See also Born on this Day On this day in: 1951 - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC33. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Hermes. Model: Hermes A-1. LV Configuration: Hermes A-1 4. -
Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 24 km (14 mi).
1962 - 12:43 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Thor Delta. LV Configuration: Thor Delta 317/D7.
1963 - -
Department of Defense objectives in the Gemini program. Nation: USA. Program: Gemini. Spacecraft: Gemini. Colonel Kenneth W Schultz of Headquarters, Air Force Office of Development Planning, outlined Department of Defense objectives in the Gemini program at the first meeting of the Gemini Program Planning Board. He defined three general objectives: conducting orbital experiments related to such possible future missions as the inspection and interception of both cooperative and passive or noncooperative objects in space under a variety of conditions, logistic support of a manned orbiting laboratory, and photo reconnaissance from orbit; gaining military experience and training in all aspects of manned space flight; and assessing the relationship between man and machine in the areas of potential military missions.
1963 -
1965 -
1965 -
1965 - Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 2.
1965 - -
Voskhod 2 crew vacuum chamber tests Nation: USSR. Program: Voskhod. Spacecraft: Voskhod. Flight: Voskhod 1. Belyayev and Leonov practice deploying and exiting the airlock at 37 km equivalent altitude in the TBK-60 chamber. The Vega system for keeping track of the spacewalking cosmonaut's life signs fails again. Kamanin is infuriated. Later he discusses future spaceflight plans with Korolev, who was supposed to deliver five Voskhods in 1965. Korolev says that three spacecraft will only be completed by October, and should only be available for flights at the end of the year. He wants to use one as a biosat in an unmanned flight of organisms for 30 days; a second for the flight of a cosmonaut pilot and physician for 15 days; and the third for flight of a cosmonaut and engineer to perform an artificial gravity experiment. Two further spacecraft will be finished to the Vykhod configuration in October 1965 for flights in March 1966. Nothing is official yet, and Kamanin urges that the necessary resolutions be passed as soon as possible so that training can begin. He thought before that there was little chance that Yegorov's back-ups, Lazarev and Sorokin would fly, but now he puts them back in training so they will be ready for this flight schedule. But Korolev remains opposed to flying either candidate.
1965 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3P-5. -
Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1965 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF09. Launch Pad: LF09?. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. LV Configuration: Minuteman 1B 1142. -
Operational missile test Nation: USA. Agency: SAC 1STRAD. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1965 - 22:15 GMT - Launch Site: Point Barrow. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun NASA 10.126GA. -
Grenades Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 124 km (77 mi).
1965 - 22:53 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun NASA 10.120GA. -
Grenades Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 107 km (66 mi).
1965 - 22:58 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun NASA 10.123GA. -
Grenades Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 165 km (102 mi).
1967 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC10W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Thor Burner 2. LV Configuration: Thor Burner 2 169.
1967 - 09:39 GMT - Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Brigitte. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Diamant. Model: Diamant A. LV Configuration: Diamant A No. 3. FAILURE: Partial Failure - injected into too low an orbit.
1967 - 10:19 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Voskhod 11A57.
1968 - -
Decision to forego a second unmanned Apollo LM flight using LM-2 Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo LM. Grumman President L. J. Evans wrote ASPO Manager George M. Low stating his agreement with NASA's decision to forego a second unmanned LM flight using LM-2. (Grumman's new position - the company had earlier strongly urged such a second flight - was reached after discussions with Low and LM Manager G. H. Bolender at the end of January and after flight data was presented at the February 6 meeting of the OMSF Management Council.) Although the decision was not irreversible, being subject to further investigations by both contractor and customer, both sides now were geared for a manned flight on the next LM mission.
- Additional details.
1968 - -
VVS officers inspect TsPK. Nation: USSR. Program: Lunar L1, Lunar L3, Almaz. Spacecraft: Almaz OPS. It is currently organised in three cosmonaut detachments: Nikolayev commands the first detachment, which is training for L3, L1, and Soyuz fiights. Popovich commands the second, training for Almaz and 7K-VI military space missions. Nikeryasov commands the third, which is the 'observer' detachment.
1968 - 06:01 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 6. LV Configuration: Skylark 6 SL583A. -
UK SL583A test Nation: Australia. Agency: WRE/RAE. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
1969 - 03:19 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC35. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee 150. LV Configuration: Aerobee 150 NASA 04.308UA. -
JHU UVT F4 (Venus) Ultraviolet astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 164 km (101 mi).
1969 - 04:40 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Apache. Model: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.269UI. -
Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 133 km (82 mi).
1970 - -
Leonov wants to send letter to Brezhnev Nation: USSR. Work continues at the Gagarin Centre even on Sundays. Kamanin studies the reorganization of space units within the Ministry of Defence. Leonov wants to write a letter to Brezhnev, complaining about the management of the space programme. He wants to finger Mishin, Keldysh, Sminrov, Serbin, Ustinov, Krylov, Zakharov, and Grechko by name. Kamanin asks him -- can all the cosmonauts write to the head of state whenever they want? Who will protect them from the inferno of backlash that would result? He doesn't support Leonov's idea.
1970 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: 576A3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas F/Trident. LV Configuration: Atlas F/Trident 96F. -
RMP-B-15 re-entry vehicle test flight Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 1,400 km (800 mi).
1971 - -
Repercussions of Shonin incident. Nation: USSR. Program: Salyut. Kamanin has a meeting with Leonov and Shonin on the KIS incident. Shonin claims he was sober. Mishin calls. He says Khrunov and Shonin were not ready for training anyway; they had to be led by the nose the whole time. He would prefer that Yeliseyev, Kubasov, and Rukavishnikov be assigned to the mission.
1971 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF07. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. -
FOT GT91B Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1971 - 13:56 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee 170. LV Configuration: Aerobee 170 NASA 13.51UA. -
Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 265 km (164 mi).
1972 - 09:45 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 3. LV Configuration: Black Brant III ADD-3A-54. -
Infrared airglow profile Aeronomy / ionosphere / infrared astronomy mission Nation: Canada. Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 121 km (75 mi).
1973 - 13:15 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Voskhod 11A57.
1974 -
1976 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -.
1977 - 17:58 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: S. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 S22. -
SSC S22 Auroral Arc Auroral mission Nation: Sweden. Agency: SSC. Apogee: 212 km (131 mi).
1977 - 22:11 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7. LV Configuration: Skylark 7 PHA F1B AF6-F1. -
DLR A-GR-79 Silvia Aeronomy mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DFVLR. Apogee: 272 km (169 mi).
1978 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF26. Launch Pad: LF26?. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. -
FOT GT62GB Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1978 - 12:15 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
1979 - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ALFS. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Stromboli. Model: Dauphin. LV Configuration: Dauphin DA006. -
Ariane range test Nation: France. Agency: CNES. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).
1979 - 04:37 GMT - Launch Site: Kheysa. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: MR-12. -
Aeronomy/Ionosphere/Chemical release/Plasma mission Nation: USSR. Apogee: 155 km (96 mi).
1979 - 10:00 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 53782-417.
1982 -
1982 - 18:30 GMT - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3TK. -
Chevaline demonstration and shakedown operations launch Nation: USA. Agency: RN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1983 - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol. -
Test mission Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1984 - 09:23 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC32. Launch Pad: LC32/pad?. Launch Vehicle: Tsiklon. Model: Tsiklon-3. -
Cosmos 1536 Nation: USSR. Program: Tselina. Payload: Tselina-D no. 44. Mass: 2,200 kg (4,800 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Tselina-D. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 602 km (374 mi). Apogee: 631 km (392 mi). Inclination: 82.50 deg. Period: 97.00 min. COSPAR: 1984-013A. USAF Sat Cat: 14699.
1984 - 12:07 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
1985 - 06:10 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC4W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 34B. LV Configuration: Titan 34B 34B-10 (3B-69) / Ascent Agena D.
1985 - 18:14 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Honest John. Model: Taurus Orion. LV Configuration: Taurus Orion NASA 33.48UU. -
Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).
1985 - 23:22 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 3. LV Configuration: Ariane 3 V12.
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Brasilsat A1 Nation: Brazil. Program: Brasilsat. Mass: 671 kg (1,479 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: HS 376. Agency: Telebras. Perigee: 35,983 km (22,358 mi). Apogee: 35,999 km (22,368 mi). Inclination: 5.90 deg. Period: 1,446.60 min. COSPAR: 1985-015B. USAF Sat Cat: 15561. Stationed at 65 deg W. Brazilsat 1 & 2 provide telecommunications services to Brazil. Canada's Spar Aerospace was awarded a $125 million contract to build, under license, two satellites based on Hughes' HS-376 design (similar to Anik D). Brazilsat 1 & 2 were the first two elements of Brazil's national Sistema Barasilero de Telecommunicacoes por Satelite (SBTS) network. Spacecraft: Based on Hughes HS-376, single antenna on despun platform, spin stabilised, hydrazine thrusters, body mounted solar cells provide 982 W BOL. Payload: 24 C-band transponders with 6 spares, 10 W TWTA, EIRP >34 dBW over most of Brazilian territory Financial/Operational: Contract issued in 1990 for 2 units HS-376W. B1-B2 have dedicated transponders for government use. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 65 deg W in 1985-1994; 63 deg W in 1994-1996; 79 deg W in 1996-1998; 144 deg W in 1998-1999 As of 5 September 2001 located at 143.96 deg W drifting at 0.005 deg E per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 145.69E drifting at 2.591W degrees per day.
1988 - 22:08 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 3910. LV Configuration: Delta 3910 D181.
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Delta 181 Sensor Module Nation: USA. Payload: Thrusted Vector Sensor Mo. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: SDIO. Perigee: 287 km (178 mi). Apogee: 314 km (195 mi). Inclination: 30.70 deg. Period: 90.53 min. COSPAR: 1988-008B. USAF Sat Cat: 18848. Decay Date: 1988-04-02.
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SPX Nation: USA. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 1 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 10 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 2 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Solid Motor Subsatellite Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 11 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx. USAF Sat Cat: 18847. Decay Date: 1988-03-01.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 3 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 4 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 5 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 7 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 9 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Delta 181 Subsatellite 8 Nation: USA. Payload: Group 2 Test Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
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Sensor Cal Reference Subsat Nation: USA. Payload: Group 1 Cal Object. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1988-008xx.
1992 -
1993 - 20:00 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.100NS. -
Solar mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 289 km (179 mi).
1994 - 08:34 GMT - Launch Site: Xichang. Launch Complex: LC2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-3A. LV Configuration: Chang Zheng 3A CZ3A-1 (32).
1996 - 14:03 GMT -
2000 - -
Discovery of GRV 99027 Meteorite (Mars Meteorite) Nation: China.
2000 - 21:24 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: SLC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 7420-10C. LV Configuration: Delta 7420-10C D276.
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Globalstar M062 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar 62. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalsat. Perigee: 1,417 km (880 mi). Apogee: 1,418 km (881 mi). Inclination: 52.01 deg. Period: 114.09 min. COSPAR: 2000-008B. USAF Sat Cat: 26082. Mobile Telephony.
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Globalstar M063 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar 63. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalsat. Perigee: 1,413 km (877 mi). Apogee: 1,415 km (879 mi). Inclination: 52.00 deg. Period: 114.10 min. COSPAR: 2000-008C. USAF Sat Cat: 26083. Mobile Telephony.
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Globalstar M064 Nation: USA. Payload: Globalstar 64. Mass: 450 kg (990 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Globalstar. Manufacturer: Loral/Alenia. Agency: Globalsat. Perigee: 915 km (568 mi). Apogee: 934 km (580 mi). Inclination: 52.01 deg. Period: 103.43 min. COSPAR: 2000-008D. USAF Sat Cat: 26084. Mobile Telephony.
2000 - 23:20 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. LV Configuration: Soyuz 11A511U/Fregat A15000-079 ST07. -
IRDT Nation: Russia. Mass: 110 kg (240 lb). Class: Technology. Type: Capsule. Spacecraft: IRDT. Manufacturer: Lavochkin. Agency: ESA. Perigee: 580 km (361 mi). Apogee: 613 km (381 mi). Inclination: 64.85 deg. Period: 96.53 min. COSPAR: 2000-009. USAF Sat Cat: 26086. After four orbits around the Earth the test vehicle was powered by the launcher’s upper stage to re-enter the atmosphere for a landing about 1800 km northwest of the launch site. The heat shield was inflated and the IRDT separated from the upper stage. It then passed through the upper atmospheric layers that imposed the highest dynamic pressure, heat flux and acceleration loads onto the system. The IRDT landed inside the predicted area at 54 deg E and 51 deg N near the Kazakhstan border. Unfortunately, a tear occurred in the inflatable shield during descent resulting in a higher velocity and a heavier than expected impact on landing, resulting in some damage to the lower part of the IRDT. The IRDT was collected by helicopter so that the memory unit of the sensor package, with all recorded data, could be analysed. An initial data check confirmed that all experiments in the sensor package worked perfectly.
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Dummy satellite Nation: Russia. Class: Technology. Manufacturer: NPO Lavochkin, Moskva. Agency: Lavochkin. Perigee: 580 km (361 mi). Apogee: 613 km (381 mi). Inclination: 64.85 deg. Period: 96.53 min. COSPAR: 2000-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 26086.
2001 - - Discovery of the SAU 094 Meteorite (Mars Meteorite) Nation: Oman.
2002 - 18:41 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.192UE. -
NCAR / CU-8 Solar extreme ultraviolet mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
2005 - -
Stardust Exits Solar Conjunction Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Stardust.
2006 - 18:47 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.193. -
MOSES Solar extreme ultraviolet mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 282 km (175 mi).
Born on this day in:
Died on this day in: - 1982 - Vladimir Yevgeniyevich Turovets
. Soviet Pilot Cosmonaut. Cause of Death: Crash of Mi-8 helicopter.
- 1992 - Willi Mrazek. German Rocket engineer.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2008 except where otherwise noted.
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