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February 22
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See also Born on this Day On this day in: 1955 - Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Vehicle: Navaho X-10. LV Configuration: X-10 s/n 5 GM-19311.
1958 - 02:02 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee 150. Model: Aerobee Hi. LV Configuration: Aerobee Hi NN3.18F. -
Aerobee 150 NRL NN3.18F Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NRL. Apogee: 225 km (139 mi).
1958 - 05:35 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Nike-Cajun. Model: Nike Cajun. LV Configuration: Nike Cajun II6.26F. -
Nike-Cajun Chemical release/Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 129 km (80 mi).
1960 - Launch Vehicle: R-16.
1961 - Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Blandine. Launch Vehicle: Veronique. LV Configuration: Veronique AGI24/bio.
1961 - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Vehicle: R-5. LV Configuration: R-5 V-1000 target. -
R-5 Target mission Nation: USSR. Agency: OKB-30. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
1961 - 03:45 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17. Launch Pad: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Thor Able-Star. Model: Thor Ablestar. LV Configuration: Thor Ablestar 313 AB007. -
Transit 3B Nation: USA. Program: Transit. Mass: 112 kg (246 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Transit. Agency: U.S. Navy. COSPAR: 1961-Eta-1. USAF Sat Cat: 87. Decay Date: 1961-02-22. Lofti 1 piggyback payload did not separate. Nevertheless Transit 3B returned useful data needed for design of the operational satellites. It carried a digital clock driven by the same oscillator that drove the transmitters. It transmitted timing signals governed by the clock and a 384-bit memory. This allowed testing of the techniques for loading the memory from the ground, the ability of the memory to hold a message in orbit, and the ability to encode the memory contents by means of a frequency modulation on one of the main transmitters. It was also shown that ±60° phase modulation could be used to transmit the contents of the satellite memory without degradation of the accuracy of the Doppler signal and Doppler measurements.
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Lofti Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Lofti. Agency: USAF. COSPAR: 1961-Eta-xx.
1962 - Launch Vehicle: Titan 2. -
Proposal for redundant subsystems for the Gemini launch vehicle. Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Gemini. Martin-Baltimore submitted its initial proposal for the redundant flight control and hydraulic subsystems for the Gemini launch vehicle; on March 1, Martin was authorized to proceed with study and design work. The major change in the flight control system from Titan II missile to Gemini launch vehicle was substitution of the General Electric Mod IIIG radio guidance system (RGS) and Titan I three-axis reference system for the Titan II inertial guidance system. Air Force Space Systems Division issued a letter contract to General Electric Company, Syracuse, New York, for the RGS on June 27. Technical liaison, computer programs, and ground-based computer operation and maintenance were contracted to Burroughs Corporation, Paoli, Pennsylvania, on July 3.
1965 - 07:40 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. Model: Voskhod 11A57. LV Configuration: Voskhod 11A57 R15000-03. -
Cosmos 57 Nation: USSR. Program: Voskhod. Payload: Voskhod 3KD s/n 1. Mass: 5,682 kg (12,526 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Voskhod. Agency: NII-88. Perigee: 159 km (98 mi). Apogee: 708 km (439 mi). Inclination: 64.80 deg. Period: 93.20 min. COSPAR: 1965-012A. USAF Sat Cat: 1093. Duration: 0.22 days. Decay Date: 1965-02-22. Flight: Voskhod 2. Unsuccessful mission. Voskhod 2 test. Immediately after orbital insertion airlock and spacesuit inflated normally. Then two ground control stations sent commands to the spacecraft simultaneously. The combined signals accidentally set off the retrofire sequence, which some time later triggered the self destruct mechanism (designed to prevent the spacecraft from falling into enemy hands). Officially: Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. - Additional details.
1966 -
1966 - 18:28 GMT - Launch Site: Andoya. Launch Vehicle: Centaure. LV Configuration: Centaure CE-13. -
Centaure ESRO C14/1 Auroral mission Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 115 km (71 mi).
1966 - 20:09 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57. Model: Voskhod 11A57. LV Configuration: Voskhod 11A57 R15000-06. -
Cosmos 110 Nation: USSR. Program: Voskhod. Payload: Voskhod 3KV s/n 5. Mass: 5,700 kg (12,500 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Voskhod. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 181 km (112 mi). Apogee: 887 km (551 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 95.30 min. COSPAR: 1966-015A. USAF Sat Cat: 2070. Duration: 20.69 days. Decay Date: 1966-03-16. Flight: Voskhod 3. Successfully recovered March 15, 1966 13:00 GMT. Precursor mission for Voskhod 3 hardware. Two dogs carried into lower Van Allen radiation belts. Officially: Biological research. Voskhod s/n 5 launched at 23:10 Moscow time, with two dogs, Veterka and Ygolka, aboard. This will be a 25-day mission. Kamanin is disgusted, he had proposed this as a 25-day mission by a single cosmonaut, but Korolev had constantly held with the 'dog variant'. Preparations for Voskhod-3 are proceeding well. The prime and back-up crews have completed their training and will take their examinations on 28 February. Parallel trials of the oxygen regeneration system at IMBP and OKB-124 both went well (IMBP, 12 days so far, temperature 16-24 deg C, 70% humidity; OKB-124, 10 days so far, temperature 18-16 deg C, 65% humidity).
1967 - 07:12 GMT - Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: C. Launch Vehicle: Centaure. LV Configuration: Centaure CE-10. -
Centaure ESRO C10/2 Ionosphere mission Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 145 km (90 mi).
1967 - 22:02 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3. Launch Pad: SLC3W. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena D. Model: Thor SLV-2A Agena D. LV Configuration: Thor SLV-2A Agena D 493 / Agena D SS-01B 1635.
1968 - 05:09 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.364CM. -
Nike Apache TMA aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 156 km (96 mi).
1968 - 06:30 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.365CM. -
Nike Apache TMA aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 175 km (108 mi).
1968 - 08:00 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.366CM. -
Nike Apache TMA aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 181 km (112 mi).
1968 - 09:30 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.367CM. -
Nike Apache TMA aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 190 km (110 mi).
1968 - 11:02 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.208CA. -
Nike Apache Sodium-lithium release aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 168 km (104 mi).
1968 - 11:25 GMT - Launch Site: Thumba. Launch Vehicle: Centaure. LV Configuration: Centaure C89?. -
Centaure ISRO 25.01 Aeronomy mission Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 135 km (83 mi).
1968 - 11:55 GMT - Launch Site: Thumba. Launch Vehicle: Centaure. LV Configuration: Centaure C88. -
Centaure Aeronomy mission Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Apogee: 154 km (95 mi).
1969 - -
Apollo 9 countdown began Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo LM. Flight: Apollo 9. The Apollo 9 countdown to launch began, with launch scheduled for liftoff February 28. The 10-day flight would mark the first manned earth orbital flight of the lunar module, the first Apollo spacewalk, and the first manned checkout, rendezvous, and docking operations of the complete Apollo spacecraft. The Apollo 9 mission would be open-ended, allowing the mission plan to progress from one step to the next on the basis of real-time success.
1971 - 00:43 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee 350. LV Configuration: Aerobee 350 NASA 17.09UG. -
Aerobee 350 Crab polarization X-ray Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 196 km (121 mi).
1971 - 11:40 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3 AC. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 AC S85. FAILURE: Failure. -
Skylark ESRO S85 Ultraviolet Astronomy mission Nation: UK. Agency: BAC/ESRO. Apogee: 222 km (137 mi).
1972 - 06:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Vehicle: Kappa 9. Model: Kappa 9M. LV Configuration: Kappa 9M K-9M-38. -
Kappa 9 Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 352 km (218 mi).
1973 - 03:49 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IIIB. LV Configuration: Black Brant IIIB AAD-3B-64. -
Black Brant Aeronomy mission Nation: Canada. Agency: Canada. Apogee: 207 km (128 mi).
1973 - 13:04 GMT - Launch Site: South Uist. Launch Vehicle: Petrel. LV Configuration: Petrel P114H. -
Petrel Ionosphere mission Nation: UK. Agency: SRC. Apogee: 126 km (78 mi).
1974 - 04:59 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant II. LV Configuration: Black Brant II ADD-2A-128. -
Black Brant Auroral/Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission Nation: Canada. Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 131 km (81 mi).
1974 - 06:31 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.526UA. -
Nike Apache Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 137 km (85 mi).
1976 - 01:18 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Vehicle: Paiute Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Paiute Tomahawk GL A10.504-1. -
Paiute Tomahawk ICECAP 76 Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF GL. Apogee: 248 km (154 mi).
1977 - Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle.
1977 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC31. Launch Pad: LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U. FAILURE: Failure.
1978 - 23:44 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC3. Launch Pad: SLC3E. Launch Vehicle: Atlas F. Model: Atlas F/SVS. LV Configuration: Atlas F/SVS 64F.
1979 - 12:10 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
1979 - 12:15 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 6 AC. LV Configuration: Skylark 6 AC DLR W-GR-96. -
Skylark Astro 4-2 X-ray Astronomy Telescope mission Nation: Germany. Agency: DFVLR. Apogee: 192 km (119 mi).
1980 - 08:35 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: N. Launch Pad: N. Launch Vehicle: N. Model: N-1. LV Configuration: N-1 N-6(F).
1984 - Launch Site: Biscarosse. Launch Vehicle: MSBS M4. LV Configuration: MSBS M4 14. -
MSBS M4 Test mission Nation: France. Agency: DMA. Apogee: 800 km (490 mi).
1986 - 01:44 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA1. Launch Pad: ELA1. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 1. Model: Ariane 1. LV Configuration: Ariane 1 V16.
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Viking Nation: Sweden. Payload: Spot 1 / Viking. Mass: 538 kg (1,186 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: Viking (Sweden). Agency: SSC. Perigee: 817 km (507 mi). Apogee: 13,524 km (8,403 mi). Inclination: 98.80 deg. Period: 261.60 min. COSPAR: 1986-019B. USAF Sat Cat: 16614. Studied magnetic, electric, UV properties of auroral regions. Scientific satellite for the investigation of space plasma physics in the part of the magnetosphere close to the Earth, particularly in connection with the auroral phenomena. The nominal mission period is eight months but an extension can be envisaged. ST /SG/SER.E/167: The satellite Viking has ceased to function on 12 May 1987 due to a gradual degradation of its electrical power supply system. The satellite remains, however, in Earth orbit.
1987 - 15:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Vehicle: Kappa 9. Model: Kappa 9M. LV Configuration: Kappa 9M K-9M-80. -
Kappa 9 CIR Infrared Astronomy mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 317 km (196 mi).
1989 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF04. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3. -
Minuteman 3 FOT GT132GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).
1989 - 03:28 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132. Launch Pad: LC132/2. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 47111-236.
1990 - 23:17 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA2. Launch Pad: ELA2. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 44L. Model: Ariane 44L. LV Configuration: Ariane 44L V36. FAILURE: Exploded 100 seconds after liftoff due to water line blockage. This was caused by a piece of cloth found in the first stage Viking engine water cooling system.
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BS 2X Nation: USA. Program: BS. Payload: BS 2X. Spacecraft: HS 376. Agency: Arianespace. Apogee: 9.00 km (5.50 mi). COSPAR: F900222B.
1991 - 19:46 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.070US. -
Black Brant Solar mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
1992 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. -
Trident D-5 CINC Evaluation Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1992 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. -
Trident D-5 CINC Evaluation Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1992 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. -
Trident D-5 CINC Evaluation Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1992 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: ETR. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Vehicle: Trident D-5. -
Trident D-5 CINC Evaluation Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).
1992 - 03:15 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.089UG. -
Black Brant Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
1996 - 20:18 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC39. Launch Pad: LC39B. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Model: Space Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-75. -
STS-75 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Payload: Columbia F19 / USMP-3 Aft. Mass: 10,592 kg (23,351 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Columbia. Agency: NASA JSC. Perigee: 277 km (172 mi). Apogee: 320 km (190 mi). Inclination: 28.50 deg. Period: 90.50 min. COSPAR: 1996-012A. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Duration: 15.74 days. Decay Date: 1996-03-09. Crew: Allen Andy, Chang-Diaz, Cheli, Guidoni, Hoffman, Horowitz, Nicollier. Flight: STS-75. Carried TSS-1R tether satellite; satellite tether broke during deployment, making TSS-1R an unintentional free flyer Payloads: Tethered Satellite System (TSS) Reflight (1R); Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment (OARE) (part of United States Microgravity Payload 3); USMP-3; Commercial Protein Crystal Growth (CPCG) 09, Block IV; Middeck Glovebox Experiment (MGBX) (part of USMP-3). During the deployment of TSS, the tether broke and the satellite was lost.
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USMP-3 Fwd Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1996-012xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Decay Date: 1996-03-09.
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TSS-1R MPESS Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1996-012xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Decay Date: 1996-03-09.
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USMP-3 Aft Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1996-012xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Decay Date: 1996-03-09.
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EDO Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1996-012xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Decay Date: 1996-03-09.
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TSS-1R Deployer Nation: USA. Program: STS. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1996-012xx. USAF Sat Cat: 23801. Decay Date: 1996-03-09.
1997 - Launch Site: Wake Island. Launch Vehicle: Castor 4B. LV Configuration: Castor 4B TCMP II. -
Castor 4B Re-entry Vehicle Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: OSC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
2000 - - Galileo, Io 27 Flyby Spacecraft: Galileo.
2000 -
2001 - 04:55 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant IX. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.195DG. -
Black Brant J-PEX Ultraviolet Astronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).
Born on this day in:
- 1952 - Dr James Philip (Jim) Bagian. American Mission Specialist Astronaut. Birth City: Philadelphia. Birth State: Pennsylvania. Birth Country: USA.
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© Mark Wade, 1997 - 2007 except where otherwise noted.
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