On April 19 in Space History
Chronology
79 events
1912 April 19
- Birth of Glenn T Seaborg - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Seaborg. American physicist, chair of the Atomic Energy Commission 1961-1971..
1913 April 19
- Birth of Eugene G Fubini - . Nation: Italy, USA. Related Persons: Fubini. Italian-American physicist. Worked for the US military in a succession of technical and scientific position 1942-1969..
1930 April 19
Launch Vehicle: Valier.- Valier rocket car - . Nation: Germany. Related Persons: Valier. Valier has arranged for Dr Weyland to develop a new, powerful liquid rocket engine burning liquid oxygen and gasoline. The car made its first slow run this day, but combustion of the motor was poor and acceleration of the vehicle low..
1932 April 19
LV Family: Goddard. Launch Vehicle: Goddard 4.- Goddard tests rocket with gyro stabilization. - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Goddard. Apogee: 0.0410 km (0.0255 mi). Flight of Goddard liquid fuel rocket with pressure generated by liquid nitrogen, and eight gyro-controlled vanes (four into blast and four into slipstream) for stabilisation. Length 10 ft 9.5 in.; weight empty 19.5 lb; height 135 ft; in air 5 sec..
1946 April 19
- Birth of Viktor Viktorovich Zabolotski - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Zabolotski. Russian test pilot cosmonaut, 1984-1997. Cosmonaut training September 1985 - 1987. Buran Test Pilot. Civilian test pilot at the Zhukovsky Flight Test Center of LII..
1948 April 19
19:54 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sands. Launch Complex: White Sands LC33. Launch Vehicle: V-2. FAILURE: Failure.- Solar ultraviolet / ionosphere mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: NRL, US Army. Apogee: 56 km (34 mi). Launched 12:54 local time. Reached 56.1 km. Carried cosmic and solar radiation, pressure, temperature experiments for Naval Research Lab..
1949 April 19
- XS-1 Flight 110 - . Crew: Everest. Payload: XS-1 # 1 flight 67. Nation: USA. Related Persons: Everest. Class: Manned. Type: Manned rocketplane. Spacecraft: XS-1. AF flight 45. Altitude attempt. Only 2 cylinders fired..
1958 April 19
13:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC17B. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thor DM-18. FAILURE: Failure. Failed Stage: 1.1959 April 19
Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar VLAD. Launch Vehicle: Burya La-350.- Burya flight 11 - . Nation: Russia. Apogee: 17 km (10 mi). Launched after prior 20 Februry flight attempt. The suspect booster was replaced. Successful flight lasting T+33.5 minutes, achieving a range of 1,766 km and a speed of Mach 3.15 at 17.0 km altitude..
1960 April 19
14:15 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sands. LV Family: Aerobee. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee Hi.- NN3.60 Pinhole camera Solar ultraviolet / solar extreme ultraviolet mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: NRL. Apogee: 222 km (137 mi).
1960 April 19
16:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Complex: Rosamund Dry Lake DZ. Launch Pad: Edwards RW04/22. Launch Platform: NB-52 003.- X-15A test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA, USAF. Spacecraft: X-15A. Apogee: 18 km (11 mi). Maximum Speed - 2718 kph. Maximum Altitude - 18134 m. Air dropped in Rosamund Dry Lake DZ..
1961 April 19
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral ETR. Launch Platform: SSBN 601. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A1.1961 April 19
09:36 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: Nike Asp.1961 April 19
18:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Salto di Quirra. LV Family: Asp. Launch Vehicle: Nike Asp.1962 April 19
Launch Site: Lowry AFB. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan I.- Lowry AFB - . The last Titan I (HGM-25A) complex was turned over to the 724th Strategic Missile Squadron of the 451st Strategic Missile Wing (SAC) at Lowry AFB, Colorado. This completed activation..
1962 April 19
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral AMR DZ. Launch Pad: 29.0 N x 79.0 W. Launch Platform: B-52G. LV Family: Skybolt. Launch Vehicle: Skybolt ALBM. FAILURE: Failure.1962 April 19
18:02 GMT - . Launch Site: Edwards. Launch Complex: Mud Lake DZ. Launch Pad: Edwards RW04/22. Launch Platform: NB-52 003.- X-15A ASAS, alpha 20, M=5 test - . Nation: USA. Agency: NASA, USAF. Spacecraft: X-15A. Apogee: 46 km (28 mi). Maximum Speed - 6220 kph. Maximum Altitude - 46940 m. Air dropped in Mud Lake DZ..
1963 April 19
- Cosmonaut training for Vostok 5/6. - .
Nation: Russia.
Related Persons: Bykovsky,
Khrunov,
Leonov,
Tereshkova,
Volynov.
Flight: Vostok 5,
Vostok 6.
Spacecraft: Vostok.
It is clear that the female cosmonauts are trained and ready for an August flight, and the men (Bykovskiy, Volynov, Leonov, Khrunov) can complete training by that date. The male cosmonauts object to spending 7 to 8 days in a spacesuit in the ground spacecraft mock-up as required by the flight doctors. They don't want to spend more than 3 to 4 days.
1963 April 19
Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC15. LV Family: Titan. Launch Vehicle: Titan II. FAILURE: Failure.- Research and development test - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi). Mk 6 re-entry vehicle.
1965 April 19
02:20 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC130. Launch Vehicle: UR-100.1966 April 19
19:12 GMT - . Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: Vandenberg SLC4E. LV Family: Atlas. Launch Vehicle: Atlas SLV-3 Agena D.- KH 7-27 - . Payload: KH-7 no. 27 / OPS 0910. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: NRO, USAF. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: WS-117. Spacecraft: KH-7. Decay Date: 1966-04-26 . USAF Sat Cat: 2146 . COSPAR: 1966-032A. Apogee: 375 km (233 mi). Perigee: 139 km (86 mi). Inclination: 116.90 deg. Period: 89.60 min. KH-7 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). .
1967 April 19
Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: Vandenberg.- Last of three successful Atlas/Prime missions - . Nation: USA. Last of three successful Atlas/Prime missions from Vandenberg AFB (first launch on 21 December 1966)..
1967 April 19
06:14 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 1.1967 April 19
16:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Kiruna. Launch Complex: Kiruna C. LV Family: Belier. Launch Vehicle: Centaure 2B.1967 April 19
23:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Eglin. LV Family: Tomahawk. Launch Vehicle: Nike Tomahawk.1968 April 19
- L1 launch preparations - . Nation: Russia. Program: Lunar L1, Soyuz. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-L1. Kamanin goes to Baikonur aboard an Il-18 for the L1 launch. This is to be the first flight demonstration of the SUS system that will use the capsule's L/D ratio of 0.3 to make a lifting re-entry. Preparations are on schedule..
1968 April 19
Launch Site: Johnston Island. Launch Pad: SLBM Launch Area. Launch Platform: EAG-154. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Polaris A3.1969 April 19
- Military Soyuz meeting - . Nation: Russia. Program: Soyuz. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-OK. Kamanin meets with the General Staff, presents the results of the study he has commissioned on the military utility of manned spaceflight, and pleads for support for his proposal to procure ten Soyuz spacecraft..
1969 April 19
00:10 GMT - . Launch Site: Fort Churchill. LV Family: Arcas. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas 2.- O / OH profile Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Canada. Apogee: 104 km (64 mi).
1969 April 19
01:17 GMT - . Launch Site: Fort Churchill. LV Family: Arcas. Launch Vehicle: Boosted Arcas 2.- O / OH profile Aeronomy mission - . Nation: Canada. Apogee: 103 km (64 mi).
1969 April 19
16:32 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar V-2. Launch Vehicle: MR-12.1971 April 19
01:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC81/24. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K.- Salyut 1 - .
Payload: Zarya s/n 121. Mass: 18,500 kg (40,700 lb). Nation: Russia.
Agency: MOM.
Program: Salyut.
Class: Manned.
Type: Manned space station. Flight: Soyuz 10,
Soyuz 11,
Soyuz 12 / DOS 1.
Spacecraft Bus: Almaz.
Spacecraft: Salyut 1.
Duration: 179.93 days. Decay Date: 1971-10-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 5160 . COSPAR: 1971-032A. Apogee: 214 km (132 mi). Perigee: 180 km (110 mi). Inclination: 51.40 deg. Period: 88.50 min.
First manned space station. Salyut 1 included a number of military experiments, including the OD-4 optical visual ranger, the Orion ultraviolet instrument for characterising rocket plumes, and the highly classified Svinets radiometer. Primary objectives included photography of the earth, spectrographs of the earth's horizon, experiments with intense gamma rays, and studying manual methods for station orientation.
At 05:20 the State Commission and their guests arrive at the Area 95 observation point to view the launch. The booster takes off on schedule at 06:40 in light rain and 60 km/hr wind. The tracking station reports good orbital insertion, separation from the third stage, and antennae and solar panel deployment. But the cover of the scientific equipment bay does not separate. This will mean that many experiments cannot be accomplished. It is decided to launch the crew to the station anyway, since the station is otherwise functioning normally. The cosmonauts go to the baths in the evening. Additional Details: here....
1971 April 19
06:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Green River. Launch Complex: Green River Pad 3. LV Family: Athena RTV. Launch Vehicle: Athena RTV.1971 April 19
13:25 GMT - . Launch Site: Thumba. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.1971 April 19
23:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral ETR. Launch Platform: SSBN 630. LV Family: Polaris. Launch Vehicle: Poseidon C3.- Demonstration and shakedown operations launch - . Nation: USA. Agency: USN. Apogee: 500 km (310 mi).
1972 April 19
10:01 GMT - . Launch Site: Woomera. Launch Complex: Woomera LA2. LV Family: Lupus. Launch Vehicle: Cockatoo.1972 April 19
21:43 GMT - . Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: Vandenberg SLC3W. LV Family: Thor. Launch Vehicle: Thorad SLV-2H Agena D.- KH-4B 1116 - . Payload: KH-4B s/n 1116 / Agena D 1661 / OPS 5640. Mass: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb). Nation: USA. Agency: CIA, NRO. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: WS-117. Spacecraft: KH-4B. Decay Date: 1972-05-12 . USAF Sat Cat: 6003 . COSPAR: 1972-032A. Apogee: 276 km (171 mi). Perigee: 154 km (95 mi). Inclination: 81.00 deg. Period: 88.80 min. KH-4B. Very successful mission and image quality was good..
1973 April 19
08:59 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.- Cosmos 554 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-4MK. Duration: 38.00 days. Decay Date: 1973-05-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 6432 . COSPAR: 1973-021A. Apogee: 304 km (188 mi). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 72.90 deg. Period: 89.50 min. High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable; exploded in orbit..
1973 April 19
10:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC86/4. LV Family: R-12. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63.- Intercosmos 9 - . Payload: DS-U2-IK s/n . Mass: 400 kg (880 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: IK. Program: DS. Class: Earth. Type: Ionosphere satellite. Spacecraft Bus: DS. Spacecraft: DS-U2-IK. Completed Operations Date: 1973-10-15 . Decay Date: 1973-10-15 . USAF Sat Cat: 6433 . COSPAR: 1973-022A. Apogee: 1,526 km (948 mi). Perigee: 199 km (123 mi). Inclination: 48.40 deg. Period: 102.20 min. Also designated Intercosmos Copernicus 500. Investigated solar radio-frequency radiation and the characteristics of the earth's ionosphere..
1974 April 19
04:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Wallops Island. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Nike Apache.1975 April 19
07:30 GMT - . Launch Site: Kapustin Yar. Launch Complex: Kapustin Yar LC107/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.- Aryabhata - . Payload: ISS. Mass: 360 kg (790 lb). Nation: India. Agency: ISRO. Class: Earth. Type: Atmosphere satellite. Spacecraft: Aryabhata. Decay Date: 1992-02-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 7752 . COSPAR: 1975-033A. Apogee: 409 km (254 mi). Perigee: 398 km (247 mi). Inclination: 50.70 deg. Period: 92.60 min. Atmospheric research. Experimental satellite for satellite technology and some scientific experiments. Launched from a cosmodrome in the USSR. .
1976 April 19
12:52 GMT - . Launch Site: Ascension. LV Family: Deacon. Launch Vehicle: Rocketsonde.1977 April 19
Launch Site: , Vandenberg. LV Family: Scout.- Responsibility for directing Scout launches at Vandenberg AFB was transferred from the Air Force to NASA. - . Responsibility for directing Scout launches at Vandenberg AFB was transferred from the Air Force to NASA..
1977 April 19
10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKO. Launch Platform: VOLNA. Launch Vehicle: MMR-06.1978 April 19
10:35 GMT - . Launch Pad: Atlantic Ocean, 38.0 N x 75.0 W. Launch Platform: VISE. Launch Vehicle: MR-12.- Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Russia. Apogee: 161 km (100 mi).
1978 April 19
15:37 GMT - . Launch Pad: Atlantic Ocean, 38.0 N x 75.0 W. Launch Platform: VISE. Launch Vehicle: MR-12.- Aeronomy/Ionosphere mission - . Nation: Russia. Apogee: 170 km (100 mi).
1979 April 19
Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC106. LV Family: R-36M. Launch Vehicle: R-36M 15A14.1979 April 19
Launch Site: Vandenberg. Launch Complex: Vandenberg LF21. LV Family: Minuteman. Launch Vehicle: Minuteman 3.- Research and development launch - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF AFSC. Apogee: 1,300 km (800 mi). A Minuteman III production verification missile (PVM-17) was launched from Vanden-berg AFB to the Kwajalein missile range. It successfully deployed two Mark 12A reentry vehicles. .
1979 April 19
Launch Site: Tonopah. Launch Vehicle: Malemute.1980 April 19
09:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Sea Launch Area. Launch Pad: UNKO. Launch Platform: PRILIV. Launch Vehicle: MMR-06.1982 April 19
19:45 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC200/40. LV Family: Proton. Launch Vehicle: Proton-K.- Salyut 7 - .
Payload: Zarya s/n 125-2. Mass: 18,900 kg (41,600 lb). Nation: Russia.
Agency: MOM.
Program: Salyut 7.
Class: Manned.
Type: Manned space station. Spacecraft Bus: Almaz.
Spacecraft: Salyut 7.
Duration: 3,215.34 days. Decay Date: 1991-02-07 . USAF Sat Cat: 13138 . COSPAR: 1982-033A. Apogee: 284 km (176 mi). Perigee: 279 km (173 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 90.20 min.
Second Soviet replenishable long-duration 'civilian' space station. Objectives: Continuation of scientific research on board manned space complexes in the interests of science and the Soviet national economy; testing of advanced systems and apparatus for orbital stations. Continuation of the scientific research in progress on board manned space complexes in the interests of science and the national economy; testing of advanced systems and apparatus for orbital stations. Although of the same design as Salyut 6, technical breakdowns throughout its life made Salyut 7 a much less productive station. Replaced finally by Mir. Two different TKS resupply craft, originally designed for the Almaz military station, docked with Salyut 7 to provide a larger complex. With the cancellation of Almaz, a large proportion of the experiments carried out on board had military objectives. As of January 1990 out of fuel, unable to manoeuvre, uncontrolled re-entry expected in three to four years. Re-entered in 1991 with 70 kg fuel remaining over Argentina. Controllers attempted to control impact point (set for Atlantic Ocean) by setting Salyut 7/Kosmos 1686 assembly into a tumble. This however failed and Salyut 7 re-entered February 7, 1991 04:00 GMT. Many fragments fell on the town of Capitan Bermudez, 25 km from Rosario and 400 km from Buenos Aires, Argentina. At 1 am local time the sky was lit up with hundreds of incandescent meteors travelling from Southwest to Northeast. At dawn the inhabitants discovered numerous metal fragments, which seemed to have fallen in distinct groups at various locations in the city. Luckily no one was hurt in the metallic shower. Additional Details: here....
- Iskra 2 - . Payload: RK-02. Mass: 28 kg (61 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Salyut 7. Class: Communications. Type: Amateur radio communications satellite. Spacecraft: Iskra. Decay Date: 1982-07-09 . USAF Sat Cat: 13176 . COSPAR: 1982-033C. Apogee: 345 km (214 mi). Perigee: 336 km (208 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.40 min. Deployed from Salyut 7 5/17/82. Launched from Salyut 7. Experiments in amateur radio communications. Launched into orbit from aboard the Salyut-7 orbital scientific station. .
1983 April 19
12:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. Launch Complex: Plesetsk LC132/2. LV Family: R-14. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M.- Cosmos 1453 - . Mass: 550 kg (1,210 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MO. Class: Surveillance. Type: Radar calibration target. Spacecraft Bus: AUOS. Spacecraft: Taifun-2. Decay Date: 1989-05-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 14006 . COSPAR: 1983-034A. Apogee: 466 km (289 mi). Perigee: 434 km (269 mi). Inclination: 74.00 deg. Period: 93.60 min. Released 25 Romb radar calibration subsatellites..
1983 April 19
20:00 GMT - . Launch Site: White Sands. LV Family: Aerobee. Launch Vehicle: Aerobee 170.- Ultraviolet Ionosphere / solar extreme ultraviolet mission - . Nation: USA. Agency: USAF. Apogee: 204 km (126 mi).
1984 April 19
11:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.- Cosmos 1549 - . Mass: 6,300 kg (13,800 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Vostok. Spacecraft: Zenit-6U. Duration: 14.00 days. Decay Date: 1984-05-03 . USAF Sat Cat: 14938 . COSPAR: 1984-040A. Apogee: 364 km (226 mi). Perigee: 194 km (120 mi). Inclination: 72.80 deg. Period: 90.10 min. Photo surveillance; returned film capsule..
1985 April 19
14:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Plesetsk. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U.- Cosmos 1647 - . Mass: 6,600 kg (14,500 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military surveillance satellite. Spacecraft Bus: Yantar. Spacecraft: Yantar-4K1. Duration: 53.00 days. Decay Date: 1985-06-11 . USAF Sat Cat: 15655 . COSPAR: 1985-031A. Apogee: 321 km (199 mi). Perigee: 167 km (103 mi). Inclination: 67.10 deg. Period: 89.40 min. High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission..
1985 April 19
- Landing of STS-51-D - . Return Crew: Bobko, Garn, Griggs, Hoffman, Seddon, Walker, Williams, Donald. Nation: USA. Related Persons: Bobko, Garn, Griggs, Hoffman, Seddon, Walker, Williams, Donald. Program: STS. Flight: STS-51-D. STS-51-D landed at 13:50 GMT. .
1989 April 19
Launch Site: Balasore. LV Family: RH. Launch Vehicle: RH-200.1990 April 19
- Death of Vladislav Ivanovich Gulyayev at Zvyozdny Gorodok, Russia. Heart attack. - . Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Gulyayev. Russian engineer cosmonaut 1963-1968. Graduated from Soviet Navy Engineering School Cosmonaut training January 1963 - 21 January 1965. Resigned for medical reasons after an accident. Worked at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. Died of a heart attack..
1992 April 19
21:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U2.- Progress M-12 - . Payload: Progress M s/n 213. Mass: 7,320 kg (16,130 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: MOM. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned logistics spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TM-14. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Progress M. Duration: 69.11 days. Decay Date: 1992-06-27 . USAF Sat Cat: 21946 . COSPAR: 1992-022A. Apogee: 394 km (244 mi). Perigee: 373 km (231 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.20 min. Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Docked with Mir on 21 Apr 1992 23:21:59 GMT. Undocked on 27 Jun 1992 21:34:44 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 28 Jun 1992 00:02:51 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.18 days. Total docked time 66.93 days..
- VBK Raduga - . Mass: 7,450 kg (16,420 lb). Nation: Russia. Agency: UNKS. Program: Mir. Flight: Soyuz TM-14. Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz. Spacecraft: Progress M. COSPAR: 1992-022xx.
1993 April 19
05:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Sriharikota. LV Family: RH. Launch Vehicle: RH-560.1993 April 19
17:15 GMT - .- EVA Mir EO-13-1 - . Crew: Manakov, Poleshchuk. EVA Duration: 0.23 days. Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Manakov, Poleshchuk. Program: Mir. Class: Manned. Type: Manned space station. Flight: Soyuz TM-16. Spacecraft: Mir. Began installation of Kvant 1 solar array drive unit..
1995 April 19
21:50 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-U-PVB.- GFZ-1 - . Mass: 20 kg (44 lb). Nation: Germany. Agency: GFZ. Program: Mir. Class: Earth. Type: Geodetic satellite. Flight: Soyuz TM-21. Spacecraft: GFZ-1. Decay Date: 1999-06-23 . USAF Sat Cat: 23558 . COSPAR: 1986-017JE. Apogee: 387 km (240 mi). Perigee: 380 km (230 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Geodetic; carried retroreflectors for ground laser ranging; delivered to Mir on Progress M-27 and deployed from Mir 4/19/95 ..
1997 April 19
- Mir News 355: Mir-routine - .
Nation: Russia.
Program: Mir.
Flight: Soyuz TM-25,
STS-81 Mir NASA-3.
Immediately after the opening of the hatches to Progress-M34 the crew began to unload the most important stuff for direct use. They used a part of the new arrived pure oxygen supply and new lithium perchlorate 'disks' for oxygen production. Radio traffic revealed that the cosmonauts without delay had started the repair of the Elektron system in Module-D (Kvant- 2). On 11.04 this Elektron was activated, but after a few minutes during which oxygen was produced it switched itself off. On the days to follow the crew regularly worked on this system and to undo the last failure they even used a part of the unserviceable Elektron in Module-E (Kvant-1).
The urgent work on the Elektron caused a considerable work overload of the crew. These days the astronaut Linenger is often deployed to assist in this repair work for which he has to refrain from a part of his American experiments. A few times the work on the Elektron had to be suspended for the execution of repair work with a higher priority. This had to do with a lot of leakage in the heating- and cooling circuits in the Base Block and Kvant-1.
The leaks in the cooling loops in Kvant-1 caused the outflow of cooling liquid (ethylene glycol) and the decrease of the pressure within that circuit. A sufficient cooling is also needed for the functioning of the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorber Vozdukh. For the neutralisation of CO2 in Mir's atmosphere there is another alternative. Progress-M34 delivered for that purpose canisters lithium hydroxide. Meanwhile the Elektron in Module-D and the Vozdukh CO2 scrubber are functioning. The problems with the life support systems on board caused a high humidity and consequently a lot of condensation. Twice a day Tsibliyev can be heard reporting pulse rates, blood pressures, skin temperatures and blood oxygen saturation of all crew members.
Orbit correction: Using the engines of the Pr-M34 the orbit of the Mir-station had been corrected on 15.04.19997 at 12.46.01 UTC. Apogee and Perigee changed from 397.16/381.63 KM to 402.54/389.51 KM.
Solar orbit: Within a few days Mir will enter a so called solar orbit. During this period Mir will continuously remain in sunlight. Then it will be more difficult to control the on board temperatures. Tsibliyev said that physically the crew is able to sustain this inconvenience, but that he has some concerns about the equipment of the complex.
1st Spacewalk (EVA) Mir Main Expedition 23/ NASA 4: This EVA is (or possibly meanwhile: was) on schedule for 29.04.1997. The EVA will be executed if the repair work can be accomplished before a determined deadline.
Chris v.d. Berg, NL-9165/A-UK3202.
1998 April 19
- STS-90 - Wakeup Song: Take Me Out to the Ball Game - . Flight: STS-90. "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" sung by Harry Carey CAPCOM: Chris Hadfield.
1998 April 19
13:51 GMT - . Launch Site: Sriharikota. LV Family: RH. Launch Vehicle: RH-560/300 Mk II.2000 April 19
00:29 GMT - . Launch Site: Kourou. Launch Complex: Kourou ELA2. LV Family: Ariane. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 42L.- Galaxy 4R - .
Payload: HS 601HP. Mass: 3,668 kg (8,086 lb). Nation: USA.
Agency: PanAmSat.
Manufacturer: El Segundo.
Program: Galaxy.
Class: Communications.
Type: Civilian communications satellite. Spacecraft: HS 601.
USAF Sat Cat: 26298 . COSPAR: 2000-020A. Apogee: 35,921 km (22,320 mi). Perigee: 35,901 km (22,307 mi). Inclination: 4.80 deg. Period: 1,442.50 min.
Galaxy 4R carried 28 Ku-band and 28 C-band transponders. After insertion in a standard 219 x 32007 km x 7.0 deg geostationary transfer orbit, Galaxy 4R's R-4D apogee engine raised orbit to 35765 x 35792 km x 0.1 deg by April 27 and was over 67 deg W by late April. Final destination was 99 deg W. The Galaxy satellites provide US domestic telecommunications services. 4R replaces the original Galaxy 4H which failed in May 1998, putting pagers out of action across the USA. Stationed at 99 deg W. Positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 73 deg W in 2000. As of 5 September 2001 located at 98.99 deg W drifting at 0.016 deg W per day. As of 2007 Mar 11 located at 76.88W drifting at 0.001E degrees per day.
2001 April 19
18:40 GMT - . Launch Site: Cape Canaveral. Launch Complex: Cape Canaveral LC39A. Launch Platform: MLP1. LV Family: Shuttle. Launch Vehicle: Space Shuttle.- STS-100 - .
Call Sign: Endeavour. Crew: Ashby,
Guidoni,
Hadfield,
Lonchakov,
Parazynski,
Phillips,
Rominger.
Payload: Endeavour F16 / Raffaello, Canadarm-2. Mass: 103,506 kg (228,191 lb). Nation: USA.
Related Persons: Ashby,
Guidoni,
Hadfield,
Lonchakov,
Parazynski,
Phillips,
Rominger.
Agency: NASA Houston.
Manufacturer: Boeing.
Program: ISS.
Class: Manned.
Type: Manned spaceplane. Flight: STS-100.
Spacecraft Bus: Shuttle.
Spacecraft: Endeavour.
Duration: 11.90 days. Decay Date: 2001-05-01 . USAF Sat Cat: 26747 . COSPAR: 2001-016A. Apogee: 404 km (251 mi). Perigee: 378 km (234 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 92.40 min.
Space Shuttle OV-105 Endeavour was launched on mission STS-100 to carry out International Space Station Flight 6A continued the outfitting of the Station. The crew of four Americans, one Russian, one Canadian and one Italian were to install an 18 meter, 1,700 kg Canadian robotic arm named Canadarm-2 on the ISS, and to transport an Italian cargo container, Raffaello, which delivered 4,500 kg of supplies and equipment to the station. Total payload of 13,744 kg consisted of:
- Bay 1-2: Orbiter Docking System, External Airlock, 3 EMU spacesuits - 2160 kg including 360 kg for the 3 suits
- Bay 3 Starboard: Adapter Beam with DCSU switching unit - 180kg
- Bay 5: Spacelab Pallet with Canadarm-2 SSRMS (Space Station Remote Manipulator System, 1800 kg mass), LDA, and 56 kg UHF antenna - 3256 kg
- Bay 6 Port: Adapter Beam with IMAX Camera - 238 kg
- Bay 8-12: Rafaello Module (MPLM-2) with MPLM racks and 3400 kg cargo - 7500 kg
- Sill: Canadarm RMS 303 - 410 kg
On 23 April the SSRMS station manipulator was unberthed from the SLP Spacelab pallet at 1114 GMT and latched on to the PDGF fixture on the Destiny ISS module at 1416 GMT. This was followed at 1458 GMT with the MPLM-2 Raffaello module being moved from Endeavour's payload bay by the Shuttle's RMS and berthed to the nadir port on the ISS Unity module at 1600 GMT. Over the next few days, the cargo racks on the MPLM were transferred to Destiny. Raffaello was then unberthed from Unity at 2003 GMT on April 27 and reberthed in the rear of Endeavour's bay for return to earth at 2059 GMT.
Undocking of Endeavour was delayed by a series of computer problems at the Station. Failures in the Station's command and control computers left only one of the three computers operating.
They were all restarted by April 29, and the Shuttle RMS grappled the Spacelab pallet at 2044 GMT . The station's Canadarm-2 released it at 2106 GMT, and the RMS berthed the pallet back in the Shuttle cargo bay. Endeavour undocked from the Station at 1734 GMT on April 29. The weather in Florida was bad at the planned May 1 landing time, so Endeavour landed in California. The deorbit burn was at 1502 GMT on May 1, with landing at 1610:42 GMT on runway 22 at Edwards. Endeavour returned to the Kennedy Space Center atop a Boeing 747 SCA aircraft on May 9.
2002 April 19
- Landing of STS-110 - . Return Crew: Bloomfield, Frick, Morin, Ochoa, Ross, Smith, Steven, Walheim. Nation: USA. Related Persons: Bloomfield, Frick, Morin, Ochoa, Ross, Smith, Steven, Walheim. Program: ISS. Flight: STS-110. Atlantis had undocked from ISS at 1831 UTC on April 17. It returned to Earth on April 19, with a deorbit burn at 1518:59 UTC and landing on Runway 33 at KSC at 1626:57 UTC..
2002 April 19
- Air Force Space Command became a separate four-star Air Force command distinct from the US Space Command and NORAD. - . Nation: USA. Air Force Space Command became a separate four-star Air Force command distinct from the US Space Command and NORAD..
2002 April 19
- STS-110 - Wakeup Song: Message in a Bottle - . Flight: STS-110. "Message in a Bottle" by The Police..
2004 April 19
03:19 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC1. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-FG.- Soyuz TMA-4 - .
Call Sign: Altair. Crew: Fincke,
Kuipers,
Padalka.
Return Crew: Fincke,
Padalka,
Shargin.
Payload: Soyuz TMA s/n 214. Mass: 7,250 kg (15,980 lb). Nation: Russia.
Related Persons: Fincke,
Kuipers,
Padalka,
Shargin.
Agency: RAKA.
Manufacturer: Korolev bureau.
Program: ISS.
Class: Manned.
Type: Manned spacecraft. Flight: Soyuz TMA-3,
Soyuz TMA-4,
Soyuz TMA-4 Delta.
Spacecraft Bus: Soyuz.
Spacecraft: Soyuz TMA.
Duration: 187.89 days. Decay Date: 2004-10-24 . USAF Sat Cat: 28228 . COSPAR: 2004-013A. Apogee: 367 km (228 mi). Perigee: 359 km (223 mi). Inclination: 51.60 deg. Period: 91.80 min.
Soyuz TMA-4 was ISS transport mission ISS 8S and delivered the EO-9 caretaker crew of Gennadiy Padalka and Michael Fincke, together with the ESA/Netherlands Delta mission crewmember Andre Kuipers, to the Space Station. Soyuz TMA-4 docked with the nadir port on Zarya at 05:01 GMT on April 21 and the hatches to the ISS were opened at 06:30 GMT. Another gyro on the station had shut down prior to the docking and possibly would require a maintenance spacewalk to replace its failed electronics.
After Soyuz TMA-5 docked with the ISS on October 16, the EO-9 crew handed activities over to the EO-10 crew.
2006 April 19
- Death of Albert Scott Crossfield. Crashed private light aircraft in bad weather near Ellijay, Georgia. - . Nation: USA. Related Persons: Crossfield. Death of Albert Scott Crossfield. Crashed private light aircraft in bad weather near Ellijay, Georgia. Hispanic-American test pilot, 1950-1960. First man to reach Mach 2; first Hispanic test pilot..
2008 April 19
08:29 GMT - .- Landing of Soyuz TMA-11 - . Return Crew: Malenchenko, Whitson, Yi Soyeon. Nation: Russia. Related Persons: Malenchenko, Whitson, Yi Soyeon. Program: ISS. Flight: Soyuz TMA-11, Soyuz TMA-12 ISS EP-14.
2010 April 19
- STS-131 - Wakeup Song: On the Road Again - . Flight: STS-131. "On the Road Again" by Willie Nelson for the crew..
2012 April 19
02:37 GMT - . Launch Site: Balasore. LV Family: ASLV. Launch Vehicle: Agni 5.- Agni RV - . Nation: India. Apogee: 800 km (490 mi). R&D flight..
2013 April 19
- EVA ISS EO-35-1 - . Crew: Romanenko, Roman, Vinogradov. EVA Duration: 0.28 days. Nation: Russia. Program: ISS. Flight: Soyuz TMA-08M. Exited from Pirs module of ISS. Installed Ostanovka experiment on Zvezda module; returned external exposure experimental panels to the station (Vinogradov lost his grip on one panel, which floated off into space and was not returend)..
2013 April 19
Launch Site: McGregor. LV Family: Falcon. Launch Vehicle: Grasshopper.2013 April 19
10:00 GMT - . Launch Site: Baikonur. Launch Complex: Baikonur LC31. Launch Pad: LC31/6. LV Family: R-7. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz-2-1A.- Bion-M No. 1 - .
Mass: 6,266 kg (13,814 lb). Nation: Russia.
Class: Biology.
Type: Biology satellite. Spacecraft: Bion-M.
Decay Date: 2013-05-19 . USAF Sat Cat: 39130 . COSPAR: 2013-015A. Apogee: 579 km (359 mi). Perigee: 471 km (292 mi). Inclination: 64.88 deg. Period: 95.14 min.
The biosat combined a Vostok spherical pressurized reentry capusle and a Yantar service module. The capsule carried mice, gerbils, geckos, and snails; microorganisms in FRAGMENTER and BIOKONT-B containers; fish and algae in an OMEGAHAB aquarium; plants in FITO plant containers; and some microgravity materials experiments. Landed 82 km north of Orenburg at 03:12 GMT on 19 May. The gerbils had perished due to equipment failure; all of the geckos and half of the mice were alive
- OSSI-1 - . Mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Nation: Korea South. Spacecraft: Cubesat. Decay Date: 2013-07-08 . USAF Sat Cat: 39131 . COSPAR: 2013-015B. Apogee: 348 km (216 mi). Perigee: 218 km (135 mi). Inclination: 64.86 deg. Period: 90.17 min. Cubesat developed by a Korean artist..
- Dove-2 - . Mass: 3.00 kg (6.60 lb). Nation: USA. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39132 . COSPAR: 2013-015C. Apogee: 575 km (357 mi). Perigee: 564 km (350 mi). Inclination: 64.87 deg. Period: 96.06 min. 3U cubesat, a demonstration satellite for Cosmogia, designed to return on-board system health data and validate the design for future Dove satellites, which will carry remote sensing payloads..
- Aist 2 - . Mass: 39 kg (85 lb). Nation: Russia. Spacecraft: Aist. USAF Sat Cat: 39133 . COSPAR: 2013-015D. Apogee: 575 km (357 mi). Perigee: 564 km (350 mi). Inclination: 64.88 deg. Period: 96.05 min. Small satellite released from the side of Bion-M's service module, developed by TsSKB-Progress and the Samara Aerospace University; carried a magnetometer, acclerometers and a micrometeor experiment..
- BEESAT-3 - . Mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Nation: Germany. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39134 . COSPAR: 2013-015E. Apogee: 574 km (356 mi). Perigee: 558 km (346 mi). Inclination: 64.88 deg. Period: 95.97 min. 1U cubesat from the Technical University of Berlin. Reaction wheel technology qualification. Successful..
- SOMP - . Mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Nation: Germany. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39135 . COSPAR: 2013-015F. Apogee: 574 km (356 mi). Perigee: 558 km (346 mi). Inclination: 64.88 deg. Period: 95.98 min. Student Oxygen Measurement 1U cubesat from Technical University of Dresden. Mission: Education, testing software defined radio, measuring atomic oxygen concentration, demonstrating TFSC ..
- BEESAT-2 - . Mass: 1.00 kg (2.20 lb). Nation: Germany. Spacecraft: Cubesat. USAF Sat Cat: 39136 . COSPAR: 2013-015G. Apogee: 574 km (356 mi). Perigee: 558 km (346 mi). Inclination: 64.88 deg. Period: 95.98 min. 1U cubesat from the Technical University of Berlin. Mission: Reaction wheel technology qualification. Successful..
2016 April 19
06:41 GMT - . Launch Site: Dombarovskiy. LV Family: UR-100N. Launch Vehicle: UR-100NU 15A35.- Yu-71 No. 3 - . Nation: Russia. Apogee: 1,000 km (600 mi). Test mission. Impacted in Kura?..
- Test payload - . Nation: Iran. Apogee: 200 km (120 mi). Test mission. Impacted in S Iran. It was reported that Iran's new Simorgh launch vehicle failed in its initial launch attempt on Apr 19. However, Russian sources suggested that it was a successful suborbital test flight of the rocket..