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Baikonur LC45
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Area 45 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Pads: 3. Latitude: 45.9273 N. Longitude: 63.6237 E. Zenit-2. Single launch complex consisting of 3 launch pads. - 1985 June 21 08:29 - Zenit launch vehicle test Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 338 km (210 mi). Intended to be suborbital, but some debris reached orbit. Rocket debris decayed by 6/28/85.
- 1985 October 22 07:00 - Cosmos 1697 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 853 km (530 mi). First launch of new Tselina-2 ELINT satellite on Zenit-2 launch vehicle.
- 1985 December 28 09:16 - Cosmos 1714 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Second stage failed to ignite. Partial Failure.. Apogee: 850 km (520 mi). Tselina-2 ELINT satellite placed in unusable orbit due to second stage failure.
- 1986 July 30 08:30 - Cosmos 1767 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 205 km (127 mi). Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
- 1986 October 22 08:00 - Cosmos 1786 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 1,054 km (654 mi). Radar calibration mission.
- 1987 February 14 08:30 - Cosmos 1820 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 250 km (150 mi). Launch vehicle test. Mass model of Orlets-2 reconnaissance satellite.
- 1987 March 18 08:30 - Cosmos 1833 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 855 km (531 mi).
- 1987 May 13 05:40 - Cosmos 1844 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 851 km (528 mi).
- 1987 August 1 03:59 - Cosmos 1871 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 188 km (116 mi). Considered by some observors as possible spite test of Uragan space interceptor boilerplate mass model, just prior to project cancellation.
Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
- 1987 August 28 08:20 - Cosmos 1873 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 241 km (149 mi). Considered by some observors as possible spite test of Uragan space interceptor boilerplate mass model, just prior to project cancellation.
Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
- 1988 May 15 09:20 - Cosmos 1943 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 851 km (528 mi).
- 1988 November 23 14:50 - Cosmos 1980 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 849 km (527 mi).
- 1990 May 22 05:14 - Cosmos 2082 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 857 km (532 mi).
- 1990 October 4 - Tselina-2 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. First stage engine exploded after 3 seconds..
- 1991 August 30 08:58 - Tselina-2 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Second stage exploded due to heating problems in main engine..
- 1992 February 5 - Tselina-2 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Second stage malfunction due to heating problems in main engine..
- 1992 November 17 07:47 - Cosmos 2219 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 854 km (530 mi).
- 1992 December 25 05:56 - Cosmos 2227 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 855 km (531 mi).
- 1993 March 26 02:21 - Cosmos 2237 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 855 km (531 mi).
- 1993 September 16 07:36 - Cosmos 2263 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 857 km (532 mi).
- 1994 April 23 08:01 - Cosmos 2278 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 857 km (532 mi).
- 1994 August 26 12:00 - Cosmos 2290 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 392 km (243 mi). Only flight of Orlets-2 long-duration military reconnaissance satellite with 22 film-return capsules.
- 1994 November 4 05:47 - Resurs-O1 No. 3 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 663 km (411 mi). Studied natural resources. It carried the German Safir-R1 communications experiment as a secondary attached payload. Expected life 3 to 5 years. The spacecraft mass of 1,907 kg was slightly higher than earlier models. The principal Earth observation sensors were MSU-SK and MSU-E instruments along with an experimental PVM-E local vertical sensor .
- 1994 November 24 09:15 - Cosmos 2297 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 857 km (532 mi).
- 1995 October 31 20:19 - Cosmos 2322 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 854 km (530 mi).
- 1996 September 4 09:01 - Cosmos 2333 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 852 km (529 mi). New heavy ELINT class.
- 1997 May 20 07:07 - Heavy ELINT Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Strut in first stage engine failed at T+48 seconds..
- 1998 July 10 06:30 - Resurs-O1 No. 4 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 818 km (508 mi). In addition to its remote sensing equipment, the satellite carried the Belgian LLMS (Little LEO Messaging System) communications payload for the IRIS system. The launch was critical in restoring confidence in the Zenit vehicle prior to planned commercial launches of Globalstar satellites from Baikonur and the first Sea Launch flights using a three-stage Zenit from a California-based floating launch platform. Expected life 3 to 5 years.
- 1998 July 28 09:15 - Cosmos 2360 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 855 km (531 mi).
- 1998 September 9 20:29 - Globalstar FM5 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Computer error caused a very premature engine shutdown during second stage burn.. Zenit-2 11K77.05 22D (67047801) Fell in Siberia.
- 1999 July 17 06:38 - Okean-O Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Zenit-2 17L Apogee: 663 km (411 mi). First of a new generation of larger Okean oceanographic satellites, carried a side-looking radar (RSL-BO), and a set of visible and infrared scanners and radiometers. It is built by the Ukrainian Yuzhnoye company and is a joint project of the Russian Aviation/Space Agency (RAKA) and the Ukrainian National Space Agency (NKAU).
- 2000 February 3 09:26 - Cosmos 2369 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Zenit-2 45025801 Apogee: 860 km (534 mi). ELINT satellite.
- 2000 September 25 10:10 - Cosmos 2372 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 343 km (213 mi). Reported code name Yenisey. It is speculated that this is an improved version of the Orlets satellite launched as Cosmos 2290 in 1994. Re-entered on Apr 20, 2001 after a 7 month mission.
- 2001 December 10 17:18 - Meteor-3M Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Zenit-2 19L (1381573091) Apogee: 1,015 km (630 mi). Meteorology satellite. Launch postponed from late 2000, then delayed from November30. The Meteor-3M weather satellite carried visible and IR sensors as well as NASA's SAGE III instrument which studied aerosols and the ozone layer. This was the first launched of a modernised version of the spacecraft. Launch be Zenit launch vehicle from Baikonur rather than Tsyklon 3 from Plesetsk allowed the spacecraft to be 350 kg heavier, carrying additional sensors and various piggy-back payloads.
- 2004 June 10 01:28 - Cosmos 2406 Launch Vehicle: Zenit-2. Apogee: 866 km (538 mi). Delayed from February 17 and 18; March 17 and 31; April 6, 25 and 26.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.
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