 km (575 mi). Apogee: 932 km (579 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.60 min. COSPAR: 2007-020D. USAF Sat Cat: 31574.

• Globalstar D Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 919 km (571 mi). Apogee: 938 km (582 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.60 min. COSPAR: 2007-020F. USAF Sat Cat: 31576.

• Soyuz TMA-11 Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 221 / ISS 15S. Mass: 7,200 kg (15,800 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA. Perigee: 340 km (210 mi). Apogee: 344 km (213 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.40 min. COSPAR: 2007-045A. USAF Sat Cat: 32256. Flight Crew: Whitson, Malenchenko, Muszaphar. Soyuz TMA-11 delivered the EO-16 crew of Whitson and Malenchenko and EP-13 space tourist Shukor to the International Space Station. The Soyuz docked at the Zarya module at 14:50 GMT on 12 October. Whitson was EO-16 commander, with third astronaut Clay Anderson remaining aboard the station after the EO-15 crew and Shukor returned to earth on Soyuz TMA-10.

• Globalstar FM66 Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 914 km (567 mi). Apogee: 932 km (579 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.50 min. COSPAR: 2007-048A. USAF Sat Cat: 32266. Last of the first generation Globalstar satellites, launched to replenish the constellation. The Fregat stage made three burns to deploy the satellites into circular orbit, and then deorbit itself to a reentry over the Pacific Ocean.

• Globalstar FM67 Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 925 km (574 mi). Apogee: 935 km (580 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.60 min. COSPAR: 2007-048B. USAF Sat Cat: 32265.

• Globalstar FM68 Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 915 km (568 mi). Apogee: 930 km (570 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.50 min. COSPAR: 2007-048C. USAF Sat Cat: 32264.

• Globalstar FM70 Nation: USA. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Agency: Globalstar. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Perigee: 911 km (566 mi). Apogee: 931 km (578 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 103.40 min. COSPAR: 2007-048D. USAF Sat Cat: 32263.

• McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Home Page, Harvard University, 1997-present. Jonathan McDowell's complete on-line listing of all objects orbited and over 20,000 rocket launches Accessed at: http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.

• Isakowitz, Steven J, Hopkins, Joshua B, and Hopkins, Joseph P, International Reference to Space Launch Systems, AIAA, Washington DC, 2004. ISBN: 156347591X. The best reference on launch vehicles ever produced. More at amazon.com...