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1939 - Launch Site: Peenemuende. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: V-2.

  • A4 full scale development authorised Nation: Germany.

    Von Brauchtisch gave the go-ahead for the A4 to enter full development as a weapon system for the German Army.

1948 -
  • Samolyot 5 rocketplane crashes. Nation: USSR. Spacecraft: Samolyot 5. Crew: Pakhomov.

    The first 5-1 aircraft was destroyed on its third glide flight.

1951 -
  • XS-1 Flight 154 Nation: USA. Payload: XS-1 # 2 flight 73. Class: Manned. Type: Rocketplane. Spacecraft: XS-1. Crew: Crossfield.

    NACA flight 53. Fuselage pressure distribution survey. Number 1 cylinder failed to fire. Stabilizer pull-ups at mach 1.07.

1952 - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: HVAR.
  • Rascal Model test flight Nation: USA. Agency: NACA. Apogee: 5.00 km (3.10 mi).

1953 - 05:36 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC35. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. Model: Aerobee XASR-SC-1. LV Configuration: Aerobee XASR-SC-1 SC 33.
  • Grenades Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: USA. Apogee: 114 km (70 mi).

    Density research. Launched at 2236 local time. Reached 105.5 km.

1958 - Launch Site: AMR DZ. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: 29.0 N x 79.0 W. Launch Vehicle: High Virgo.
  • High Virgo satellite interceptor mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 13 km (8 mi).

1959 - 15:27 GMT - Launch Site: Fort Churchill. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 1. LV Configuration: Black Brant I BB-1-01.
  • PTV-1 test Nation: Canada. Agency: CARDE. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

1961 - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Saturn V.
  • Purchase of land for Saturn V launch facilities. Nation: USA. Program: Apollo.

    Authorization for NASA to acquire necessary land for additional launch facilities at Cape Canaveral was approved by the Senate.

1962 -
  • Studies of Apollo unmanned logistic system Nation: USA. Program: Apollo. Spacecraft: Apollo ULS.

    Two three-month studies of an unmanned logistic system to aid astronauts on a lunar landing mission would be negotiated with three companies, NASA announced. Under a $150,000 contract, Space Technology Laboratories, Inc., would look into the feasibility of developing a general-purpose spacecraft into which varieties of payloads could be fitted. Under two $75,000 contracts, Northrop Space laboratories and Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation would study the possible cargoes that such a spacecraft might carry. NASA Centers simultaneously would study lunar logistic: trajectories, launch vehicle adaptation, lunar landing touchdown dynamics, scheduling, and use of roving vehicles on the lunar surface.

1963 - Launch Site: Barbados. Launch Complex: HARP. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Martlet. Model: Martlet 3.
  • Test mission Nation: Canada. Agency: HARP. Apogee: 100 km (60 mi).

    The Martlet 3A gun-launched rocket program began in the spring of 1963 with test flights beginning in September. Early Martlet 3A test flights were less then successful. At launch loads of 5000-6000 g’s the rocket motor fuel grain would fail.The Martlet 3A set a world record as the largest rocket launched from a gun.

1963 - 03:41 GMT - Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: LA2. Launch Pad: LA2 SL. Launch Vehicle: Skylark. Model: Skylark 5C. LV Configuration: Skylark-5C SL87.
  • Test mission Nation: Australia. Agency: WRE/RAE. Apogee: 214 km (132 mi).

1964 - Launch Site: ETR Launch Area. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Polaris. Model: Polaris A3. LV Configuration: Polaris A3P-13.
  • Operational test Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1964 - 01:23 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC12. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Atlas. Model: Atlas Agena B. LV Configuration: Atlas Agena B 195D (AA10) / Agena B 6501 (AA10).
  • OGO 1 Nation: USA. Payload: OGO A. Mass: 487 kg (1,073 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Magnetosphere. Spacecraft: OGO. Agency: NASA GSF. Perigee: 21,446 km (13,325 mi). Apogee: 127,394 km (79,158 mi). Inclination: 44.60 deg. Period: 3,809.50 min. COSPAR: 1964-054A. USAF Sat Cat: 879. Decay Date: 1980-08-10.

    Two experiment booms failed to properly deploy, with one of the booms obscuring a horizon scanner's view of earth. As a result, the spacecraft attitude could not be earth oriented and OGO 1 remained spin stabilized at 5 rpm. Nevertheless, data from all 20 experiments on board was received, although at a 'less than expected capacity' from some of them. Twelve of the experiemnts were particle studies and two were magnetic field studies. In addition, there was one experiment for each of the following types of studies: interplanetary dust, VLF, Lyman-alpha, Gegenschein, atmospheric mass, and radio astronomy. During September 1964, acceptable data were received over 70% of the orbital path. By June 1969, data acquisition was limited to 10% of the orbital path. Spacecraft operation was restricted to Spring and Fall due to power supply limitations. There were 11 such 3-month periods prior to the spacecraft being put into stand-by mode on 25 November 1969. By April 1970 the spacecraft perigee had increased to 46,000 km and the inclination had increased to 58.8 deg. All support was terminated November 1, 1971.

1968 - 07:00 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: LC1 or LC31. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Voskhod 11A57.
  • Cosmos 239 Nation: USSR. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Zenit-4. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 201 km (124 mi). Apogee: 274 km (170 mi). Inclination: 51.80 deg. Period: 89.20 min. COSPAR: 1968-073A. USAF Sat Cat: 3353. Duration: 8.00 days. Decay Date: 1968-09-13.

    High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule

1969 -
  • Guidelines for a second Skylab OWS. Nation: USA. Program: Skylab. Spacecraft: Skylab. Flight: Skylab B.

    The objectives, constraints, and guidelines for a second OWS were stated in general terms along the following lines: OWS would reflect the same physical features and capabilities exhibited by the initial Workshop and would use the flight hardware to be procured as backup for the first Workshop missions. Crew complement would consist of three men (at least one scientist astronaut). Operating life would be 12 to 24 months, nominally continuously manned. Orbital altitude would be in the range of 390 to 500 km at an inclination up to 55°. - Additional details.

1969 -
  • State Commission meets on the Luna 15 failure investigation Nation: USSR. Program: Luna. Spacecraft: Luna Ye-8-5.

    It is felt the problems are understood and go-ahead is given for the next lunar soil return robot launch attempt on 23 September. Kamanin considers this very unlikely to be successful -- all of the plans for automated spacecraft and their booster rockets have not been realised to date.

1971 - 13:44 GMT - Launch Site: Resolute Bay. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 3. LV Configuration: Black Brant III NASA 22.02UE.
  • Plasma mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 150 km (90 mi).

1973 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF02. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3.
  • FOT GT43GM Follow-on Test launch Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).

1974 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Combat training launch Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1975 -
  • Enterprise aft fuselage complete. Nation: USA. Program: STS. Class: Manned. Type: Spaceplane. Spacecraft: Enterprise.

    Aft fuselage on dock, Palmdale, Enterprise (OV-101)

1975 - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: UR-100. Model: UR-100K. FAILURE: Failure.
  • Operational missile test Nation: USSR. Agency: RVSN. Apogee: 0 km ( mi).

1975 - 04:25 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: LF05. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 2.
  • ERCS GIANT MOON 7 Communications mission Nation: USA. Agency: USAF SAC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi).

1975 - 14:50 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC43/3. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Cosmos 758 Nation: USSR. Payload: Yantar-2K s/n 3. Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Spacecraft: Yantar-2K. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 174 km (108 mi). Apogee: 326 km (202 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.50 min. COSPAR: 1975-080A. USAF Sat Cat: 8191. Duration: 1.00 days. Decay Date: 1975-09-25.

    Third Yantar-2K second generation reconnaissance flight, the first with the new Kondor attitude control system. This system experienced problems and failed on the second day of flight. The spacecraft's destruct package was activated by ground command and the spacecraft was destroyed on 6 September 1975 in its second day of flight.

1977 - 12:56 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 3E. LV Configuration: Titan IIIE 23E-6 / Centaur D-1T E-6.
  • Voyager 1 Nation: USA. Payload: Voyager 1 [Star-37E]. Mass: 800 kg (1,760 lb). Class: Planetary. Type: Outer Planets. Spacecraft: Voyager. Agency: NASA JPL. COSPAR: 1977-084A. USAF Sat Cat: 10321.

    Jupiter flyby 3/5/79, Saturn flyby 11/12/80. Solar system escape trajectory. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B).

1979 - 10:20 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U.
  • Cosmos 1127 Nation: USSR. Program: Resurs. Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Landsat. Spacecraft: Resurs F1-17F41. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 210 km (130 mi). Apogee: 268 km (166 mi). Inclination: 81.30 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1979-080A. USAF Sat Cat: 11520. Duration: 13.00 days. Decay Date: 1979-09-18.

    High resolution photo surveillance; film capsule; maneuverable; also performed earth resources tasks. Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation.

1981 - 01:00 GMT - Launch Site: Kagoshima. Launch Complex: L. Launch Pad: K. Launch Vehicle: S. Model: S-520. LV Configuration: S-520-4.
  • Payload recovery rest / ionosphere mission Nation: Japan. Agency: ISAS. Apogee: 224 km (139 mi).

1983 - 07:30 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Loki. Model: Super Loki. LV Configuration: Super Loki T 1-0663.
  • Test / aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 107 km (66 mi).

1983 -
  • Landing of STS-8 Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-8.

    STS-8 landed at 07:40 GMT.

1984 - 13:25 GMT - Launch Site: Wallops Island. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Loki. Model: Super Loki.
  • PWN-12A / TI-903 Aeronomy mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA. Apogee: 108 km (67 mi).

1984 -
  • Landing of STS-41-D Nation: USA. Program: STS. Flight: STS-41-D.

    STS-41-D landed at 13:39 GMT.

1986 - 09:12 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M-ML.
  • Molniya 1-68 Nation: USSR. Program: Molniya. Payload: Molniya-1T. Mass: 1,800 kg (3,900 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: Molniya-1T. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 1,710 km (1,060 mi). Apogee: 38,643 km (24,011 mi). Inclination: 64.60 deg. Period: 717.80 min. COSPAR: 1986-068A. USAF Sat Cat: 16934. Decay Date: 2000-06-20.

    Replaced Molniya 1-57. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network.

1986 - 15:08 GMT - Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: Delta 3920. LV Configuration: Delta 3920 D180.
  • USA 19 Nation: USA. Payload: Delta 180 / Payload Adapter System. Class: Military. Type: SDI. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: SDIO. Perigee: 213 km (132 mi). Apogee: 748 km (464 mi). Inclination: 39.10 deg. Period: 94.20 min. COSPAR: 1986-069A. USAF Sat Cat: 16937. Decay Date: 1986-09-28.

    SDIO sensor tests. Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C).

  • Delta 180 Sensor Module Nation: USA. Payload: DM 43 Sensor Module. Spacecraft: SDI. Agency: SDIO. Perigee: 215 km (133 mi). Apogee: 539 km (334 mi). Inclination: 22.70 deg. Period: 92.09 min. COSPAR: 1986-069B. USAF Sat Cat: 16938. Decay Date: 1986-11-25.

1986 - 16:30 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: LC36. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Aries. LV Configuration: Aries SDIO.
  • Delta 180 Target Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: SDIO. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

1988 - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 2.
  • First Titan 2 standard launch vehicle launch Nation: USA.

    First Titan II standard launch vehicle (SLV), a refurbished and modified Titan II ICBM, launched from Vandenberg AFB.

1988 - 09:25 GMT - Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: SLC4W. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Titan. Model: Titan 2G. LV Configuration: Titan II SLV 23G-1 / M68B-56 + M68B-98.
  • USA 32 Nation: USA. Payload: SBWASS R1. Mass: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb). Class: Sigint. Spacecraft: Singleton. Agency: USAF. Perigee: 185 km (114 mi). Apogee: 292 km (181 mi). Inclination: 85.00 deg. Period: 89.30 min. COSPAR: 1988-078A. USAF Sat Cat: 19460.

    New class of signals intelligence satellite; possibly some kind of imaging also done. On-board propulsion boosts spacecraft to 800 km operating orbit.

1988 - 23:00 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: T. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: TR-1. Model: TR-1. LV Configuration: TR-1 TR-1-1.
  • H-II 1/4 Scale model test flight Nation: Japan. Agency: NASDA. Apogee: 85 km (52 mi).

1989 - 19:11 GMT - Launch Site: Tanegashima. Launch Complex: N. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Delta. Model: H-1. LV Configuration: H-1-6R H-20(F).
  • Himawari 4 Nation: Japan. Payload: GMS 4. Mass: 725 kg (1,598 lb). Class: Earth. Type: Weather. Spacecraft: GMS. Agency: NASDA. Perigee: 36,410 km (22,620 mi). Apogee: 36,807 km (22,870 mi). Inclination: 6.20 deg. Period: 1,478.30 min. COSPAR: 1989-070A. USAF Sat Cat: 20217. Completed Operations Date: 2000-02-24.

    Stationed at 140 deg E. GMS-4 (Himawari-4). Improvement of meteorological observation. Development of meteorological satellite technology. Launch vehicle H-I (H20F). Launching organization NASDA. Launch time 1911 GMT. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 160 deg E in 1989; 140 deg E in 1989-1995; 120 deg E in 1995-1999 As of 4 September 2001 located at 126.83 deg E drifting at 10.301 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 9 located at 71.28W drifting at 10.305W degrees per day.

1989 - 21:38 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz. Model: Soyuz 11A511U2.
  • Soyuz TM-8 Nation: USSR. Program: Mir. Payload: Soyuz TM 11F732 s/n 58. Mass: 7,150 kg (15,760 lb). Class: Manned. Type: Spacecraft. Spacecraft: Soyuz TM. Agency: MOM. Perigee: 390 km (240 mi). Apogee: 392 km (243 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min. COSPAR: 1989-071A. USAF Sat Cat: 20218. Duration: 166.29 days. Decay Date: 1990-02-19. Crew: Serebrov, Viktorenko. Flight: Mir EO-5.

    Manned two crew. Mir Expedition EO-05. Docked with Mir 8 September. Transported to the Mir orbital station a team consisting of A S Viktorenko, commander of the spacecraft, and A A Serebrov, on-board engineer, to carry out scientific and technological research and experiments. Flight cost 80 million rubles. Expected return 25 million rubles net profit.

1995 -
  • France explodes nuclear device in Pacific; wide protests ensue Nation: France.

1995 - 07:50 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Topol. Model: Topol M. LV Configuration: Topol-M 2.
  • Test mission Nation: Russia. Agency: RVSN RF. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi).

1996 - 12:47 GMT - Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: LC132/1. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 3. Model: Kosmos 11K65M.
  • Cosmos 2334 Nation: Russia. Mass: 825 kg (1,818 lb). Class: Navigation. Spacecraft: Parus. Agency: MO RF. Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,011 km (628 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min. COSPAR: 1996-052A. USAF Sat Cat: 24304.

    Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Signals at 150.03 MHz and 400.08 MHz.

  • Oscar 30 Nation: Mexico. Program: Oscar. Payload: UNAMSAT B. Class: Communications. Type: Amateur Radio. Spacecraft: Oscar. Agency: UNAM. Perigee: 966 km (600 mi). Apogee: 1,010 km (620 mi). Inclination: 82.90 deg. Period: 104.90 min. COSPAR: 1996-052B. USAF Sat Cat: 24305.

1997 - 04:00 GMT - Launch Site: Anna Plains. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Terrier. Model: Terrier Improved Orion. LV Configuration: Terrier Improved Orion NASA 41.15DT.
  • DUNDEE 2 Target mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

2000 - 09:43 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC81/23. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-K/DM-2M. LV Configuration: Proton-K/DM-2M (DM3) 400-02.
  • Sirius 2 Nation: USA. Program: Sirius Radio. Mass: 3,800 kg (8,300 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: FS-1300. Manufacturer: Space Systems/Loral, Palo Alto. Agency: Sirius R. Perigee: 24,521 km (15,236 mi). Apogee: 47,051 km (29,236 mi). Inclination: 63.40 deg. COSPAR: 2000-051A. USAF Sat Cat: 26483.

    Sirius Radio's Sirius 2 was launched into a 144 x 168 km x 64.8 deg parking orbit. The Blok DM3 stage then made two burns to deliver Sirius 2 to an elliptical 6192 x 47057 km x 63.4 deg orbit. The was to provide digital radio broadcasts to mobile users in North America. Stationed at 64 deg W. As of 31 August 2001 located at 64.56 deg W drifting at 0.003 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 10 located at 67.77W drifting at 0.049E degrees per day.

2000 - 18:02 GMT - Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: -. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Black Brant. Model: Black Brant 9. LV Configuration: Black Brant IX NASA 36.151US.
  • Solar x-ray mission Nation: USA. Agency: NASA GSFC. Apogee: 300 km (180 mi).

2002 -
  • Webb / Next Generation Space Telescope contract award Nation: USA. Class: Astronomy. Type: Visual. Spacecraft: WST, HST.

    NASA awarded TRW a $824 million contract to build the Next Generation Space Telescope, redesignated the James Webb Space Telescope. TRW beat out Lockheed Martin, builder of the Hubble Space Telescope which the Webb was to replace. Launch of the 6-metre aperture telescope was not expected until 2010 at the earliest.

2007 - 22:43 GMT - Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: LC200/39. Launch Pad: -. Launch Vehicle: Proton. Model: Proton-M/Briz-M. LV Configuration: Proton-M/Briz-M 535-22. FAILURE: Second stage engine failure soon after ignition.
  • JCSAT 11 Nation: USA. Mass: 4,007 kg (8,833 lb). Class: Communications. Spacecraft: AS 2100. Manufacturer: Lockheed Martin, Sunnyvale. COSPAR: F20070905.


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