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1943 -

  • BI-1 Flight 4 Nation: USSR. Payload: BI-1 # 2 flight 3. Class: Manned. Type: Rocketplane. Spacecraft: BI-1. Crew: Bakhchivangi.

    Maximum Altitude - 4000 m.

1948 -
  • Disagreement within US military on rocket roles Nation: USA.

    Key West Agreement formulated by military service chiefs which delineated respective service roles and missions. It did not clearly assign military aeronautical and rocket research and development responsibilities to the services.

1948 -
  • XS-1 Flight 74 Nation: USA. Payload: XS-1 # 1 flight 43. Class: Manned. Type: Rocketplane. Spacecraft: XS-1. Crew: Yeager.

    AF flight 21. Attained mach 1.25 in dive.

1949 -
  • XS-1 Flight 105 Nation: USA. Payload: XS-1 # 1 flight 62. Class: Manned. Type: Rocketplane. Spacecraft: XS-1. Crew: Ridley.

    AF flight 40. Familiarization flight. Mach 1.23 at 10675 m. Small engine fire due to loose igniter.

1954 - Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: V-2. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: R-1. Model: R-1 8A11. LV Configuration: R-1 8A11 No 1820.
  • Operational test Nation: USSR. Agency: NII-88. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1955 - Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Navaho. Model: Navaho X-10. LV Configuration: X-10 s/n 3 GM-19309.
  • Navaho X-10 flight 14 Nation: USA. Program: Navaho.

    First flight of refitted s/n 3, the static test article. Vehicle exploded on gear retraction - it was found that the destruct package was wired to the gear circuit instead of the engine circuit.

1957 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: X-17. LV Configuration: X-17 R-24 4203-A3.
  • Re-entry vehicle test Nation: USA. Agency: USAF 6555ATW. Apogee: 134 km (83 mi).

1959 -
  • First full-scale test simulating a Mercury pad-abort situation. Nation: USA. Program: Mercury. Spacecraft: Mercury.

    Langley's Pilotless Aircraft Research Division conducted, at Wallops Island, the first full-scale test simulating a pad-abort situation. A full weight and size spacecraft was used. For the first 50 feet the flight was essentially straight, indicating the successful functioning of the abort rocket. Thereafter, the spacecraft pitched through several turns and impacted a short distance from the shore. The malfunction was traced to the loss of a graphite insert from one of the three abort rocket nozzles, which caused a misalignment of thrust.

1960 -
  • Pioneer V Nation: USA. Program: Mercury. Spacecraft: Mercury.

    Pioneer V, launched as a probe of the space between Earth and Venus, began to provide invaluable information on solar flare effects, particle energies and distributions and magnetic phenomena. Pioneer V continued to transmit such data until on June 26, 1960, when at a distance of 22.5 million miles from Earth, it established a new communications record.

1960 - 00:36 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC13. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas D. LV Configuration: Atlas D 51D. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Research and development launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF.

1960 - 13:00 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Thor Able IV. LV Configuration: Thor Able IV 219.
  • Pioneer 5 Nation: USA. Program: Pioneer. Payload: Pioneer P 2 / Able 6. Mass: 43 kg (94 lb). Class: Solar. Spacecraft: Pioneer 5. Agency: NASA. COSPAR: 1960-Alpha-1. USAF Sat Cat: 27.

    Solar research. Solar Orbit (Heliocentric). Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B).

1963 -
  • First Apollo LM fire-in-the-hole model test Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo LM.

    Grumman completed its first "fire-in-the-hole" model test. Even though preliminary data agreed with predicted values, they nonetheless planned to have a support contractor, the Martin Company, verify the findings.

1963 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: R-9. Model: Romashka. FAILURE: Failure.
  • State trials missile test Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1963 - 04:30 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 7C. LV Configuration: Skylark-7C SL85.
  • XR / La / RF / CW / SpE Ionosphere / solar x-rays mission Nation: Australia. Agency: WRE/RAE. Apogee: 209 km (129 mi).

1964 - Launch Site: Hammaguira. Launch Complex: Bacchus. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: VE. Model: Topaze VE111L. LV Configuration: Topaze VE111L L2.
  • Test mission Nation: France. Agency: ONERA. Apogee: 110 km (60 mi).

1964 - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA5B. Launch Pad: LA5B?. Launch Vehicle: Black Knight. Model: Black Knight 201/C2. LV Configuration: Black Knight-201/C2 BK.12.
  • Dazzle re-entry vehicle test Nation: UK. Agency: RAE. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).

1964 - 12:30 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC25A. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3X-58. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Test mission Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1964 - 20:14 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC4W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas Agena D. LV Configuration: Atlas Agena D 296D / Agena D S01A 4804.
  • KH 7-06 Nation: USA. Payload: KH-7 no. 6. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: KH-7. Agency: NRO/USAF. Perigee: 163 km (101 mi). Apogee: 203 km (126 mi). Inclination: 95.70 deg. Period: 88.20 min. COSPAR: 1964-012A. USAF Sat Cat: 764. Decay Date: 1964-03-16.

    KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 -
  • Kit-type mapping and survey system in the basic Apollo Block II Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo MSS.

    MSC directed North American to incorporate the capability for storing a kit-type mapping and survey system into the basic Block II configuration. The actual hardware, which would be installed in the equipment bay of certain SMs (designated by MSC), would weigh up to 680 kg (1,500 lbs).

1965 - 09:35 GMT - Launch Site: Pacific Ocean. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 9.5 S x 82.4 W. Launch Vehicle: Apache. Model: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.98UA.
  • Composition(Tropics) Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 197 km (122 mi).

    Launched at 1965 Croatan MRF Expedition LP6 - - Latitude: 9.45 S - Longitude: 82.43 W.

1965 - 13:39 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC2E. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Thor Ablestar. LV Configuration: Thor Ablestar-2 440 AB018.
  • Transit-O-3 Nation: USA. Program: Transit. Mass: 60 kg (132 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Transit. Agency: USN. Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 418 km (259 mi). Inclination: 90.00 deg. Period: 90.70 min. COSPAR: 1965-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 1303. Decay Date: 1965-06-14.

    Naval Avionics Facility-assembled production spacecraft. Failed after a few weeks operation.

  • SECOR 2 Nation: USA. Payload: EGRS 2. Mass: 18 kg (39 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic. Spacecraft: SECOR. Agency: USA ACE. Perigee: 296 km (183 mi). Apogee: 1,014 km (630 mi). Inclination: 90.00 deg. Period: 97.90 min. COSPAR: 1965-017B. USAF Sat Cat: 1250. Decay Date: 1968-02-26.

    Failed. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A).

1965 - 20:07 GMT - Launch Site: Pacific Ocean. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 9.5 S x 81.2 W. Launch Vehicle: Apache. Model: Nike Apache. LV Configuration: Nike Apache NASA 14.99UA.
  • Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

    Launched at 1965 Croatan MRF Expedition LP8 - - Latitude: 9.53 S - Longitude: 81.23 W.

1966 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF03. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 1. Model: Minuteman 1B. LV Configuration: Minuteman 1B 1211.
  • Follow-on operational missile test Nation: USA. Agency: SAC 1STRAD. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).

1968 -
  • Decree 'On formation of the Space Branch of NII-4' was issued. Nation: USSR.

1969 - Launch Vehicle: Saturn V.
  • Cost of the Apollo 204 fire $410 million Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo LM. Flight: Apollo 204.

    The additional direct cost to the Apollo research and development program from the January 27, 1967, Apollo 204 fire was estimated at $410 million, principally for spacecraft modifications, NASA Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight George E. Mueller testified in congressional hearings. The accident delayed the first manned flight of the spacecraft by about 18 months. "During this period, however, there occurred a successful unmanned test of the Lunar Module and two unmanned tests of the Saturn V vehicle."

1969 -
  • Apollo 10 transferred to Pad B, Launch Complex 39 Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Flight: Apollo 10.

    Apollo 10 was transferred to Pad B, Launch Complex 39, at KSC - for first operational use of Pad B. Meanwhile, a revised work schedule providing for a Flight Readiness Test on April 9 and launch readiness on May 18 was being prepared for Apollo 10.

1969 - 03:33 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 5B. LV Configuration: Black Brant VB AAF-VB-22.
  • Aurora / aeronomy / ionosphere mission Nation: Canada. Agency: NRCC. Apogee: 141 km (87 mi).

1969 - 06:32 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk NASA 18.81UA.
  • Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi).

1969 - 14:08 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Nike. Model: Nike Hydac. LV Configuration: Nike Hydac SECEDE R5.
  • IRONWOOD Ba Aeronomy / Fields mission Nation: USA. Agency: ARPA. Apogee: 140 km (80 mi).

1970 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF22. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 2. LV Configuration: Minuteman 2 2424.
  • OT GT24F operational test launch Nation: USA. Agency: SAC 1STRAD. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).

1970 - 22:01 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 SL921.
  • X-ray RMC X-ray astronomy mission Nation: UK. Agency: BAC. Apogee: 247 km (153 mi).

1971 - 1971 - Launch Site: Green River. Launch Complex: Pad 3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Athena RTV. LV Configuration: Athena B035.
  • Re-entry Vehicle test Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi).

1971 - 08:56 GMT - Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 3 AC. LV Configuration: Skylark 3 AC S55.
  • ESRO S55 X-ray astronomy mission Nation: Europe. Agency: ESRO. Apogee: 159 km (98 mi).

1971 - 10:37 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tomahawk Sandia. Model: Nike Tomahawk. LV Configuration: Nike Tomahawk Caribou V.
  • Aurora ultraviolet mission Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 270 km (160 mi).

1975 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Strypi. Model: Strypi VIIR.
  • MTV-II-2 re-entry vehicle test flight Nation: USA. Agency: Sandia. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi).

1975 - 06:33 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Honest John. Model: HJ Nike Javelin. LV Configuration: HJ Nike Javelin DNA IC511.21-1A.
  • ICECAP Aurora mission Nation: USA. Agency: ARPA/DNA. Apogee: 183 km (113 mi).

1975 - 06:34 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Javelin. Model: Nike Javelin. LV Configuration: Nike Javelin DNA IC506.36-1.
  • ICECAP 75A Auroral mission Nation: USA. Agency: DNA. Apogee: 130 km (80 mi).

1976 - 19:45 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M.
  • Molniya 1-33 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 151 km (93 mi). Apogee: 37,773 km (23,471 mi). Inclination: 62.60 deg. Period: 669.10 min. COSPAR: 1976-021A. USAF Sat Cat: 8741. Decay Date: 1990-10-10.

    Continued operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio-communication system within the Soviet Union and transmission of USSR central television programmes to stations in the Orbita and participating international networks (international cooperation scheme). Uncertain if Molniya-1T model was Molniya-1 or Molniya-1T.

1983 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF04. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3.
  • FOT GT93GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).

1983 - 15:29 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML.
  • Molniya 3-20 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-3 s/n 34. Mass: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-3. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 2,069 km (1,285 mi). Apogee: 38,314 km (23,807 mi). Inclination: 63.90 deg. Period: 718.40 min. COSPAR: 1983-015A. USAF Sat Cat: 13875.

    Replaced Molniya 3-17. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network and within the framework of international cooperation.

1987 - 10:25 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Cosmos 1826 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Zenit-8. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 191 km (118 mi). Apogee: 374 km (232 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 90.20 min. COSPAR: 1987-025A. USAF Sat Cat: 17577. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1987-03-25.

    Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule.

1988 - 00:18 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M 47161-263.
  • Cosmos 1924 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 321. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Apogee: 1,514 km (940 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-016A. USAF Sat Cat: 18937.

    Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket.

  • Cosmos 1925 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 322. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Apogee: 1,497 km (930 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.50 min. COSPAR: 1988-016B. USAF Sat Cat: 18938.

  • Cosmos 1926 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 323. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Apogee: 1,479 km (919 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-016C. USAF Sat Cat: 18939.

  • Cosmos 1927 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 324. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,455 km (904 mi). Apogee: 1,467 km (911 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 115.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-016D. USAF Sat Cat: 18940.

  • Cosmos 1928 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 325. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,444 km (897 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-016E. USAF Sat Cat: 18941.

  • Cosmos 1929 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 326. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,429 km (887 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.80 min. COSPAR: 1988-016F. USAF Sat Cat: 18942.

  • Cosmos 1930 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 327. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,414 km (878 mi). Apogee: 1,460 km (900 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.60 min. COSPAR: 1988-016G. USAF Sat Cat: 18943.

  • Cosmos 1931 Nation: USSR. Program: Strela. Payload: Strela-1M no. 328. Mass: 40 kg (88 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Spacecraft: Strela-1M. Agency: MO SSSR. Perigee: 1,398 km (868 mi). Apogee: 1,461 km (907 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 114.40 min. COSPAR: 1988-016H. USAF Sat Cat: 18944.

1988 - 06:38 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML.
  • Molniya 1-71 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,199 km (745 mi). Apogee: 39,149 km (24,326 mi). Inclination: 63.80 deg. Period: 717.70 min. COSPAR: 1988-017A. USAF Sat Cat: 18946.

    Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network.

1988 - 23:28 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane. Model: Ariane 3. LV Configuration: Ariane 3 V21.
  • Spacenet F3R Nation: USA. Program: GTE. Payload: Spacenet 3R. Mass: 1,212 kg (2,672 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 3000. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin. Agency: France T. Perigee: 35,935 km (22,328 mi). Apogee: 35,980 km (22,350 mi). Inclination: 2.40 deg. Period: 1,444.90 min. COSPAR: 1988-018A. USAF Sat Cat: 18951. Completed Operations Date: 1999-12-01.

    US domestic communications; 87 deg W. C, Ku band communications satellite. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 87 deg W in 1988-1997; 83 deg W in 1997-1999 As of 2 September 2001 located at 107.85 deg W drifting at 2.220 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 153.60E drifting at 2.179W degrees per day.

  • Telecom 1C Nation: France. Program: Telecom. Mass: 1,210 kg (2,660 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Eurostar 2000. Manufacturer: Matra Marconi Space-France, Toulouse. Agency: GTE. Perigee: 36,037 km (22,392 mi). Apogee: 36,860 km (22,900 mi). Inclination: 5.50 deg. Period: 1,470.10 min. COSPAR: 1988-018B. USAF Sat Cat: 18952. Completed Operations Date: 1996-03-22.

    French domestic communications; 5 deg E. Communications satellite. Registration France 1984-2.B (Telecom 1A) 1985-2.B (Telecom 1B). 1988-1-C (Telecom 1C). Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 5 deg W in 1988-1992; 3 deg E in 1992-1996 As of 5 September 2001 located at 109.19 deg W drifting at 8.404 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 34.65E drifting at 8.341W degrees per day.

1994 - 06:50 GMT - Launch Site: Poker Flat. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.114DE.
  • HIRAAS 3 Aurora mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 308 km (191 mi).

1998 - 23:39 GMT - Launch Site: Arecibo. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.159UE.
  • Coqui Dos LaTuR Ionosphere mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 375 km (233 mi).

1999 - Launch Vehicle: CZ. Model: CZ-2F.
  • Chinese Man-Rated Launch Vehicle Test Predicted Nation: China. Spacecraft: Shenzhou.

    It was reported on the Internet that the maiden flight of a new version of the CZ-2E designed to carry a manned vehicle would be made by mid-1999.

2001 - 05:12 GMT -
  • EVA ISS EO-2-1 Nation: USA. Program: ISS. Spacecraft: International Space Station. Crew: Voss, Helms. Flight: ISS EO-2. EVA Duration: 0.37 days.

    On March 11 Jim Voss and Susan Helms made a spacewalk from Discovery's airlock. A PAD device used to attach equipment to the RMS arm floated free and Voss retrieved a spare one from Unity, putting the walk behind schedule. The astronauts installed the Lab Cradle Assembly and the Rigid Umbilical on Destiny and disconnected the umbilicals connecting the PMA-3 docking port to Unity. The astronauts then spent two-and-a-half hours back in the depressurized airlock in case their help was needed during the move of PMA-3. Thomas used the RMS arm to unberth PMA-3 from the nadir port on Unity and relocated it to the port port location, freeing up the nadir for the MPLM. The airlock was depressurized at 0508 GMT and repressurized at 1408 GMT.

2003 - 00:59 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC37B. Launch Pad: SLC37B. Launch Vehicle: Delta IV. Model: Delta IV Medium. LV Configuration: Delta 4M D4-2 (296) 4040.
  • USA 167 Nation: USA. Program: DSCS. Payload: DSCS III A-3. Mass: 1,235 kg (2,722 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: DSCS III. Agency: USAF. COSPAR: 2003-008A. USAF Sat Cat: 27684.

    First flight of a fully cryogenic orbital launch vehicle. Delayed from December 2001, February 2, 6, 8, 11, 12 and March 8 2003. Satellite mas 2,733 kg with kick stage.

2004 - Launch Site: Mojave. Launch Complex: RW12/30. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Tier One.
  • White Knight/SpaceShipOne Flight 49L / 12G Nation: USA. Program: X-Prize. Spacecraft: SpaceShipOne. Apogee: 14 km (8 mi). Crew: Siebold.

    Objectives: The twelfth flight of SpaceShipOne. Objectives included: pilot proficiency, reaction control system functionality check and stability and control and performance of the vehicle with the airframe thermal protection system installed. This was an unpowered glide test. Results: Launch conditions were 48,500 feet and 125 knots. All systems performed as expected and the vehicle landed successfully while demonstrating the maximum cross wind landing capability.

    Flight Time: 1.3 hours / 18 mins 30 secs White Knight Pilot: Binnie White Knight Copilot: Stinemetze White Knight Flt Engineer: SpaceShipOne Pilot: Siebold High Chase-Starship Pilot: Karkow Low Chase-Extra Pilot: Melvill / Coleman

2005 - 21:42 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: SLC41. Launch Vehicle: Atlas V. Model: Atlas V 431. LV Configuration: Atlas V 431 AV-004.
  • Inmarsat 4-F1 Nation: International. Program: Inmarsat. Payload: Inmarsat 4A / Eurostar 3000GM. Mass: 5,959 kg (13,137 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Eurostar 3000. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Agency: Inmarsat. Perigee: 35,562 km (22,097 mi). Apogee: 36,011 km (22,376 mi). Inclination: 3.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2005-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 28628.

    Heaviest single payload to geosynchronous transfer orbit to that date. Delayed from October 2004, February 27, March 10, 2005. The satellite was to provide L-band mobile communications and wideband data transmission for Inmarsat's global network. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 63.82E drifting at 0.000E degrees per day.

2006 - 22:33 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5. Model: Ariane 5ECA. LV Configuration: Ariane 5ECA V170 (527).
  • Spainsat Nation: Spain. Payload: LS-1300. Mass: 3,683 kg (8,119 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: FS-1300. Manufacturer: SS/Loral. Agency: Hisdesat. Perigee: 35,777 km (22,230 mi). Apogee: 35,797 km (22,243 mi). Inclination: 0.00 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2006-007A. USAF Sat Cat: 28945.

    Spainsat was to provide secure X and Ku band communications for the Spanish defense ministry. It had a dry mass of 1467 kg and a solar panel span of 31.4m. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 29.99W drifting at 0.010W degrees per day.

  • Hot Bird 7A Nation: Europe. Program: Eutelsat. Payload: SB-3000B3. Mass: 4,100 kg (9,000 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Spacebus 3000. Manufacturer: Alcatel Alenia Space. Agency: Eutelsat. Perigee: 35,767 km (22,224 mi). Apogee: 35,806 km (22,248 mi). Inclination: 0.30 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2006-007B. USAF Sat Cat: 28946.

    Hot Bird 7A had a dry mass of 1740 kg and a solar panel span of 36.9m. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 13.03E drifting at 0.010E degrees per day.

2007 - 22:03 GMT - Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: ELA3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 5. Model: Ariane 5ECA. LV Configuration: Ariane 5ECA V175 (535).
  • Insat 4B Nation: India. Program: Insat. Mass: 3,035 kg (6,691 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Insat 3. Manufacturer: ISRO. Agency: ISRO. COSPAR: 2007-007A. USAF Sat Cat: 30793.

    ISRO communications satellite with C and Ku band channels, and a dry mass of 1335 kg

  • Skynet 5A Nation: UK. Program: Skynet. Mass: 4,635 kg (10,218 lb). Class: Communications. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Eurostar 3000. Manufacturer: EADS Astrium. Agency: Paradigm. Perigee: 35,772 km (22,227 mi). Apogee: 35,800 km (22,200 mi). Inclination: 0.10 deg. Period: 1,436.10 min. COSPAR: 2007-007B. USAF Sat Cat: 30794.

    Skynet 5A was launched by Paradigm Secure Communications as part of its turnkey contract to provide a secure communications satellite network to the British military and NATO.

2008 - 06:28 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Pad: LC39A. Launch Vehicle: Shuttle. Model: Space Shuttle. LV Configuration: Space Shuttle STS-123.
  • STS-123 Nation: USA. Payload: Endeavour F21 / Dextre, Kibo ELM-PS. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Endeavour. Perigee: 341 km (211 mi). Apogee: 346 km (214 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.40 min. COSPAR: 2008-009A. USAF Sat Cat: 32699. Duration: 15.76 days. Decay Date: 2008-03-27 00:40:41. Crew: Gorie, Johnson Gregory H, Behnken, Foreman, Linnehan, Doi, Reisman.

    Endeavour's main task was delivery of the Canadian Dextre robotic manipulator (fitted to the end of the Canadarm-2 robotic arm already installed on the station) and the Japanese Kibo ELM-PS Experiment Logistics Module - Pressurized. It also brought astronaut Reisman to the station, replacing Eyharts on the long-duration crew. The orbiter was placed in an initial 58 km x 220 km orbit at main engine shutdown, adjusted by the OMS-2 firing 38 minutes later to a 220 km x 233 km chase orbit. On 13 March the shuttle docked with the PMA-2 port of the International Space Station at 03:49 GMT. Mission accomplished, Endeavour undocked at 00:25 GMT on March 25, completed the customary ISS flyaround at 01:36 GMT, deorbited at 23:33 GMT the next day, and landed at 00:39 GMT at Kennedy Space Center.


Born on this day in:
  • 1956 - Curtis (Curt) Lee Brown Jr.  American Pilot Astronaut. Birth City: Elizabethtown. Birth State: North Carolina. Birth Country: USA.
  • 1963 - Marcos Cesar Pontes.  Brazilian Pilot Astronaut. Birth City: Bauru. Birth Country: Brazil.

Died on this day in:
  • 1945 - Walter Hohmann.  German German Spaceflight theoretician.

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