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Salyut 7
Part of Almaz

Kosmos 1267/Salyut 7

Kosmos 1267/Salyut 7
Kosmos 1267 / Salyut 7. This detailed painting was the first revelation in the West of the configuration of the TKS spacecraft.

Russian manned space station, launched 1982-04-19. Salyut 7 was the back-up article for Salyut 6 and very similar in equipment and capabilities. However the crews were able to conduct significant military experiments due to the greatly increased volume and payload of the TKS modules diverted from the cancelled Almaz program that docked with the station.

AKA: 11F715;17KS s/n 126;DOS-6. Status: Operational 1982. First Launch: 1982-04-19. Last Launch: 1982-04-19. Number: 1 . Thrust: 3.92 kN (881 lbf). Gross mass: 19,824 kg (43,704 lb). Unfuelled mass: 18,624 kg (41,058 lb). Specific impulse: 305 s. Height: 14.40 m (47.20 ft). Span: 17.00 m (55.00 ft).

Cancellation of the Almaz military station and delays in the Mir project led to the decision was taken in the late 1970's to fly the back-up to DOS-5 / Salyut 6. This was launched as Salyut 7 in 1982. The opportunity was taken to continue to fly 'guest cosmonauts' from friendly countries on short visits to the stations, although emphasis was placed on military experiments.

Salyut 7 was aloft for four years and two months, during which time it was visited by 10 crews constituting 6 main expeditions and 4 secondary flights (including French and Indian cosmonauts). A total of 22 cosmonauts visited the station, five of them twice and one three times. From two to six crew were aboard at any one time. 11 Soyuz T and 15 Progress spacecraft made a total of 25 dockings and 3 redockings. Mission durations of 211 and then 237 days were achieved, during which 13 EVA's were conducted during 861 total days of piloted flight. Due to various technical problems, Salyut 7 was much less productive a space station than Salyut 6.

On 19-22 August 1986 the station was moved to a 474 km x 492 km orbit, which was expected to take a very long time to decay. Retrieval at a future date by a Buran shuttle was planned. However much greater than expected solar activity resulted in it returning to earth much more rapidly than expected.

Due to various technical problems, Salyut 7 was much less productive a space station than Salyut 6. Equipment aboard Salyut 7 included a Unitary Propulsion/RCS Systems, Kurs Rendezvous/Docking System, 24 hr hot water, and a food refrigerator. Experimental Equipment included the Kristal materials processing furnace; EFO-7 star electrophotometer; an Improved Oasis plant growth unit; an Aelita cardiovascular diagnostic unit; a French echography ultrasonic medical system; and a Korund semiconductor materials furnace. Military experiments conducted with equipment delivered aboard TKS modules included observations of ground aerosols; ABM intercept detection and tracking equipment; naval exercises; and laser pointing/tracking hardware tests.

The manned ferry to the station was the Soyuz T, derived from the still-born Soyuz 7K-S military version of Soyuz which began development in 1968. Station resupply was by Progress, an unmanned logistics modification of the Soyuz that replaced the crew re-entry vehicle with propellant tanks. Large TKS modules from the cancelled Almaz program docked with Salyut 7 for major military experiments. From 17 July 1984 Soyuz could be launched with 200 kg additional mass thanks to use of Tsiklin propellant in the Soyuz-U2 booster.

RCS Coarse No x Thrust: 14 X 98 N. RCS Fine No x Thrust: 18 x 10 N. Electric System: 2.00 average kW.


More at: Salyut 7.

Subtopics

Salyut 7 Expedition 1 Null

Salyut 7 Expedition 2 Null

Salyut 7 Expedition 3 Null

Salyut 7 Expedition 4 Null

Salyut 7 Expedition 5 Null

Salyut 7 Expedition 6 Null

Family: Soviet Space Stations, Space station, Space station orbit. People: Grechko, Volk, Chretien, Savinykh, Ivanchenkov, Strekalov, Lyakhov, Kizim, Malyshev, Berezovoi, Lebedev, Polyakov, Dzhanibekov, Aleksandrov, Malhotra, Serebrov, Romanenko, Popov, Baudry, Solovyov, Vladimir, Titov, Vladimir, Viktorenko, Volkov, Aleksandr, Savitskaya, Sharma, Atkov, Ivanova, Saley, Vasyutin, Pronina. Country: Russia. Engines: KRD-79. Spacecraft: Progress, Soyuz T, Iskra, Salyut 7, Astrozond. Flights: Salyut 7/TKS-2, Soyuz T-5, Soyuz T-6, Soyuz T-7, Salyut 7/TKS-3, Soyuz T-8, Soyuz T-9, Soyuz T-10-1, Soyuz T-10, Soyuz T-11, Soyuz T-12, Soyuz T-13A, Soyuz T-13 EO-4-a, Soyuz T-13 EO-4-b, Soyuz T-14 EO-4-c, Soyuz T-14 Salyut 7 EP-5, Soyuz T-15A, Soyuz T-15B, Soyuz T-15C. Launch Vehicles: Proton, Proton-K, Soyuz-U, Soyuz-U2. Propellants: N2O4/UDMH. Launch Sites: Baikonur, Baikonur LC200/40. Agency: Korolev bureau, MOM, UNKS. Bibliography: 2, 21, 274, 299, 32, 33, 367, 51, 6, 66, 67, 89, 6851.
Photo Gallery

Salyut 7 in AssemblySalyut 7 in Assembly
Salyut 7 in Assembly Hall
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 7 frozen.Salyut 7 frozen.
The frozen interior of Salyut 7 that greeted the crew of the Soyuz T-15 repair mission.
Credit: RKK Energia


Salyut 7Salyut 7
Credit: © Mark Wade


Salyut 6Salyut 6
Credit: Manufacturer Image



1982 April 19 - . 19:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K.
1982 May 13 - . 09:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 May 23 - . 05:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 June 24 - . 16:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 July 2 - .
1982 July 10 - . 09:57 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 July 30 - . 02:39 GMT - .
1982 August 19 - . 17:11 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 August 27 - .
Late 1982 - .
1982 September 18 - . 04:58 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 October 31 - . 11:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1982 November 18 - . 11:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K.
1982 December 10 - .
During 1983 - .
1983 April 20 - . 13:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1983 April 22 - .
1983 June 27 - . 09:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1983 August 17 - . 12:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1983 September 26 - . 19:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U. FAILURE: Launch vehicle blew up on pad.. Failed Stage: 0.
1983 October 20 - . 09:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1983 November 1 - . 04:47 GMT - .
1983 November 3 - . 03:47 GMT - .
1983 November 23 - .
1984 February 8 - . 12:07 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 February 21 - . 06:46 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 April 3 - . 13:08 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 April 11 - .
1984 April 15 - . 08:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U2.
1984 April 23 - . 04:31 GMT - .
1984 April 26 - . 02:40 GMT - .
1984 April 29 - . 01:35 GMT - .
1984 May 4 - . 23:15 GMT - .
1984 May 7 - . 22:47 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 May 18 - . 17:52 GMT - .
1984 May 28 - . 14:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 July 17 - . 17:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U2.
1984 July 25 - . 14:55 GMT - .
1984 July 29 - .
1984 August 8 - . 08:46 GMT - .
1984 August 14 - . 06:28 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1984 October 2 - .
1985 March - .
1985 June 6 - . 06:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U2.
1985 June 21 - . 00:39 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1985 July 19 - . 13:05 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.
1985 August 2 - . 07:15 GMT - .
1985 September 17 - . 12:38 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U2.
1985 September 26 - .
1985 November 21 - .
1986 Early - .
1986 June - .
1986 September - .
1991 February 6 - .
1991 February 7 - .

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